Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum! Sky Scholar 2022-12-26 | The Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3wIs the Sun a Gas? The Standard Solar Model Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=QDFPx6zVxSwIs the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKioJ.S. Ames, The Spectrum Researches of Professor J.M. Eder and E. Vallenta, Astrophys. J. 1895, 1, 443-446.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1895ApJ.....1..443AM. Saha, Ionization of the Solar Chromosphere, Phil. Mag. 1920, 40, 479-488.http://www.saha.ac.in/web/images/library/digitised%20doc/papers/Page%2038.pdfJ.A. Anderson, The Vacuum Spark Spectrum of Calcium, Astrophys. J. 1924, 59, 76-96. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1924ApJ....59...76AC.M. Olmstead, Sun-Spot Bands Which Appear in the Spectrum of a Calcium Arc Burning in the Presence of Hydrogen, Astrophys. J., 1908, 27, 66-69. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1908ApJ....27...66OA.V. Demura, Physical Models of Plasma Microfield, Int. J. Spectros. 2010, 671073, pp42. hindawi.com/journals/ijs/2010/671073H. Zirin, The mystery of the chromosphere. Solar Phys., 1996, v. 169,313–326. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1996SoPh..169..313ZG. Tsiropoula G., et al. Solar fine-scale structures I. Spicules and other small-scale, jet-like events at the chromospheric level: Observations and physical parameters. Space Sci. Rev. 2012, 169, 181–244.arxiv.org/pdf/1207.3956.pdfP.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Chromosphere, Progress Phys. 2013, 3, L15-L21. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L6.PDFD. Nield, How Paint and a Speaker Could Explain The Physics of The Sun's Plasma Jets, March 13, 2022.sciencealert.com/jets-of-plasma-on-the-sun-are-like-paint-on-a-vibrating-speakerSpicules in H-AlphaCredit: Big Bear Solar Observatoryλhttp://www.bbso.njit.edu/images.htmlJ.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New Window for Spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382(6592), 588.J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The Second Solar Spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun, Astro. Astrophysics 1997, 321, 927-934.J.O. Stenflo et al., Anomalous polarization effects due to coherent scattering on the Sun. Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355 789-803.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2000A%26A...355..789S J.O. Stenflo, Polarization of the Sun’s continuous spectrum, A & A, 2005, 429, 713-730. aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2005/02/aa1667.pdfP.M. Robitaille, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum – Further implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDFSecond Solar SpectrumA.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum, Istituto ricerche solari Aldo e Cele Daccò, Locarno.https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfDigital Fraunhofer Spectrumhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpSolar abundance dataarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
White Dwarf Stars: NOT the Answer to Stellar Life Cycles and Supernovae? Sky Scholar 2024-03-25 | J.B. Holberg, Sirius Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky, Springer, New York, 2007.J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFJ.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, 87-97.S. Ichimaru, Statistical Plasma Physics — Volume II: Condensed Plas-mas, Addison-Westly, Redwood, CA, 1991 (reprinted by WestviewPress, Boulder, CO, 2004).S. Ichimaru and H. Kitamura, Pycnonuclear reactions in dense astro-physical and fusion plasmas. Phys. Plasmas, 1999, v. 6, no. 7, 2649–2671.S. Ichimaru, Radiative proton-capture of high-Z nuclei in the sun and inliquid-metallic hydrogen. Phys. Let. A, 2000, v. 266, 167–172.J.H. Jeans, Problems of Cosmogony and Stellar Dynamics — Beingan Essay to which the Adams Prize of the University of Cambridgefor the year 1917 was Adjudged. Cambridge University Press, 1919.J.H. Jeans, Astronomy and Cosmogony. Cambridge University Press,1928.J.H. Jeans, The Universe Around Us. 1st Edition, Cambridge Univer-sity Press, 1933.R. Kippenhahn and A. Weigert, Stellar Structure and Evolution, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994.M.S. Dresselhaus. and G. Dresselhaus, Intercalation compounds ofgraphite. Adv. Phys., 2002, v. 1, no. 1, 1–186.L. Pietronero and E. Tosatti, Physics of intercalation compounds.Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1981.H. Zabel and S.A. Solin, Graphite intercalation compounds I: Structureand dynamics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990.M.S. Dresselhaus and R. Kalish, Ion implantation in diamond, graphiteand related materials. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992.T. Enoki, M. Suzuki and M. Endo Graphite intercalation compoundsand applications. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K., 2003.W.H. Martin and J.E. Brocklehurst, The thermal expansion behaviorof pyrolytic graphite-bromine residue compounds. Carbon, 1964, v. 1,no. 2, 133–141.B. Hou, et al., Rapid preparation of expanded graphite at low temperature, New Carbon Materials 2020, 35(3), 262-268.The Final Stages of the Evolution of a Sun-like Starhttps://www.e-education.psu.edu/astro801/book/export/html/1827K. Werner, T. Rauch and J. W. Kruk, The hot white dwarf in the peculiar binary nucleus of the planetary nebula EGB 6, Astron. Astrophys. 2018, 616, A73 (6 pp.).S. Vennes, et al., An unusual white dwarf star may be a surviving remnant of a subluminous Type Ia supernova, Science 2017, 357(6352), 680-683.K. Werner, Central stars of planetary nebulae: The white dwarf connection, Planetary Nebulae: An Eye to the Future, (A. Manchado, L. Stanghellini & D. Schonberner, eds.), Proc. IAU Symp. 2011, 283, 196-203.G.H. Darwin, The stability of the pear-shaped figure of equilibriumof a rotating mass of liquid. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A, 1903,v.200, 251–314.S. Chandrasekhar, Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium, Dover Publications, New York, 1987.The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERYEXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8Car Salesmen or Astronomers? Temperature & Red Shifts in Sirius B!youtube.com/watch?v=st6bxU6WmPEThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
White Dwarf Metallic Lines: Simple Explanations, or Complex Excuses? Sky Scholar 2024-03-19 | D. Saumon, S. Blouin, P.E. Tremblay, Current Challenges in the physics of white dwarf stars, Physics Reports 2022, 988, 1-63.J. Greenstein, The velocity, redshift, and pressure shift of van Maanen 2, Astrophys. J. 1972, 173, 377-384.V. Weidemann, The atmosphere of the white dwarf van Maanen 2, Astrophys. J. 1960, 131, 638-663.S.P. Preval, et al., A far-UV survey of three hot, metal-polluted white dwarf stars: WD0455-282, WD0621-376, and WD2211-495, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2019, 487, 3470-3487.B.L. Klein, et al, Discovery of beryllium in white dwarfs polluted by planetesimal accretion, Astrophys. J. 2021, 914, 61(17pp).S. Coutu, et al., Analysis of helium-rich white dwarfs polluted by heavy elements in the Gaia era, Astrophys. J. 2019, 885, 74(22pp).L.K. Rogers, et al., WD0141-675: A case study on how to follow-up astrometric planet candidates around white dwarfs, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2023, 527, 977-990.B. Zuckerman, D. Koester, I.N. Reid, and M, Hunsch, Metal Lines in White Dwarfs, Astrophys. J. 2003, 596, 477-495.P. Chayer, G. Fontaine, and F Wesemael, Radiative Levitation in Hot White Dwarfs: Equilibrium Theory, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 1995, 99, 189-221.P. Chayer and, J. Dupuis, Effect of Radiative Levitation on Calculations of Accretion Rates in White Dwarfs, AIP Conf. Proc. 2010, 1273, 394–399.R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.AZO Materials, Characterizing Diamonds with FT-IR Spectroscopy.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=15224The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERYEXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8Car Salesmen or Astronomers? Temperature & Red Shifts in Sirius B!youtube.com/watch?v=st6bxU6WmPEWhite Dwarfs AREN'T Hyper Dense? Quasi-molecules and Spectroscopic Proof!youtube.com/watch?v=sEz71ULRqEAHelium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYYThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
White Dwarfs ARENT Hyper Dense? Quasi-molecules and Spectroscopic Proof! Sky Scholar 2024-03-09 | J.B. Holberg, Sirius Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky, Springer, New York, 2007.J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.S.R.G. Joyce, M.A. Barstow, J.B. Holberg, H.E. Bond, S.L. Casewell, and M.R. Burleigh, The gravitational redshift of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2018, 481, 2361-2370.K. Kidder, J.B. Holberg, and F. Wesemael, A new temperature determination for Sirius B from IUE: Implications for the observed soft X-rays, Lecture Notes on Physics: White Dwarfs, Springer, 2005, 350-353.J. Halenka, W. Olchawa, J. Madej, and B. Grabowski, Pressure shift and gravitational redshift of Balmer lines in white dwarfs: Rediscussion, Astrophys. J. 2015, 808, 131(10pp).M. Lemke, Extended VCS Stark broadening tables for hydrogen – Lyman to Bracket series, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 1997, 122, 285-292.D. Koester, V. Weidemann, E.-M. Zeidler-K.T., and G. Vauclair, The explanation of 1400 and 1600 Å Features in DA white dwarfs, Astron. Astrophys. 1985, 142, L5-L8.E.P. Neland and G. Wegner, Identification of the 1400 and 1600 Å features observed in the ultraviolet spectra of DA white dwarfs. Astrophys. J. 1985, 289, L31-L33.J.L. Greenstein, An absorption line in the ultraviolet spectrum of 40 Eridani B, Astrophys. J. 1980, 241, L89-L93.J.F. Kielkopf and N.F. Allard, Satellites on Lyman Alpha due to H-H and H-H+ collisions, Astrophys. J. 1995, 450, L75-L78.H. Holweger, D. Koester, and N.F. Allard, Identification of the 1600 Å feature in Lambda Bootis stars, Astron. Astrophys. 1994, 290, L21-L24.C. Thom and B.K. Gibson, N. Christlieb, A catalog of field horizontal branch stars aligned with high-velocity clouds, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 2005, 161, 147-153.M. Jaschek, B. Bascheck, C. Jaschek, and A. Heck, Observation of λλ 1600 and 3040 features in the spectra of field horizontal branch stars, Astron. Astrophys. 1985, 152, 439-440.R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2009, p. 195.A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERYEXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8Car Salesmen or Astronomers? Temperature & Red Shifts in Sirius B!youtube.com/watch?v=st6bxU6WmPEDoes the Sun have a Charge?youtube.com/watch?v=yCPQamGVTeQAstrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BMThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Car Salesmen or Astronomers? Temperature & Red Shifts in Sirius B! Sky Scholar 2024-02-22 | J.B. Holberg, Sirius Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky, Springer, New York, 2007.J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.R. Mewe, J. Heise, E.H.B.M. Gronenschild, A.C. Brinkman, J. Schrijver, and A.J.F. den Boggende, Detection of X-ray emission from stellar coronae with ANS, Astrophys. J. Letters 1975, 202, L67-L71. C. Martin, G. Basri, M. Lampton, and S.M. Khan, The soft X-ray spectrum of Sirius B: Evidence for the photospheric hypothesis, Astrophys. J. 1982, 261, L81-L85.F.B.S. Paerels, J.A.M. Bleeker, A.C. Brinkman, and J. Heise, The High-Resolution Photospheric Soft X-Ray Spectrum of Sirius B, Astrophys. J. 1988, 329, 849-862.J.B. Holberg, M.A. Barstow, F.C. Bruhweiler, A.M. Cruise and A.J. Penny, Sirius B: A new, more accurate view, Astrophys. J. 1998, 497, 935-942.J.L. Greenstein, J.B. Oke, H.L. Shipman, Effective temperature, radius, and gravitational red shift of Sirius B, Astrophys. J. 1971, 169, 563-566.M.A. Barstow, M.R. Burleigh, J.R. Holberg, I. Hubeny, H.E. Bond, and D. Koester, HST observations of the Sirius B Balmer lines, 14th Eur. Workshop on White Dwarfs, ASP Conf. Ser. 2005, 334, 175-180.M.A. Barstow, H.E. Bond, J.R. Holberg, M.R. Burleigh, I. Hubeny, H.E. and D. Koester, Hubble Space Telescope spectroscopy of the Balmer lines of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2005, 362, 1134-1142.M.A. Barstow, S. Joyce, S.L. Casewell, J.B. Holberg, H.E. Bond, andM.R. Burleigh, Sirius B: Confronting the Limits of our Understanding of White Dwarfs, 20th European White Dwarf Workshop, 2017, 509, 383-387.H.E. Bond, G.H. Schaefer, R.L. Gilliland, J.B. Holberg, B.D. Mason, I.W. Lindenblad, M. Seitz-McLeese, W.D. Arnett, P. Demarque, F. Spada, P.A. Young, M. A. Barstow, M.R. Burleigh, and D. Dudehus, The Sirius system and its astrophysical puzzles: Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based astrometry, Astrophys. J. 2017, 840, 70 (17 pp).S.R.G. Joyce, M.A. Barstow, J.B. Holberg, H.E. Bond, S.L. Casewell, and M.R. Burleigh, The gravitational redshift of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2018, 481, 2361-2370.R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERYEXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts? Sky Scholar 2024-02-02 | J.B. Holberg, Sirius Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky, Springer, New York, 2007.J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.D. Saumon, S. Blouin, and P.E. Tremblay, Current challenges in the physics of white dwarf stars, Physics Reports, 2022, 988, 1-63.V. Chandra, H.