Uploaded May 2024 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
Part 1: youtube.com/watch?v=ysvSYYaLEMI
Jatropha gossypiifolia
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Hura crepitans
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Hevea brasiliensis
youtube.com/watch?v=7lpymHZGTxo
Ricinus communis
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Euphorbia hirta
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#Dlium
Kemiri or candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus) is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae, a large tree, up to 40 meters high, up to 1.5 meters tall, the bark is gray and rather rough with lenticels, widespread in tropical areas, the seeds are used as source of oil and spices.
A. moluccanus has young leaves, twigs and flowers decorated with dense star hairs, short and buttery silver in color as if dusted with flour. The crowns of large trees appear whitish or silvery from a distance.
Leaves are single, alternate, dark green, stalk up to 30 cm long with a pair of glands at the tip. The leaves are round or ovoid or oval or triangular, up to 30 cm long, up to 15 cm wide, heart-shaped at the base, 3-5 triangles at the tip and finger bones only at the beginning.
The flowers are in thyrsoid panicles in terminal or terminal axils, 10–20 cm long. The flowers are white, five leaves, short stalks, the female is at the end of an additional umbrella panicle, the male is smaller, blooms first and is in greater quantity. The crown is lanceolate, 5 parts, 6-7 mm long in males and 9-10 mm in females.
Fruit slightly oval and slightly flat, 7 cm, olive green outside with velvety hairs, flesh whitish and does not break. Each fruit has 1-2 seeds, wrapped in a hard and thick shell, slightly flat, up to 3 cm with whitish flakes and rich in oil.
This species grows in tropical climates, elevations up to 2000 meters, temperatures of 19-30C and rather dry conditions during the dry season. It grows well near rivers with moist soil and rainfall of 640-4290 mm/year.....................................
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Aleurites J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. in Char. Gen. Pl., ed. 2.: 111 (1776)
Species: Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 590 (1805)
Homotypic Synonyms
Camerium moluccanum (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 595 (1891)
Jatropha moluccana L. in Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753)
Mallotus moluccanus (L.) Müll.Arg. in Linnaea 34: 185 (1865)
Mallotus moluccanus var. genuinus Müll.Arg. (1865)
Manihot moluccana (L.) Crantz in Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 167 (1766)
Rottlera moluccana (L.) Scheff. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 122 (1869)
Heterotypic Synonyms
Aleurites ambinux Pers. in Syn. Pl. 2: 579 (1807)
Aleurites angustifolius Vieill. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 16: 60 (1862)
Aleurites commutatus Geiseler in Croton. Monogr.: 82 (1807)
Aleurites cordifolius (Gaertn.) Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 1: 49 (1840)
Aleurites integrifolius Vieill. (1862)
Aleurites javanicus Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 60: 27 (1913)
Aleurites lanceolatus Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 757 (1837)
Aleurites lobatus Blanco (1837)
Aleurites moluccanus var. aulanii O.Deg. & I.Deg. in Phytologia 21: 316 (1971)
Aleurites moluccanus var. floccosus Airy Shaw in Kew Bull. 20: 26, 393 (1966)
Aleurites moluccanus var. katoi O.Deg., I.Deg. & B.S.Stone in Phytologia 21: 315 (1971)
Aleurites moluccanus var. remyi (Sherff) B.C.Stone in Pacific Sci. 21: 553 (1967)
Aleurites moluccanus var. serotinus O.Deg. & Sherff in Amer. J. Bot. 38: 57 (1951)
Aleurites pentaphyllus Benth. in N.Wallich, Numer. List: n.° 7959 (1847), nom. nud.
Aleurites remyi Sherff in Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17: 558 (1939)
Aleurites trilobus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. in Char. Gen. Pl., ed. 2.: 112 (1776)
Camirium cordifolium Gaertn. in Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 194 (1791)
Camirium oleosum Reinw. ex Blume in Catalogus: 104 (1823)
Dryandra oleifera Lam. in Encycl. 2: 329 (1786)
Ricinus dicoccus Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 690 (1832)
Telopea perspicua Sol. ex Seem. in Fl. Vit.: 223 (1867)
Juglans camirum Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 573 (1790)
Publications
George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
Batak: Gambiri, Hambiri
Belitung: Kumbe
Bugis: Pelleng
Dayak: Kaminting
English: Candlenut, Candle Nut, Kemiri, Candleberry, Indian walnut
Gayo: Kemili
Indonesian: Kemiri
Javanese: Miri, Pidekan, Dèrèkan
Lampung: Kemiling
Madura: Kamèrè, Komèrè, Mèrè
Maluku: Kumiri
Nias: Buah kareh
Nusa Tenggara: Tenu
Selayar: Damiu
Sulawesi: Berau
Sunda: Muncang
Learn more: dlium.com/2020/08/candlenut-aleurites-moluccanus.html
Location: Dlingo, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: dlium.com
Part 1: youtube.com/watch?v=ysvSYYaLEMI
Jatropha gossypiifolia
youtube.com/watch?v=ykjnaRRmERc
Hura crepitans
youtube.com/watch?v=xJp52hHIxFI
Hevea brasiliensis
youtube.com/watch?v=7lpymHZGTxo
Ricinus communis
youtube.com/watch?v=lBpmqBsWUI8
Euphorbia hirta
youtube.com/watch?v=oTEzHe62Awo
#Dlium
Kemiri or candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus) is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae, a large tree, up to 40 meters high, up to 1.5 meters tall, the bark is gray and rather rough with lenticels, widespread in tropical areas, the seeds are used as source of oil and spices.