-C. Hwang, N.L. Zakamska, and S. Cheng, A gravitational redshift measurement of the white dwarf mass-radius relation, Astrophys. J. 2020, 999, 146 (9pp) L.K. Rogers et al., WE0141-675: A case study on how to follow-up astrometric candidates around white dwarfs, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2024, 527, 977-990.A.S. Adams, The relativity displacement of the spectral lines in the companion of Sirius, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1925, 11, 382-387.J.H. Moore, Recent spectrographic observations of the companion of Sirius, Pub. Astron. Soc. Pac. 1928, 40, 229-233.D.M. Popper, Red shift in the spectrum of 40 Eridani B, Astrophys. J. 1954, 120, 316-321.J.L. Greenstein and V. Trimble, The gravitational redshift of 40 Eridani B, Astrophys. J. 1972, 175, L1-L5.J.L. Greenstein, and V.L. Trimble, The Einstein Redshift in White Dwarfs, Astrophys. J. 1967, 149, 283-298. P. Chayer, G. Fontaine, and F Wesemael, Radiative Levitation in Hot White Dwarfs: Equilibrium Theory, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 1995, 99, 189-221.P. Chayer and, J. Dupuis, Effect of Radiative Levitation on Calculations of Accretion Rates in White Dwarfs, AIP Conf. Proc. 2010, 1273, 394–399.D. Aumiler, T. Ban, and G. Pichler, High-resolution measurements of the pressure broadening and shift of the rubidium 52S1∕2–62P3∕2 line by argon and helium, Phys. Rev. A 2004, 70, 032723 – Published 30 September 2004M.A. Bouchiat, J. Brossel, P. Mora, and L. Pottier, Properties of rubidium-argon Van der Waals molecules from the relaxation of polarized Rb atoms, J. Phys. France 1975, 36, 1075-1077.S. Ch'en and M. Takeo, Broadening and Shift of Spectral Lines Due to the Presence of Foreign Gases, Rev. Mod. Phys. 1957, 29, 20.R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERYEXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Demysticon 2024 in Austin, Texas: Attend, live stream, or sponsor! Sky Scholar 2024-01-26 | Paris Herouni The silence of starsyoutube.com/watch?v=qEflSo3JXQ0The Herouni Antenna - The Death of the Big Bang!youtube.com/watch?v=p8lKQMEYYLwKirchhoff vs Herouni's Antenna!youtube.com/watch?v=ZrwS7byg4EcLink to ticketing for Demysticon:demysticon@gmail.comDottieWood StudiosAustin, TX, USA Austin, TX 78754April 7 · 10am - April 8 · 2pm CDTBlock of rooms: North Central Austin Holiday Inn Expresseventbrite.com/e/demysticon-2024-tickets-727054969987 Link to the DemystifySci Podcast:youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0wBlock of rooms: North Central Austin Holiday Inn ExpressSUMMARY OF OTHER SPEAKERS!Alberto Martinez:A Professor of the History of Science and Mathematics UT Austin. He is a former research fellow at The Smithsonian, M.I.T., Harvard, Boston University, and Caltech and has written extensively on the interface between cults, science, mathematics, the history of money and corruption. He will speak on how the last century of physics has gone astray.Thad Roberts:A former NASA engineer and researcher at the Quantum Space Theory Institute. He is a theoretical physicist who now champions his own think tank called the “Physics Monastery.” He will speak about what theoretical physics can tell us about the material reality of nature - all equations that describe nature must all be pointing to some universal reference. The identity of this substrate can be derived if we understand what the equations actually mean. He believes that this may be the most fruitful path to unification of relativity with the quantum world.Michael Levin:The Vannevar Bush Distinguished Professor at Tufts University, he is a world renowned developmental and synthetic biologist. Levin also serves as the director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University and Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology. The Levin lab integrates approaches from developmental biology, computer science, and cognitive science to investigate the emergence of form and function.Dr. Levin will speak on the biological philosophy (embodied cognition of cells) that underpins his work.Michael Shilo Delay & Anastasia Bendebury:The creators of DemystifySci will also hold a workshop session covering topics from their forthcoming book, Material Atomics, where they examine big questions from the history of physics. They will discuss how we lose material mediators in fundamental physics - how did math come to replace mechanics. They are also interested in how the future of science/tech might benefit from a revitalization of mechanics in particle physics, astrophysics, & cosmology.Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
EXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics! Sky Scholar 2024-01-20 | P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter — The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 4, 90-142.P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution - I: The Journey to a Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 3-25.P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans' Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 41-59.A.S. Eddington, The Internal Constitution of the Stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926.A.S. Eddington, Stars and Atoms. Yale University Press, New Haven,1927.G. Srinivasan, From White Dwarfs to Black Holes: The Legacy of S. Chandrasekhar, University of Chicago Press, 1996.Remembering Chandra, The University of Chicago Chronicles, Oct. 12, 1995Vol. 15, No. 3. https://chronicle.uchicago.edu/951012/chandra.shtmlK.C. Wali, Chandrasekhar: The Man Behind the Legend – Chandra Remembered. London: Imperial College Press, 1997.D. Giordano, et al., Fluid statics of a self-gravitating isothermal sphere of van der Waals’ gas, Dec. 27, 2023, arXiv:2311.12150v2E. Wigner and H.B. Huntington, On the possibility of a metallic modification of hydrogen. J. Chem. Phys., 1935, v.3, 764–770.S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Eddington’s mass-luminosity relation and the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 353-357.The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERYReactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-kHow are Stars Formed? The Standard Model: Gravitational Collapse, Black Holes, and The Big Bang! youtube.com/watch?v=LoqsG7V13G8Does Gravitational Collapse Occur? Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics! youtube.com/watch?v=DtMee3rrHDYThermodynamics and the Virial Theorem - Do's and Don'ts!youtube.com/watch?v=HSUtQ6LKXucThe Jeans' Mass - Imaginary Surfaces and the Great Swindle of Astrophysics! youtube.com/watch?v=udqNWpbL9dAThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKMThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
A Star is Born: Gravitational Collapse vs Condensation Reactions! Sky Scholar 2024-01-02 | J.H. Jeans, I. The stability of a spherical nebula, Philosophical Transactions, 1902, 199(312), 1-53.The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20How are Stars Formed? The Standard Model: Gravitational Collapse, Black Holes, and The Big Bang! youtube.com/watch?v=LoqsG7V13G8Does Gravitational Collapse Occur? Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics! youtube.com/watch?v=DtMee3rrHDYThermodynamics and the Virial Theorem - Do's and Don'ts!youtube.com/watch?v=HSUtQ6LKXucThe Jeans' Mass - Imaginary Surfaces and the Great Swindle of Astrophysics! youtube.com/watch?v=udqNWpbL9dAEnergy Partition in the Sun - Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model!youtube.com/watch?v=k0R9S4HFDrgReactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-kThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKMR. Clampitt and L. Gowland, Clustering of cold hydrogen gas on protons, Nature 1969, 223(5208), 815-816.R. Clampitt and D.K. Jefferies, Ion Clusters, Nature 1970, 226(5241), 141-142.N.J. Kirchner, M.T. Bowers, An experimental study of the formation and reactivity of ionic hydrogen clusters: The first observation and characterization of even clusters H4+, H6+, H8+, and H10+, J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86(3), 1301-1310.S. Litting, H3+: The Molecule that Made the Universe, April 11, 2012.https://news.arizona.edu/story/h3-the-molecule-that-made-the-universe J. Tennyson and S. Miller, Hydrogen molecular ions:H+3, H+5and beyond, Phil. Trans. A 2018, 377, 20180395.Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure? Sky Scholar 2023-12-03 | P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles’ Heel of the Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 93-99. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDFS. Basu, Plot Thickens in Solar Opacity Debate, Physics 2019, 12, 65.physics.aps.org/articles/v12/65R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.N. Ashcroft, Optical response near a band overlap: Application to dense hydrogen, in “Molecular Systems Under High Pressure” (R. Pucci and G. Piccitto, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, North-Holland, 1991.P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans’ Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 41-59. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDFJ.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, 87-97.A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, The Observatory, 1920, 43, 341-358.The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Introduction to the Stars!youtube.com/watch?v=hjucRZpMldIHow Bright is a Star? Stellar Magnitude Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=wqYSTUI0hpIWhat Colors are the Stars? Luminosity, Color, and Temperature Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=CkDjQj_hdZwDifferent Star Types? The HR Diagram Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=H4h4rfGDxkkBlackbody Radiation: the Laws of Stefan, Wien, and Planck! ·youtube.com/watch?v=h5jOAw57OXMThe Solar Spectrum Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT0The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model!youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6QWhat is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum!youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TEThe Sun is NOT a Gaseous Plasma! The LMH Solar Model!youtube.com/watch?v=3bQ1zSfbExoExperimental Supporting Evidence - Lattice Confinement Fusion Reactions & the Sun! youtube.com/watch?v=080YgC45EJ8Water, Nuclear Bombs, and the Microwave Background!youtube.com/watch?v=E1-8ADuETGwThe Herouni Antenna - The Death of the Big Bang!youtube.com/watch?v=p8lKQMEYYLwThis Stanford site places the density of the photosphere at 10^-9 g/cm^3!http://solar-center.stanford.edu/vitalstats.htmlThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Sun is a Liquid?! The Best Evidence! Sky Scholar 2023-09-29 | Last year, I had intended to produce a video on the most important Fraunhofer lines, as one can find listed in Wikipedia: (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraunhofer_lines). However, I decided to concentrate on the lattice and the stars. Still, I wanted to highlight that two very strong Fe I lines, namely at 302.108 nm (3d6 4s2 to 3d7 4p) and 466.814 nm (3d6 4s 4p to 3d7 5s) involve highly unexpected two electron transitions! In the laboratory, these lines were measured in an air atmosphere, thereby permitting the Fe I atom to interact with other atoms facilitating these transitions. However, such interactions are impossible in the Standard Solar Model, as the densities predicted for the photosphere are much too low. This highlights once again, that the densities inferred by the Standard Solar Model are invalid and that it is highly likely that interatomic interactions are taking place above the photosphere which may well involve the presence of condensed matter.Secondly, I had also wanted to discuss the 3rd solar spectrum. This is a highly intriguing spectrum which compares the intensity of Fraunhofer lines at the limb of the Sun versus the disk. I have chosen not to cover this subject and simply notify others of its importance. Here are the key links:aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2015/01/aa24685-14/aa24685-14.htmlhttps://www.irsol.usi.ch/blog/clv-ss3/Link to DemystiCon 2024:eventbrite.com/e/demysticon-2024-tickets-727054969987Unzicker: The Sun is Liquid. Because you Believe in Evidence.youtube.com/watch?v=y2NJrFMGHQwUnzicker On Robitaille's Solar Modelyoutube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4IThe Liquid Sun - A coming Revolution in Astrophysicsyoutube.com/watch?v=H7vCCSgSeQIMaterial Basis of Stars Revisited - Dr. Alexander Unzicker, Theoretical Physicistyoutube.com/watch?v=J4W6pvHlT7UPatrick Vanraes, Annemie Bogaerts; Plasma physics of liquids—A focused review. Applied Physics Reviews 1 September 2018; 5 (3): 031103. doi.org/10.1063/1.5020511P.-M.L. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block. Prog. Phys. 2013, 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFA.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, X-ray flare sparks quake inside Sun, Nature 1998, v. 393, 317–318.nature.com/articles/30629A.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, Seismic response to solar flares: Theoretical predictions, Proc. 4th SOHO Workshop, Helioseismology, ESA SP-376, ESTEC, Noordwijk, 1995.http://quake.stanford.edu/~sasha/PAPERS/flare_pap.pdfP.-M.L. Robitaille, The Collapse of the Big Bang and the Gaseous Sun, New York Times, March 17, 2002, p. A12. web.archive.org/web/20030308161547/http://www.thermalphysics.org/pdf/times.pdfP.-M.L. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles' Heel of the Gaseous Sun. Progr. Phys., 2011, v. 3, 93-99.http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDFResponding to Loose Ends!youtube.com/watch?v=eRuq04RSpwIDoes the sun have a surface? Transverse waves, Helioseismology, CMEs, X-Rays and Flares!youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_kDoes the Sun have a surface? Solar tornadoes, Radius, Oblateness, and Differential Rotation!youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTEDoes the Sun have a Surface? The Chromosphere and Spicules!youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8The Solar Spectrum Explained! youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT0The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6QWhat is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TEEvidence of Solar Structure: Sunspots, Granules, Faculae, and Limb Darkening!youtube.com/watch?v=5sazKR1Mi00Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Sky Scholar - A Coming Revolution?! Sky Scholar 2023-06-24 | THE BOOK: amazon.com/Liquid-Sun-Coming-Revolution-Astrophysics/dp/B0C6W39PGQhttp://alexander-unzicker.com/cv.htmlThe Liquid Sun: A Coming Revolution in Astrophysics:amazon.comUnzicker on Robitaille’s Solar Model, Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 26, 2014, Bamberg, Germany, youtube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4IReal Physics Talk: Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Munich 2019youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Special Theory of Relativity: Circles vs Ellipses! Sky Scholar 2023-05-31 | S.J. Crothers, The General Theory of Relativity: Its Faulty Mathematical Foundationsyoutube.com/watch?v=0CSL702JSdYA. Einstein, ‘On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies’, Annalen der Physik 1905, 17, 891-921. https://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/H. Minkowski, ‘Space and Time’, an Address delivered at the 80th Assembly of German Natural Scientists and Physicians, at Cologne, 21 September, 1908.en.wikisource.org/wiki/Translation:Space_and_TimeCrothers, S. J., On the General Solution to Einstein's Vacuum Field and Its Implications for Relativistic Degeneracy, Progress in Physics, v.1, pp.68-73, (2005), http://vixra.org/pdf/1012.0018.pdfCrothers, S.J., On Corda's 'Clarification' of Schwarzschild's Solution, Hadronic Journal, Vol. 39, 2016, http://vixra.org/pdf/1602.0221v4.pdfCrothers, S.J. The Painlevé-Gullstrand 'Extension' - A Black Hole Fallacy, American Journal of Modern Physics, v.5 pp33-39, (2016), vixra.org/pdf/1512.0089v1.pdfCrothers, S.J., Special Relativity and the Lorentz Sphere, Physics Essays, V.33, No.1, p.15, 2020, http://vixra.org/pdf/1911.0013v2.pdfG. Ricci-Curbastro, T. Levi-Civita, Matematische Annalen, B. 54, 162, (1901)A. Einstein, The Field Equations of Gravitation, Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, 1915 (part 2), 844-847,en.wikisource.org/wiki/Translation:The_Field_Equations_of_GravitationCrothers, S.J. Proof that Einstein’s field equations are invalid: Exposition of the unimodular defect, Physics Essays, Volume 34: Pages 420-428, 2021,vixra.org/pdf/2206.0082v1.pdfCrothers, S. J., The Einstein and Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensors—A mathematical note on existence, Physics Essays, Volume 33: Pages 268-270, 2020, http://vixra.org/pdf/2001.0531v1.pdfThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Condensed matter in the corona! Implications for the slow solar wind! Sky Scholar 2023-05-13 | Helium, Fireflies & The Sun: Helium as a Group IIA Element & the Temperature of the Coronayoutube.com/watch?v=KZTrscf061sHelium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYYTOTAL ECLIPSE! Close-up Photography August 21st 2017!youtube.com/watch?v=WFbCqim4YfcHelium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYYIs the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKioThe Chromosphere: COLDER than you thought! Evidence from Carbon Monoxide Absorption Lines!youtube.com/watch?v=5xdjoluC3MMIs the Sun a Gas? The Standard Solar Model Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=QDFPx6zVxSwIntercalate Zones in the Sun and Stars!youtube.com/watch?v=p-VZvIyddaoThe Sun is NOT a Gaseous Plasma! The LMH Solar Model!youtube.com/watch?v=3bQ1zSfbExoThe Hydrogen Phase Diagram & Evidence for the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=cdmD_R3fROUsolarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/images/helmet_streamer.jpghttp://umbra.nascom.nasa.gov/spartan/the_corona.htmlP.-M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, Dynamics of the Solar Wind: Eugene Parker's Treatment and the Laws of Thermodynamics, Physics Essays 2019, 32(1), 1-4.J.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, 87-97.http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-14.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 60-74. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter — The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.M. Robitaille and D. Rabounski, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum — Further Implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Mode, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDFNASA: What is a Solar Flare? (accessed 5/11/2023)hesperia.gsfc.nasa.gov/sftheory/frame1.htmDegree of Ionization for Helium using SAHA Equationhttps://www.aoc.nrao.edu/~smyers/courses/astro12/solution3.htmlThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Helium, Fireflies & The Sun: Helium as a Group IIA Element & the Temperature of the Corona Sky Scholar 2023-04-28 | Helium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYYHelium, the Chromosphere, and the Electron Thief!youtube.com/watch?v=AddRHEUYvwoReactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!Åyoutube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-kIs the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKioyoutube.com/watch?v=5xdjoluC3MMThe Chromosphere: COLDER than you thought! Evidence from Carbon Monoxide Absorption Lines!H. Zirin, The Solar Atmosphere, Blaisdell Publishing Co., Waltham, MA, 1966, (see fig. 9.2, p. 215).C. Bazin and S. Koutchmy, Helium shells and faint emission lines from slitless flash spectra, J. Adv. Res. Cairo University, 2013, 4, 307-313.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4295049/pdf/main.pdfC. Bazin, S. Koutchmy, E. Tavabi, The He I and He II chromospheric shells and the Transition Region, arXiv:1008.0404 [astro-ph.SR].arxiv.org/pdf/1008.0404.pdfP.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Chromosphere. Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L15-L21. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L6.PDFP.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere VI. Helium in the Chromosphere. Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L26-L29. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L8.PDFP.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Corona. Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L22-L25. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L7.PDFP.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere VII. Further Insights into the Chromosphere and CoronaProgr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L30-36. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L9.PDFSecond Solar SpectrumA.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrumhttps://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf Digital Fraunhofer Spectrumhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpKatharina Lodders, Solar Elemental Abundances,arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfJ.M. Laming et al., Element Abundances: A New Diagnostic Tools for the Solar Wind, Astrophys. J. 2019, 879(124), 16pp.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab23f1/pdfV.S. Heber et al., Elemental Abundances of Major Elements in the Solar Wind as Measured by Genesis Targets and Implications for Solar Wind Fractionation, Astrophys. J. 2021, 907(15), 16pp.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/abc94a/pdfDegree of Ionization for Helium using SAHA Equationhttps://www.aoc.nrao.edu/~smyers/courses/astro12/solution3.htmlThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Second Solar Spectrum and The Enigmatic Sodium D1 Line Sky Scholar 2023-03-25 | The Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3wGroup IIA Elements: Chromospheric Partial Redistribution vs the Standard Solar Model!youtube.com/watch?v=2bIgttnELgAGroup IIA Elements: Astronomical Guesswork with the Hanle Effectyoutube.com/watch?v=M_3TgbQR4XwElectron configurations, Grotrian Diagrams, and Term Symbolsyoutube.com/watch?v=yNlKrgkBd98Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BMJ.O. Stenflo, C.U. Keller, and A. Gandorfer, Anomalous polarization effects due to coherent scattering on the Sun, Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355, 789-803.J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New window for spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382, 588.J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The second solar spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun. Astron. Astrophys. 1997, 321, 927.J. O. Stenflo, et al., Center-to-limb variation of the enigmatic Na I D1 and D2 polarization profiles, Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355, 781.J. Trujillo Bueno, M. Collados, F. Paletou, and G. Molodij, THEMIS Observations of the Second Solar Spectrum, in Advanced Solar Polarimetry: Theory, Observation, and Instrumentation, (M. Sigwarth, Ed.), ASP Conference Series 2001, 236, 141.V. Bommier and G. Molodij, Some THEMIS-MTR Observations of the Second Solar Spectrum (2000 Campaign), Astron. Astrophys. 2002, 381, 241.M. Bianda, et al., Second Solar Spectrum observations with ZIMPOL, in: Solar Polarization 8, (L. Belluzzi, et al., Eds.) ASP Conference Series 2019, 526, 223.J.O. Stenflo, Physics of polarized scattering at multi-level atomic systems, Astrophys. J. 2015, 801, 70(13 pp).E.A. Ballester, L. Belluzzi, and J.T. Bueno, Solving the paradox of the sodium D1 line polarization, Phys. Rev. Let., 2021, 127,081101. arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2108/2108.08334.pdf (+ supplement).K.N. Nagendra, et al., Importance of angle-dependent partial frequency redistribution in hyperfine structure transitions under the incomplete Paschen-Back effect regime, Astrophys. J. 2020, 898, 49(12pp).K2 absorption bands in the IRG. Herzberg, Textbook of Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure I. Spectra of Diatomic Molecules, 2nd Ed, D. Van Nostrand Co, 1950, p.307archive.org/details/molecularspectra032774mbp/page/n7/mode/2up?view=theaterProperties of K2 calculated down to 100KS. Heimel, Thermodynamic Properties of Potassium to 2100oK, Lewis Research Center, NASA, 1967. ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19670026447/downloads/19670026447.pdfSecond Solar SpectrumA.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrumhttps://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plDigital Fraunhofer Spectrumhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfSolar abundance dataarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The General Theory of Relativity: Its Faulty Mathematical Foundations Sky Scholar 2023-02-28 | A. Einstein, The Field Equations of Gravitation, Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte 1915, (part 2), 844-847. en.wikisource.org/wiki/Translation:The_Field_Equations_of_GravitationT. Levi-Civita, Rendiconti della Reale Accadmeia dei Lincei 1917, 26, 381. http://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/9906004G. Ricci-Curbastro, T. Levi-Civita, Matematische Annalen 1901, B54, 162.S.J. Crothers, On the General Solution to Einstein's Vacuum Field and Its Implications for Relativistic Degeneracy, Progr. Phys. 2005, 1, 68-73. http://www.ptep-online.com/2005/PP-01-09.PDFS.J. Crothers, On Corda's 'Clarification' of Schwarzschild's Solution, Hadronic Journal 2016, 39, http://vixra.org/pdf/1602.0221v4.pdfS.J. Crothers, The Painlevé-Gullstrand 'Extension' -A Black Hole Fallacy, Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2016, 5, 33-39. article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/html/10.11648.j.ajmp.s.2016050101.15.htmlS.J. Crothers, Special Relativity and the Lorentz Sphere, Physics Essays 2020, 33(1), 15. http://vixra.org/pdf/1911.0013v2.pdfS.J. Crothers, Proof that Einstein’s field equations are invalid: Exposition of the unimodular defect, Physics Essays 2021, 34, 420-428.vixra.org/pdf/2206.0082v1.pdfS.J. Crothers, The Einstein and Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensors—A mathematical note on existence, Physics Essays 2020, 33, 268-270.http://vixra.org/pdf/2001.0531v1.pdfThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Group IIA Elements: Astronomical Guesswork with the Hanle Effect Sky Scholar 2023-02-12 | Group IIA Elements: Chromospheric Partial Redistribution vs the Standard Solar Model!youtube.com/watch?v=2bIgttnELgAThe Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3wAstrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BMBeryllium - Hide and Seek in the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=CO8ZBqeMQzsRelative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMMThe MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines! youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2MSpectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphereyoutube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4D.L. Lambert and B. Warner, The Abundances of the Elements in the Solar Photosphere – V: The Alkaline Earths Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 1968, 140, 197-221.https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1968MNRAS.140..197LM. Bianda, et al., Hanle depolarization in the solar chromosphere, Astron. Astrophys. 1998, 331, 760-770.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1998A%26A...331..760BJ.J. Bestard, et al., The Effects of Three-dimensional RadiativeTransfer on the Resonance Polarization of the Ca I 4227 Å Line,Astrophys. J. 2021, 909, 183, (15pp).iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/abd94a/pdfE. Capozzi, et al., The polarization angle in the wings of the Ca I 4227: A new observable for diagnosing unresolved photospheric magnetic fields, Astron. Astrophys. 2022, 657, A44(9 pages).aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2022/01/aa40753-21.pdfL.S. Anusha, et al, Generalization of the last scattering approximation for the second solar spectrum modelling: The Ca I 4227 Å line as a case study, Astrophys. J. 2010, 718, 988-1000.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/718/2/988/pdfC. Sasso, et al., The Mg I b triplet and the 4571 Å line as diagnostics of stellar chromospheric activity, Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 604, A50(8 pages).aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2017/08/aa30676-17.pdfP.J. Mauas, et al., Mg I as a probe of the solar chromosphere: The atomic model, Astrophys. J. 1988, 330, 1008-1021. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1988ApJ...330.1008MY. Chung, et al., Quenching of Spontaneous Einstein Coefficients in Plasmas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 60, 1122. journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1122Y.-C. Chen and J.L. Lebowitz, Quenching of Einstein coefficients in plasmas, Phys. Rev. A 1990, 41, 2127. aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.859615F. Aumayr, et al., Quenching of Einstein Coefficients by photons, J. Phys. B, 1991, 24, 4489-4504. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0953-4075/24/21/005/pdfH. Cao, et al., Quenching A-coefficients by photons in a short discharge tube, J. Phys. B. 1992, 26, 4057-4064. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0953-4075/26/22/011/pdfG.S. Agarwal and S. Das, Electromagnetic field induced modification of branching ratios for emission in structured vacuum, New Journal of Physics 2007, 10, 013014. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/10/1/013014/pdfA. Ruavskyi, Influence of environment on spontaneous emission, Relation 12(1). https://www.rug.nl/research/zernike/education/topmasternanoscience/ns190rudavskyi.pdfSecond Solar SpectrumA.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrumhttps://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfSolar abundance dataarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfDigital Fraunhofer Spectrumhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Electron configurations, Grotrian Diagrams, and Term Symbols Sky Scholar 2023-02-02 | The Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3wAstrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum!youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BMBeryllium - Hide and Seek in the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=CO8ZBqeMQzsRelative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMMThe MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines!youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2MSpectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphereyoutube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4Group IIA Elements: Chromospheric Partial Redistribution vs the Standard Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=2bIgttnELgAG. Herzberg, Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure, Dover Publications, New York, 1944.J. Tennyson, Astronomical Spectroscopy: An Introduction to the Atomic and Molecular Physics of Astronomical Spectra, 2nd Ed, World Scientific, New Jersey, 2011.S.N. Thakur and D.K. Rai, Atom, Laser and Spectroscopy, 2nd Edition, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2013.W. Curdt, et al. The SUMER spectral atlas of solar disk features,Astron. Astrophys. 2001, 375, 591-613.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2001/32/aa10571.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfSolar abundance dataarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfDigital Fraunhofer Spectrumhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Group IIA Elements: Chromospheric Partial Redistribution vs the Standard Solar Model! Sky Scholar 2023-01-17 | The Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3wAstrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum!youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BMBeryllium - Hide and Seek in the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=CO8ZBqeMQzsRelative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMMThe MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines!youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2MSpectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphereyoutube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4G. Herzberg, Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure, Dover Publications, New York, 1944.J. Tennyson, Astronomical Spectroscopy: An Introduction to the Atomic and Molecular Physics of Astronomical Spectra, 2nd Ed, World Scientific, New Jersey, 2011.S.N. Thakur and D.K. Rai, Atom, Laser and Spectroscopy, 2nd Edition, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2013.D.F. Gray, The Observation and Analysis of Stellar Photospheres, Cambridge University Press, 2nd Ed., 1992. H. Zirin, The Solar Atmosphere, Blaisdell Publishing Co., Waltham, MA, 1966.D. Mihalas, Stellar Atmospheres, 2nd Ed, Freeman, San Francisco, 1978.A.E. Bulyshev, et al, Redistribution function for resonance radiation in a hot dense plasma, JETP 1995, 81(1), 113-121.B. Talin, et al, Partial redistribution in high-density, highly ionized plasmas, Astrophys. J. 1987, 322, 804-811.A.V. Demura, et al, Model microfield method for partial redistribution of resonance radiation in dense plasmas, J. Phys. B 1998, 31, 4283-4301.Second Solar SpectrumA.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrumhttps://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfSolar abundance dataarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfDigital Fraunhofer Spectrumβhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpCredit for Mg II Lines: IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research Center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by ESA and the Norwegian Space Centre.iris.lmsal.com/data.htmlAbundance of elements in the earth’s crust and in the sea, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th edition (2016–2017), p. 14-17.Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Beryllium - Hide and Seek in the Sun! Sky Scholar 2023-01-01 | Fraunhofer Lines and Condensed Matter - Even Kirchhoff Agreed!youtube.com/watch?v=saKms3oi-UAThe Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3wRelative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination and the Second Solar Spectrumyoutube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BMJ.L. Greenstein and E. Tandberg-Hansen, The Abundance of Beryllium in the Sun, Astrophys. J. 1954, 119, 113-119.https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1954ApJ...119..113GA.M. Boesgaard, Stellar abundances of lithium, beryllium, and boron, Astron. Soc. of the Pacific 1976, 88, 353-366.https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1976PASP...88..353BY. Takeda, et al., Beryllium Abundances of Solar-Analog Stars, Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 2011, 3,697-713.academic.oup.com/pasj/article/63/3/697/1452096S. Randich and L. Magrini, Light Elements in the Universe.Front. Astron. Space Sci. 2021, 8, 616201.