A. moluccanus has young leaves, twigs and flowers decorated with dense star hairs, short and buttery silver in color as if dusted with flour. The crowns of large trees appear whitish or silvery from a distance.
Leaves are single, alternate, dark green, stalk up to 30 cm long with a pair of glands at the tip. The leaves are round or ovoid or oval or triangular, up to 30 cm long, up to 15 cm wide, heart-shaped at the base, 3-5 triangles at the tip and finger bones only at the beginning.
The flowers are in thyrsoid panicles in terminal or terminal axils, 10–20 cm long. The flowers are white, five leaves, short stalks, the female is at the end of an additional umbrella panicle, the male is smaller, blooms first and is in greater quantity. The crown is lanceolate, 5 parts, 6-7 mm long in males and 9-10 mm in females.
Fruit slightly oval and slightly flat, 7 cm, olive green outside with velvety hairs, flesh whitish and does not break. Each fruit has 1-2 seeds, wrapped in a hard and thick shell, slightly flat, up to 3 cm with whitish flakes and rich in oil.
This species grows in tropical climates, elevations up to 2000 meters, temperatures of 19-30C and rather dry conditions during the dry season. It grows well near rivers with moist soil and rainfall of 640-4290 mm/year.....................................
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Aleurites J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. in Char. Gen. Pl., ed. 2.: 111 (1776)
Species: Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 590 (1805)
Homotypic Synonyms
Camerium moluccanum (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 595 (1891)
Jatropha moluccana L. in Sp. Pl.: 1006 (1753)
Mallotus moluccanus (L.) Müll.Arg. in Linnaea 34: 185 (1865)
Mallotus moluccanus var. genuinus Müll.Arg. (1865)
Manihot moluccana (L.) Crantz in Inst. Rei Herb. 1: 167 (1766)
Rottlera moluccana (L.) Scheff. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 122 (1869)
Heterotypic Synonyms
Aleurites ambinux Pers. in Syn. Pl. 2: 579 (1807)
Aleurites angustifolius Vieill. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 16: 60 (1862)
Aleurites commutatus Geiseler in Croton. Monogr.: 82 (1807)
Aleurites cordifolius (Gaertn.) Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 1: 49 (1840)
Aleurites integrifolius Vieill. (1862)
Aleurites javanicus Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 60: 27 (1913)
Aleurites lanceolatus Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 757 (1837)
Aleurites lobatus Blanco (1837)
Aleurites moluccanus var. aulanii O.Deg. & I.Deg. in Phytologia 21: 316 (1971)
Aleurites moluccanus var. floccosus Airy Shaw in Kew Bull. 20: 26, 393 (1966)
Aleurites moluccanus var. katoi O.Deg., I.Deg. & B.S.Stone in Phytologia 21: 315 (1971)
Aleurites moluccanus var. remyi (Sherff) B.C.Stone in Pacific Sci. 21: 553 (1967)
Aleurites moluccanus var. serotinus O.Deg. & Sherff in Amer. J. Bot. 38: 57 (1951)
Aleurites pentaphyllus Benth. in N.Wallich, Numer. List: n.° 7959 (1847), nom. nud.
Aleurites remyi Sherff in Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17: 558 (1939)
Aleurites trilobus J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. in Char. Gen. Pl., ed. 2.: 112 (1776)
Camirium cordifolium Gaertn. in Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 194 (1791)
Camirium oleosum Reinw. ex Blume in Catalogus: 104 (1823)
Dryandra oleifera Lam. in Encycl. 2: 329 (1786)
Ricinus dicoccus Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 690 (1832)
Telopea perspicua Sol. ex Seem. in Fl. Vit.: 223 (1867)
Juglans camirum Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 573 (1790)
Publications
George, A.S., Orchard, A.E. & Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
Batak: Gambiri, Hambiri
Belitung: Kumbe
Bugis: Pelleng
Dayak: Kaminting
English: Candlenut, Candle Nut, Kemiri, Candleberry, Indian walnut
Gayo: Kemili
Indonesian: Kemiri
Javanese: Miri, Pidekan, Dèrèkan
Lampung: Kemiling
Madura: Kamèrè, Komèrè, Mèrè
Maluku: Kumiri
Nias: Buah kareh
Nusa Tenggara: Tenu
Selayar: Damiu
Sulawesi: Berau
Sunda: Muncang
Learn more: dlium.com/2020/08/candlenut-aleurites-moluccanus.html
Location: Dlingo, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: dlium.com