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2021.616201/fullS. Korotin1 and A. Kučinskas, Abundance of beryllium in the Sun and stars: The role of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects, Astron. Astrophys. 2022, 657, L11.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2022/01/aa42789-21.pdfA. Merchant Boesgaard, et al., Lithium and Beryllium in One-solar-mass Stars, Astrophys. J. 2022, 941, 21.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9625/pdfM. Viallet and I. Baraffe, Scenarios to explain extreme Be depletion in solar-like stars: accretion or rotation effects? Astron. Astrophys. 2012, 546, A113. aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2012/10/aa19445-12.pdfJ. Meléndez, Lithium and beryllium in solar twins, Astron. Nachr. 2020, 341, 493–496.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/asna.202013755C.E. Moore, A Multiplet table of Astrophysical Interest, National Bureau of Standards, 1945.nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/NSRDS/nbsnsrds40.pdfR. Shanmugavel et al., Identification of beryllium hydride isotopomer lines in sunspot umbral spectra. Serb. Astron. J. 2008, 176, 51-58.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2008SerAJ.176...51SR. Sangeetha et al., On the effective temperature of sunspot umbrae using beryllium hydride isotopomer lines, Serb. Astron. J. 2009, 179, 95-99.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2009SerAJ.179...95SJ.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New Window for Spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382(6592), 588. nature.com/articles/382588a0J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The Second Solar Spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun, Astro. Astrophysics 1997, 321, 927-934.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1997A%26A...321..927SP.M. Robitaille, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum – Further implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDFSecond Solar SpectrumA.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrumhttps://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfSolar abundance dataarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfDigital Fraunhofer Spectrumhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Relative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective! Sky Scholar 2022-12-12 | P.M. Robitaille, What Elements are in the Sun?youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtEP.M. Robitaille, Seismology & Surface Tension - on the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=mUsN-_65fqgP.M. Robitaille, The Sun is NOT a Gaseous Plasma! The LMH Solar Model!youtube.com/watch?v=3bQ1zSfbExoP.M. Robitaille, Lithium and the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun! youtube.com/watch?v=89aPquGH5RoE. Landau, How Charlotte Moore Sitterly Wrote The Encyclopedia of Starlight, smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-charlotte-moore-sitterly-wrote-encyclopedia-starlight-180973152Image of Charlotte Moore: nist.gov/image/charlottemooresitterlyjpgC.E. Moore, A Multiplet table of Astrophysical Interest, National Bureau of Standards, 1945.nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/NSRDS/nbsnsrds40.pdfA. De Wijn, et al, Robert J. Rutten (1942–2022) Bull. Am. Astro. Soc., 2022, Vol. 54, id. 076. baas.aas.org/pub/2022i076/release/1R.J. Rutten, Compendium Solar Spectrum Formation,arxiv.org/pdf/2103.02369.pdfKatharina Lodders, Solar Elemental Abundances,arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfH.N. Russell, On the composition of the Sun’s atmosphere, Astrophys. J. 1929, 70, 11-82. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1929ApJ....70...11RJ.M. Laming et al., Element Abundances: A New Diagnostic Tools for the Solar Wind, Astrophys. J. 2019, 879(124), 16pp.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab23f1/pdfV.S. Heber et al., Elemental Abundances of Major Elements in the Solar Wind as Measured by Genesis Targets and Implications for Solar Wind Fractionation, Astrophys. J. 2021, 907(15), 16pp.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/abc94a/pdfM.C. Armas et al., Uncertainties in the solar photospheric oxygen abundance, Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 600, A45, 6pp.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2017/04/aa29446-16.pdfP.M. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles’ Heel of the Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 93-99. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDFThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun! Sky Scholar 2022-12-08 | 1 Fraunhofer Lines and Condensed Matter - Even Kirchhoff Agreed!youtube.com/watch?v=saKms3oi-UA2 Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-k3 Helium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere! youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYY4 Is the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKio5 The Chromosphere: COLDER than you thought! Evidence from Carbon Monoxide Absorption Lines! youtube.com/watch?v=5xdjoluC3MM6 Chemical Reactions, the Periodic Table, and the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=-shBQLdGDZQ7 Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMM8 Helium, the Chromosphere, and the Electron Thief!youtube.com/watch?v=AddRHEUYvwo9 What Elements are in the Sun?youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE10 Lithium and the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=89aPquGH5Ro11 The Saha Equation & the Pressure above the Photosphere!youtube.com/watch?v=vt_wnyewBm012 The MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines! youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2M13 Spectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphereyoutube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New Window for Spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382(6592), 588.J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The Second Solar Spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun, Astro. Astrophysics 1997, 321, 927-934.J.O. Stenflo et al., Anomalous polarization effects due to coherent scattering on the Sun. Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355 789-803.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2000A%26A...355..789S J.O. Stenflo, Polarization of the Sun’s continuous spectrum, A & A, 2005, 429, 713-730. aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2005/02/aa1667.pdfP.M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, “The Theory of Heat Radiation” Revisited: A Commentary on the Validity of Kirchhoff’s Law of Thermal Emission and Max Planck’s Claim of Universality, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(2), 120-132. http://www.ptep-online.com/2015/PP-41-04.PDF P.M. Robitaille, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum – Further implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDFA. Gandorfer, A high resolution atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum.APSConference Series, 2001, v. 236, 109–116.https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2001ASPC..236..109GR.M. Sainz and E.L. Degl’Innocenti, A qualitative interpretation of the second solar spectrum of Ti, Astron. Astrophys. 2002, 394, 1093-1101.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2002/42/aa2798.pdfL. Bulluzzi, et al., The physical origin and the diagnostic potential of the scattering polarization of Li I resonance doublet at 6708Å, Atrophys. J. 2009, 705(1), 218-225.Second Solar SpectrumA.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum, Istituto ricerche solari Aldo e Cele Daccò, Locarno.https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdfNIST lines dataphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plSolar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignmentshttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfDigital Fraunhofer Spectrumhttps://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpSolar abundance dataarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdfP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Responding to Loose Ends! Sky Scholar 2022-10-18 | P.-M.L. Robitaille, The Solar Photosphere: Evidence for Condensed Matter. Progr. Phys. 2006, 2, 17-21.http://ptep-online.com/2006/PP-05-04.PDFP.-M.L. Robitaille, A High Temperature Liquid Plasma Model of the Sun. Prog. Phys. 2007, 1, 70-81.http://ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-12.PDFP.-M.L. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun. Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74. http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFP.-M.L. Robitaille, On the Presence of a Distinct Solar Surface: A Reply to Hervé Faye. Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 75-78. http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-08.PDFP.-M.L. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block. Prog. Phys. 2013, 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.-M.L. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles' Heel of the Gaseous Sun. Progr. Phys., 2011, v. 3, 93-99.http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDFDoes the sun have a surface? Transverse waves, Helioseismology, CMEs, X-Rays and Flares!youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_kDoes the Sun have a surface? Solar tornadoes, Radius, Oblateness, and Differential Rotation!youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTEDoes the Sun have a Surface? The Chromosphere and Spicules!youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8The Solar Spectrum Explained! youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT0The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6QWhat is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TEEvidence of Solar Structure: Sunspots, Granules, Faculae, and Limb Darkening!youtube.com/watch?v=5sazKR1Mi00J.M. Williamson and C.A. DeJoseph, Determination of gas temperature in an open-air atmospheric pressure plasma torch from resolved plasma emission. J. Appl. Phys. 2003, 93, 1893.aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1536736S. Chandrasekhar, Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Reprint of the 1939 Edition). Dover Publications, Inc., 1957.Pierre-Marie Robitaille Debunks "Professor" Dave! - The Sunyoutube.com/watch?v=JRrTvP95kf4See the Pattern: UNEXPLAINED Problems with the Sun - LMH Sun Part 1youtube.com/watch?v=cYNDL7xD7l4See the Pattern: Have We Produced Metallic Hydrogen? LMH Sun Part 2youtube.com/watch?v=1hVfwqgpGsISee the Pattern: An Alternative Model for the Sun? LMH Sun Part 3youtube.com/watch?v=Tb6JcQqrZ9kUnzicker On Robitaille's Solar Modelyoutube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4IScott Manley: The Giant Hogg Horn That Discovered the Big Bangyoutube.com/watch?v=6RFRRRJxLmkThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Three Honest Astronomers Agree - The Black Hole Image is an Artifact?! Sky Scholar 2022-07-16 | M. Miyoshi, Y. Kato, and J. Makino, The jet and resolved features of the central supermassive black hole of M87 observed with EHT, arXiv:2205.04623v4[Astro=ph.HE] 19 May 2022. arxiv.org/abs/2205.04623Claimed Supermassive Black Hole Image in M87 (184 Mbytes of data)eso.org/public/images/eso1907a5 Petabytes of data:extremetech.com/extreme/289423-it-took-half-a-ton-of-hard-drives-to-store-eht-black-hole-image-dataApril 10th, 2019-Claims of a Black Hole Image: The Day Astrophysics Diedyoutube.com/watch?v=kI14fpM3ouUScientific Analysis - The Claim of Black Hole Image!youtube.com/watch?v=Iz8RRN8rY00The Black Hole Image - Data Fabrication Masterclass!youtube.com/watch?v=yc9PB_4F-OUDemystifying Science Podcast: (Anastasia Bendebury and Michael Delay)youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0wCheck out their new video: “What we got wrong about misinformation”youtube.com/watch?v=cqb128AbSWUDemystifying Science Podcastspodcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-demystifysci-podcast/id1523643420https://anchor.fm/demystifying-scienceDemystifying Science (YT short films): youtube.com/c/DemystifyingScienceyoutube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0wDr. Robitaille Podcastsyoutube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p8&t=0syoutube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXYyoutube.com/watch?v=ZaToSoTl32oyoutube.com/watch?v=f3ObIZ1BrsABinary stars figure:imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/yba/CygX1_mass/binary/equation_derive.htmlP-M. Robitaille, Hawking Radiation: A Violation of the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, NE Section APS, 2018, Spring, meetings.aps.org/Meeting/NES18/Session/D01.3P-M. Robitaille, Black Hole Entropy: A Violation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, Ohio Section APS, 2018, Fall,meetings.aps.org/Meeting/OSF18/Session/C01.18S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Bekenstein–Hawking black hole entropy, Hawking temperature, and the Unruh effect: Insight from the laws of thermodynamics, 2020, v. 33, 143-148.What are Black Holes? Science or Science Fiction?youtube.com/watch?v=cHGT0DgvhNMGravitational Thermodynamics: Is it science?youtube.com/watch?v=mZ2F2Kw5-nQBlack Hole Escape Velocity?youtube.com/watch?v=dZbDLd42UwsBlack Hole Geometry Analyzed!youtube.com/watch?v=0-xCMZLUc2AS.J. Crothers, On the General Solution to Einstein's Vacuum Field and Its Implications for Relativistic Degeneracy, Progr. Phys. 2005, v.1, 68-73. http://www.ptep-online.com/2005/PP-01-09.PDFS.J. Crothers, On the Geometry of the General Solution for the Vacuum Field of the Point-Mass, Progr. Phys. 2005, v.2, 3-14.http://www.ptep-online.com/2005/PP-02-01.PDFS.J. Crothers, The Painlevé-Gullstrand ‘Extension’ - A Black Hole Fallacy, Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2016, v. 5(1), 33-39. http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/html/10.11648.j.ajmp.s.2016050101.15.htmlworldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/9041researchgate.net/post/Stephen_Crothers_Refutation_of_the_Existence_of_Black_HoleThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Comments about the Comments! Sky Scholar 2022-06-20 | Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Water, Remote Sensing of the Earth, & The Microwave Background! Sky Scholar 2022-05-13 | Link to the Russian Documentary:The Birth of the Universe: Theories and Hypotheses - A Russian Perspectiveyoutube.com/watch?v=9VjP9zV3D5Mhttps://disk.yandex.ru/i/FnUkHxwI5C5EIgDemystifySciThe Sun Isn't Gaseous Plasma: The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Hypothesisyoutube.com/watch?v=1OCL5Lq8m6sThe Microwave Background - COBE Satellite Results Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=cqM6lZOvZcsWater Structure, Hydrogen Bonds, and the Microwave Background!youtube.com/watch?v=WOoxNeL6lFwWater & The Microwave Background: Amusing Quotes from Cosmologists!youtube.com/watch?v=_aJ2Hs8WJHcWater, Nuclear Bombs, and the Microwave Background!youtube.com/watch?v=E1-8ADuETGwD. Chan, Combining Statistical, Physical, and Historical Evidence to Improve Historical Sea-Surface Temperature Records, Harv. Data Sci. Rev. 2021, v. 3(1).https://hdsr.mitpress.mit.edu/pub/2xxlfhva/release/2S.R. Smith et al., Ship-Based Contributions to Global Ocean, Weather, and Climate Observing Systems, Front. Mar. Sci. 2019, v. 6, art 434.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00434/fullA. Penzias and R. Wilson, A Measurement Of Excess Antenna Temperature At 4080 Mc/s. Astrophys. J. Letters 1965, v. 142, 419-421.bit.ly/2CMq76VG.F. Smoot et al., Long wavelength measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation spectrum, Astrophys. 1987, v. 317, L45-L49.https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1987ApJ...317L..45SF.T. Ulaby, R.K. Moore, A.K. Fung, Microwave Remote Sensing Active and Passive (V. 1-3), Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1982.F.T. Ulaby and D.G. Long, Microwave Radar and Radiometric Remote Sensing, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 2013.F. Weng, Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Earth: for Meteorological Applications, Wiley-VCH, Hoboken, NJ, 2017.P.J. Minnett, et al, Half a century of satellite remote sensing of sea-surface temperature, Rem. Sensing Environ. 2019, 233, 111366.https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/191605483/1_s2.0_S0034425719303852_main.pdfB. Lambrigtsen, GeoSTAR-A new approach for a Geostationary microwave sounder, International TOVS Study Conference-XIII Proceedings, Sainte-Adèle, Québec, Canada, 10/29–11/4 2003, p. 536-543.”http://library.ssec.wisc.edu/research_Resources/publications/pdfs/ITSC13/lambrigtsen01_ITSC13_2003.pdfB. Lambrigtsen, Calibration of the AIRS Microwave Instruments, IEEE Trans. Geoscience Remote Sensing, 2003, 41(2), 369-378.W. Blackwell, et al., On-orbit radiometric validation and field-of-view calibration of spaceborn microwave sounding instruments, Microwave Remote Sensing fo the atmosphere and environment VI, Noumea, New Caledonia: SPIE 2008, 71540A-12. https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/52596B. Yan, et al., Calibration and Validation of Antenna and Brightness Temperatures from Metop-C Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A), Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 2978.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/2978E. Kim et al., S-NPP ATMS instrument prelaunch and on-orbitperformance evaluation, J. Geophys. Res.: Atmospheres 2014, v. 119, 5653-5670.agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2013JD020483G.C. Hulley et al, The ASTER Global Emissivity Dataset (ASTER GED): Mapping Earth's emissivity at 100 meter spatial scale, Geophys. Res. Letters 2015, 42, 7966-7976.agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2015GL065564jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia18833-nasa-spacecraft-maps-earths-global-emissivityGeneral: ospo.noaa.gov/Products/atmosphere/mirs/index.html(good general information page)Key Site to retrieve satellite data: star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/radio.phpWindstat: Satellite (Coriolis) star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/windsat.phpstar.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/amsua.phpstar.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/mhs.phpstar.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/ssmis.phpstar.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/amsr2.phpstar.nesdis.noaa.gov/jpss/documents/ATBD/D0001-M01-S01-001_JPSS_ATBD_ATMS-SDR_A.pdfNOAA Drifter Buoys Map aoml.noaa.gov/phod/graphics/dacdata/globpop.gifNOAA Moored Buoys Map catalog.data.gov/dataset/meteorological-and-oceanographic-data-collected-from-the-national-data-buoy-center-coastal-mariThis channel is educational in nature.All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Water, Nuclear Bombs, and the Microwave Background! Sky Scholar 2022-04-28 | Have Astronomers Assigned a Signal Produced by the Oceans to the Cosmos? - Sophia, Bulgariayoutube.com/watch?v=7QVm_50-BDgStructure of Liquid Water | Dr. Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=w3uZjdyrYeUWater Structure, Hydrogen Bonds, and the Microwave Background!youtube.com/watch?v=WOoxNeL6lFwWater & The Microwave Background: Amusing Quotes from Cosmologists!youtube.com/watch?v=_aJ2Hs8WJHcWhat is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum!youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TEY. Marechal, The Hydrogen Bond and the Water Molecule: The Physics and Chemistry of Water, Aqueous and Biomedia, Elsevier Press, Amsterdam, 2007.P.M. Robitaille, Water, Hydrogen Bonding and the Microwave Background, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 5, no. 2, L5-L8.http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-17-L2.PDFM.A. Brazhnikov and M.F. Gogulya, Some Aspects of Shock-Induced Radiation from Transparent Media, Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 2004, v. 40(1), 110-118.link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:CESW.0000013673.95281.0fG.A. Lyzenga, et al., The temperature of shock‐compressed water, J. Chem. Phys. 1982, v. 76(12), 6282-6286.https://authors.library.caltech.edu/11032/1/LYZjcp82.pdfZ. Zhang, et al., The electron density delocalization of hydrogen bond systems, Advances in Physics: X 2018, v. 3(1), 298-315.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23746149.2018.1428915B. Wang, et al., Correlation between electron delocalization and structural planarization in small water rings, Int. J. Quant. Chem. 2015, v. 115(13), 817-819.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qua.24897S. Scheiner, The Hydrogen Bond. A Hundred Years and Counting, J. Ind. Inst. Sci. 2020, v. 100, 61–76.link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41745-019-00142-8https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1854&context=chem_facpubS. Chen, et al., The observation of oxygen—oxygen interactions in ice, New J. Physics 2016, 18, 023052.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/18/2/023052/pdfS. Glasstone and P.J. Dolan, The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, 3rd Ed.,United States Department of Defense and the Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977.G.H. Pollack, The Fourth Phase of Water, Beyond Solid, Liquid, and Vapor. Ebner and Sons Publishers, Seattle, 2013.D.C. Elton, et al., Exclusion Zone Phenomena in Water—A Critical Review of Experimental Findings and Theories, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, v. 21(14), 5041.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7404113Kebes at English Wikipediaupload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Absorption_spectrum_of_liquid_water.pngThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.This channel is educational in nature.All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Water & The Microwave Background: Amusing Quotes from Cosmologists! Sky Scholar 2022-03-25 | The Big Bang & Microwave Background - The Early Yearsyoutube.com/watch?v=5i6mCNgJNZsThe Microwave Background - COBE Satellite Results Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=cqM6lZOvZcsThe CMB, Angular Power Spectrum, & Mathemagics!youtube.com/watch?v=iVRWAOuz71MA. Penzias and R. Wilson, A Measurement of Excess Antenna Temperature At 4080 Mc/s. Astrophys. J. Letters 1965, v. 142, 419-421.bit.ly/2CMq76VR.H. Dicke, P.J.E. Peebles, P.J. Roll, D.T. Wilkinson, Cosmic Black-Body Radiation. Astrophys. J. Letters 1965, v. 142, 414-419.bit.ly/2RiLZMmC. Dreifus, How Two Pigeons Helped Scientists Confirm the Big Bang Theory, Think Big: A Smithsonian magazine special report, 2/19/2014 smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-scientists-confirmed-big-bang-theory-owe-it-all-to-a-pigeon-trap-180949741U. Kaatze, et al., Hydrogen network fluctuations and dielectric spectrometry of liquids, J. Non-Crystalline Solids, 2002, v. 305(1-3), 19-28. sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022309302010840?via%3DihubP. Lunkenheimer, et al., Electromagnetic-radiation absorption of water, Phys. Rev. E 2017, 96, 062607. arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1612/1612.01457.pdfP.M. Robitaille, COBE: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 4, 17-42. http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-19-03.PDFG. Smoot and K. Davidson, Wrinkles in time: witness to the birth of the Universe. Harper Perennial, New York, N.Y., 1993.J.C. Mather and J. Boslough, The very first light. Basic Books, New York, N.Y., 1996.R. Weiss, Measurements of the cosmic background radiation. Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 1980, v. 18, 489–535. annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.aa.18.090180.002421D.P. Woody, An observation of the submillimeter cosmic background spectrum. University of California, Berkeley, 1975proquest.com/openview/58e11371f33f24b3f81052bc98306324/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=yJ. Singal et al, The ARCADE 2 instrument. Astrophys. J. 2011, v. 730(2), 138. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/730/2/138J.C. Mather, Far infrared spectrometry of the Cosmic Background Radiation. University of California, 1974.osti.gov/servlets/purl/4309827D. Wilkinson, The microwave background anisotropies: observations. PNAS, 1998, v. 95(1), 29–34. pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.95.1.29S. Bard, J. Stein, and S.W. Petrick, Advanced radiative cooler with angled shields. Spacecraft radiative transfer and temperature control (T.E. Horton, Ed). Prog. Astronautics & Aeronautics, 1982, v. 83, 249–258. arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/5.9781600865572.0249.0258J.C. Mather et al., Calibrator design for the COBE far infrared absolute spectrometer (FIRAS). Astrophys. J., 1999, v. 512, 511–520.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/306805Kebes at English Wikipediaupload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Absorption_spectrum_of_liquid_water.pngThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.This channel is educational in nature.All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Water Structure, Hydrogen Bonds, and the Microwave Background! Sky Scholar 2022-03-19 | Have Astronomers Assigned a Signal Produced by the Oceans to the Cosmos? - Sophia, Bulgariayoutube.com/watch?v=7QVm_50-BDgStructure of Liquid Water | Dr. Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=w3uZjdyrYeUEnergy Partition in the Sun - Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model!youtube.com/watch?v=k0R9S4HFDrgIR Spectrum of HCL: Caroline Frankfranklycaroline.com/writing/infrared-spectrometric-rotational-and-vibrational-analysis-of-hcl-and-dclchem.libretexts.org/Courses/Pacific_Union_College/Quantum_Chemistry/13%3A_Molecular_Spectroscopy/13.03%3A_Unequal_Spacings_in_Vibration-Rotation_SpectraY. Marechal, The Hydrogen Bond and the Water Molecule: The Physics and Chemistry of Water, Aqueous and Biomedia, Elsevier Press, Amsterdam, 2007.T.R. Dyke, Group theoretical classification of the tunneling-rotational energy levels in the water dimer. J. Chem. Phys., 1977, v. 66, 492-497.aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.433968T.R. Dyke, et al., The structure of water dimer from molecular beam electric resonance spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys. 1977, v. 66, 498-510.aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.433969J.D. Smith, et al., Energetics of hydrogen bond network rearrangements in liquid water, Science 2004, v. 306, 851-853.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1102560P.M. Robitaille, Water, Hydrogen Bonding and the Microwave Background, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 5, no. 2, L5-L8.http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-17-L2.PDFG.H. Pollack, The Fourth Phase of Water, Beyond Solid, Liquid, and Vapor. Ebner and Sons Publishers, Seatle, 2013.C.D. Cappa et al., Effects of cations on the hydrogen bond network of liquid water: New results from X-ray absorption spectroscopy of liquid microjets, J. Phys. Chem. 2006, v. 110, 5301-5309.pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp054699cJ.D. Smith et al., The effects of dissolved halide anions on hydrogen bonding in water, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, v. 129, 13847-13856.pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja071933zThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.This channel is educational in nature.All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Extra, Extra! Read all about it! 20 Year NY Times Anniversary! Sky Scholar 2022-03-17 | Email here: pmrobitaille@thermalphysics.orgNew York Times Ad:http://thermalphysics.org/times.pdfhttp://thermalphysics.org/NYTimesProof.Typesetter.Corrections.pdfhttp://thermalphysics.org/NYTimesProof.Pierre-Marie.Corrections.pdfAlexander Unzicker's Real Physics Talk: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQlink to discussion of the NYTIMES ad starting @13:43:youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ&t=823sPodcast 1 Robitaille - Seeing the World in Radiowavesyoutube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p8&t=0sPodcast 2 Robitaille - Black Bodies Require A Rigid Latticeyoutube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXY&t=0slink to discussion of NYTIMES Ad starting @ 34:14:youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXY&t=2054sPodcast 3 Robitaille - Is the Sun Not a Gaseous Plasma?youtube.com/watch?v=ZaToSoTl32o&t=0sPodcast 4 Robitaille - Big Bang or Big Splash?youtube.com/watch?v=f3ObIZ1BrsA&t=0sPodcast 5 Dr. Nicky Fox, NASA Heliophysicsyoutube.com/watch?v=dXUT1gxLGWMJames Glanz, Ripples in Ohio From Ad on the Big Bang, NYTimes, 3/19/2002.nytimes.com/2002/03/19/us/ripples-in-ohio-from-ad-on-the-big-bang.htmlEverthing has a price, RTD Research and Communication: European Commission, Special Edition on Science and the Media, Sept. 2002, p. 5.yumpu.com/en/document/read/22907132/rtd-info-european-commission-europa (GO TO PAGE 5)OSU Radiologist Buys Ad In New York Times To Publicize Theory, 3/19/2002.cleveland19.com/story/709782/osu-radiologist-buys-ad-in-new-york-times-to-publicize-theoryBob Park, 2. Alternative Publishing: Communicating Science by Full Page Ad, What's New, March 29, 2002.http://bobpark.physics.umd.edu/WN02/wn032902.htmlhttps://mailman.yale.edu/pipermail/eas-info/2002/000280.htmlD. Kyriakou, Science through advertizing, Archive European Integration, June 2002, No. 65, p. 2.http://aei-dev.library.pitt.edu/74050/1/June_2002_No_65.pdfNew York Times Ad - Liquid Sun and no Big Bang, 2002-Mar-21, 11:54 AMforum.cosmoquest.org/forum/the-proving-grounds/against-the-mainstream/797-new-york-times-ad-liquid-sun-and-no-big-bangP.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II:The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans' Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Physics 2011, v. 3, 41-59.http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDFS. Chandrasekhar, Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1969.John Wilkinshttps://physics.osu.edu/news/john-wilkins-remembered-physics-communityhttps://www.asc.ohio-state.edu/wilkins.5/vita/Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.This channel is educational in nature.All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcERainbow thumbnail:CC attribution:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WhereRainbowRises.jpgCauldron:CC attribution:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Old_cauldrons.jpg
Building a Model of the WMAP Satellite - FROM SCRATCH! Sky Scholar 2022-02-15 | Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.This channel is educational in nature.All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleModeling Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcEOutro Music:Also sprach Zarathustra (Thus Spoke Zarathustra)pond5.com/artist/tak_musicPaid license
CMB Anomalies, the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect, and the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect: What is Real? Sky Scholar 2022-02-11 | Oleg V. Verkhodanovhttps://www.sao.ru/Doc-en/Events/2020/Memory/celestis.com/participants-testimonials/dr-oleg-v-verkhodanovO. V. Verkhodanov, Series of Anomalies of low multipoles of WMAP and Planck Missions: What are They? Phys. Part. Nuclei, 2015, 46, 237–247.https://www1.jinr.ru/publish/Pepan/v-46-2/18_verk.pdfO. V. Verkhodanov, Low Multipoles Anomalies of CMB Maps, in "Radiative Mechanisms of Astrophysical Objects (V. Grining et al., eds.). Yerevan, 2017, 363-370.P.M. Robitaille, WMAP: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2007, v. 3, no. 1, 3-18. http://ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-01.PDFD. Larson et al.,Comparing PLANCK and WMAP: Maps, spectra, and parameters, Astrophys. J. 2015, 801, 9.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/801/1/9G.E. Addison, et al., Quantifying discordance in the 2015 PLANCK CMB spectrum, Astrophys. J. 2016, 818, 132.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/132Hinshaw, et al., Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Temperature Analysis, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 2003, 170, 288-334.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/513698/pdfC. Barnes, et al., First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Galactic Signal Contamination from Side Lobe Pickup, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 2003, 148, 51-62.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/377227Y. Akrami, et al., Power Asymmetry in WMAP and Planck Temperature Sky Maps as Measured by Local Variance Estimator, Astrophys. J. Lett. 2014, 784(L42), iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/784/2/L42/pdfCold SpotDiscovery paper:M. Cruz, et al., Detection of a non-Gaussian Spot in WMAP, MNRAS 2005, 356(1), 29–40. https://arXiv:astro-ph/0405341M. Cruz, et al, The non-Gaussian cold spot in Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe: significance, morphology and foreground contribution, MNRAS 2006, 369(1), 57–67.academic.oup.com/mnras/article/369/1/57/1051444Extragalactic radio sources and the WMAP cold spot L. Rudnick, et al., Extragalactic radio sources and the WMAP cold spot Astrophys. J. 2007iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/522222/pdfA. Kovács, et al., The DES view of the Eridanus supervoid and the CMB cold spot, MNRAS, 2022, 510(1), 216–229.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3309R. Mackenzie, et al, Evidence against a supervoid causing the CMB Cold Spot, MNRAS 2017, 470(2), 2328–2338. academic.oup.com/mnras/article/470/2/2328/3752440?login=falseC.H. Lineweaver, 7: Gold in the Doppler Hills: Cosmological Parameters in the Microwave Background, in “Quantum Fluctuations to Cosmological Structures”, ASP Conference Series 1997, v. 126, 185-205.https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1997ASPC..126..185LN. Aghanim, et al., Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 2020, A6.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2020/09/aa33910-18.pdfN. Aghanin, et al., Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods, Astron. Astrophys. 2020, A5.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2020/09/aa36386-19.pdfM. Birkinshaw, The Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Effect, Phys. Reports 1999, v. 310, 97-195. doi.org/10.1016/S0370-1573(98)00080-5arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9808050J.E. Carlstrom, et al., Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2002, v. 40, 643-680.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.astro.40.060401.093803ABELL CLUSTERM. Douspis, Planck SZ Clusters, Société Française d’Astronomie et d’Astrophysique (SF2A) 2011.http://sf2a.eu/semaine-sf2a/2011/proceedings/2011sf2a.conf..0021D.pdfhttps://sci.esa.int/web/planck/-/47697-multi-band-observations-of-the-galaxy-cluster-abell-2319Abe et al., Planck early results. VIII. The all-sky early Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster sample, Astron. Astrophys. 2011, v. 536, A8.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2011/12/aa16459-11.pdfK. S. Cover, Sky maps without anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background are a better fit to WMAP's uncalibrated time-ordered data than the official sky maps. Europhys. Lett., Volume 87, Number 6, 69003.robots.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1209/0295-5075/87/69003/pdfarxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0905/0905.3971.pdfAll observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Do the CMB Anisotropy maps violate the Copernican Principle? Sky Scholar 2022-02-03 | C.L. Bennett et al., Seven Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Are there Cosmic Microwave Background Anomalies? Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 2011, 192, 17.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0067-0049/192/2/17H. Liu and T.P. Li, Missing Completely of the CMB Quadrupole in WMAP Data, Chin. Sci. Bull. 2013, 58, 1243–1249.arxiv.org/pdf/1203.5720.pdfH. Liu and T.P. Li, New Evidence for Lack of CMB Power on Large Scales,Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 2010, 53, 567-570.arxiv.org/pdf/0911.4063.pdfW. Zhao and L. Santos, The Weird Side of the Universe: Preferred AxisInt. J. Modern Phys.: Conf. Series 2017, v. 45, 17600009.The Energy of empty space that isn't zero, A Talk With Lawrence M. Krauss [7.5.06] edge.org/conversation/lawrence_m_krauss-the-energy-of-empty-space-that-isnt-zeroM. Tegmark, A. de Oliveira-Costa, and A.J.S. Hamilton, High resolution foreground cleaned CMB map from WMAP Phys. Rev. D, 2003, 68, 123523.journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.68.123523C.J. Copi, D. Huterer, D.J. Schwarz, G. D. Starkman, On the large-angle anomalies of the microwave sky Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 367, Issue 1, March 2006, Pages 79–102, doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09980.xacademic.oup.com/mnras/article/367/1/79/1020698K. Land, J. Magueijo, The Axis of Evil, Phys.Rev.Lett. 95 (2005) 071301.W. Zhao and L. Santos, Preferred Axis in Cosmology, arXiv:1604.05484v3, 2016.I Have No Idea How I Ended Up in That Stupid Geocentrism Documentary, by Laurence Krauss,slate.com/technology/2014/04/lawrence-krauss-on-ending-up-in-the-geocentrism-documentary-the-principle.htmlScott Neuman, Why Physicists Are In A Film Promoting An Earth-Centered Universe, April 8, 2014.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/04/08/300609595/why-physicists-are-in-a-film-promoting-an-earth-centered-universeChurch Militant: "Thoughtcrime: The Conspiracy to Stop The Principle"youtube.com/watch?v=0eVUSDy_rO0Clement Pryke quote found here: Dazzling 'discovery' of gravitational waves from the Big Bang goes Poof with New Data, Washington Post, Jan 30, 2015Kate Land, João Magueijo, The Axis of Evil revisited. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 378, Issue 1, June 2007, Pages 153–158, doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11749.xPlanck CMB anomalies: astrophysical and cosmological secondary effects and the curse of masking A. Rassat, J.-L. Starck, P. Paykari, F. Sureau and J. Bobin Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Volume 2014, August 2014C.J. Copi, et al., Large-Angle Anomalies in the CMBAdvances in Astronomy, 2010, Article ID 847541,17pageshttp://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/aa/2010/847541.pdfThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.htmlHinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.htmlDaniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Science, or SPACE JUNK? COBE, WMAP, Planck, and RELIKT-1 (What they did and did NOT measure!) Sky Scholar 2022-01-25 | A. Penzias and R. Wilson, A Measurement Of Excess Antenna Temperature At 4080 Mc/s. Astrophys. J. Letters 1965, v. 142, 419–421.bit.ly/2CMq76VP.M. Robitaille, WMAP: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2007, v. 3, no. 1, 3-18.http://ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-01.PDFP.M. Robitaille, COBE: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 5, no. 4, 17-42.http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-19-03.PDF P.M. Robitaille, The Planck Satellite LFI and the Microwave Background: Importance of the 4 K Reference Targets, Progr. Phys. 2010, v. 6, no. 3, 11-18.http://ptep-online.com/2010/PP-22-02.PDFJ.M. Lamarre, et al., Planck-HFI, its Calibration and its connexions with HSO calibrationshttp://herschel.esac.esa.int/Hcal/documents/Lamarre.pdf (accessed on 5/29/2020)Penzias and Wilson hornupload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Horn_Antenna-in_Holmdel%2C_New_Jersey_-_restoration1.jpgcommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Horn_Antenna-in_Holmdel,_New_Jersey.jpegG. Hinshaw et al. Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: temperature analysis. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 170:288-334, 2007.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/513698/pdfCOBE Dipole:A. Kogut, et al. Dipole Anisotropy in the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometers First-Year Sky Maps Astrophys. J., 1993, 419, 1-6.http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1993ApJ...419....1KWMAP Dipole:Hinshaw, et al., Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Temperature Analysis, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 2003, 170, 288-334.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/513698/pdfPlanck Dipole:Planck Collaboration, Planck 2015 Results VIII. High Frequency Instrument data processing: Calibration and maps, Astron. Astrophys. 2016, 594, A8.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2016/10/aa25820-15.pdfD. J. Fixsen, The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background, Astrophys. J., 2009, 707(2), 916-920.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/916/pdfI. Strukov, D. Skulachev, and A. Brjukhanov, The results of Relict-1 Spaceborne Experiment, Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Vulcano Workshop 2008, 1994 in Vulcano, Italy, 1995, p.139.http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1995foap.conf..139SThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.htmlHinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.htmlDaniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Solar Gamma Rays: Dark Matter is the Duct Tape of Bad Science! Sky Scholar 2021-12-02 | The Sun at GeV-TeV Energies: A New Laboratory for Astroparticle PhysicsAstro2020 Science White Paperassets.pubpub.org/isa7ctwr/71598543923100.pdfP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block,Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFJ.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settlingand Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 2, 87-97. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-14.PDFDoes the sun have a surface?youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_kIs the Sun a Gas:youtube.com/watch?v=QDFPx6zVxSwIntercalate Zones in the Sun and Stars!youtube.com/watch?v=p-VZvIyddaoLattice Confinement Fusion Reactions & the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=080YgC45EJ8The Hydrogen Phase Diagram:youtube.com/watch?v=cdmD_R3fROUDemystifying Sciencepodcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/demystifying-science/id1523643420https://anchor.fm/demystifying-scienceDemystifying Science (YT short films):youtube.com/c/DemystifyingScienceBetween Two Aliens (YT interviews):youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0wPodcast 1 Crothers - What If Einstein Was Wrong? youtube.com/watch?v=wMBIt7bHt9sPodcast 1 Robitaille - Seeing the World in Radiowaves youtube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p8Podcast 2 Robitaille - Black Bodies Require A Rigid Lattice youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXYPodcast 3 Robitaille - Is the Sun Not a Gaseous Plasma? youtube.com/watch?v=ZaToSoTl32oPodcast 4 Robitaille - Big Bang or Big Splash?youtube.com/watch?v=f3ObIZ1BrsA2021 The Biggest Misconception about Scienceyoutube.com/watch?v=KOM-rCiyEcQPatreon @DemystifySci: patreon.com/demystifysciThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.htmlHinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.htmlDaniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Sky Scholar: Lectures, Interviews, and Podcasts by Pierre-marie Robitaille Sky Scholar 2021-10-07 | Ben Davidson - Suspicious Observers - Observing the Frontier2018 Davidson: The Sun is not Gaseous youtube.com/watch?v=_A7VFVwAA5U2015 Robitaille: On the Chromosphere and Corona youtube.com/watch?v=0Lg5eR7T61A2017 Robitaille: The Life Cycle of the Stars youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM2019 Robitaille: Revelations Through MRI youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI2/11/2013 youtube.com/watch?v=RvH_ov6QxCE7/3/2013 youtube.com/watch?v=CuVSv7Ebe7811/27/2014 youtube.com/watch?v=UqpAbfqSHtU3/26/2015 youtube.com/watch?v=1oN2hgngDwI4/15/2017 youtube.com/watch?v=dhBs7dLXZtw3/18/2019 youtube.com/watch?v=O5jPF6xhqmo5/13/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=6wpnrKhxYvg5/23/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=pYgkyViHowk6/22/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=OZdv20upmDk11/22/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=oe5jMwloJYc9/16/2021 youtube.com/watch?v=j2g_NwWV_lo10/3/2021 youtube.com/watch?v=Q4djO6P1ozIElectric Universe - Thunderbolt Project2014 Sun on Trial: youtube.com/watch?v=9TOKo7Ik9f82014 Kirchhoff's Law: youtube.com/watch?v=3Hstum3U2zw2014 The CMB: youtube.com/watch?v=i8ijbu3bSqI2015 Kirchhoff's Claims: youtube.com/watch?v=c-Luq0fOJK8Alexander Unzicker Unzicker's Real Physics: youtube.com/user/TheMachian2014 Unzicker on Robitaille's Solar Model youtube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4I2019 Real Physics Talk: Pierre-Marie Robitaille youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ2019 Kirchhoff's Law youtube.com/watch?v=sqaXL85FpYgWater Conference:2020 Have Astronomers Assigned a Signal Produced by the Oceans to the Cosmos?youtube.com/watch?v=7QVm_50-BDgDemystifying Sciencepodcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/demystifying-science/id1523643420https://anchor.fm/demystifying-scienceDemystifying Science (YT short films): youtube.com/c/DemystifyingScienceBetween Two Aliens (YT interviews): youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0wopen.spotify.com/show/4G3vS4395sUBnBksksXDmM?si=mXrizwtwRgOo8saBcCuiyQ&nd=12021 Crothers What If Einstein Was Wrong? youtube.com/watch?v=wMBIt7bHt9s2021 Pollack The Strangeness of Ordered Water youtube.com/watch?v=h99Z0FCjeTs2021 Robitaille Seeing the World in Radiowaves youtube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p82021 Robitaille Black Bodies Require A Rigid Lattice youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXYDonate: paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=W3TLL8HR59VRCPatreon @DemystifySci: patreon.com/demystifysci"Demystifying Science is the educational media project of two scientists that traded the lab bench for the pen and camera. Michael Shilo DeLay and Anastasia Bendebury attained PhDs from Columbia University in 2018. DeLay specialized in nanoscalewater mechanics and Bendebury in the electric nature of bacterial communication. Prior to this, DeLay studied neuroscienceat Kenyon College, cell-signalling at Yale, Ohio State, and UCSF. Bendebury studied genetics and microbiology at UCSD and UCSF.They have published and presented widely in these fields and have written for pop-sci magazines like Discover, Nautilus, and Astronomy.Demystifying Science creates media that untangles Nature’s mysteries in service of a more resilient human future. The DS podcastand YouTube productions center on the fictional travels and trials of two alien scientists sent from the planet Alvafloss to studyhumanity. This angle affords a unique perspective on Earth events over the course of in-depth conversations with many of the world'sgreatest thinkers." youtube.com/demystifyingscience
Kirchhoff vs Herounis Antenna! Sky Scholar 2021-09-29 | P.-M. Robitaille, Kirchhoff’s Law of Thermal Emission: Blackbody and Cavity Radiation Reconsidered,Progress in Physics, 2018, v. 14(3), 141-151.http://ptep-online.com/2018/PP-54-08.PDF J.C. de Vos, Evaluation of the quality of a blackbody. Physica, 1954, v. 20, 669–689.P. Herouni, Measured Parameters of Large Antenna of ROT-54/2.6 Tell about Absence of Big Bang, Journal of Astrophysics: Reports. — National Academy of Sciences of Armenia 2007, v. 107, no. 1. 73-78.http://rnas.asj-oa.am/2542/1/73.pdfP. Herouni, About Self Noises of Radio-Optical Telescope ROT-54/2.6 Antenna. Journal of Applied Electromagnetism. Athens. 1999, v. 2, No. 1, 51-57.The aforementioned paper by Professor Herouni has just been reinstated as item 7 (the last) in JAE V.2., N.2 (not the original V.2., N.1) 1999.It has no page numbers and is a pdf file of scanned images of the pages of the original paper. One can simply compare with adjacent papers to notice the change.Here is the link to the zip file of all papers in V.2, N.2, 1999. http://jae.ece.ntua.gr/archive/1999/vol2no2_June1999.zipThe general archive page is here: http://jae.ece.ntua.gr/archive/archive_index.htmlArmenian Video about Herouni's Antenna on Youtube:youtube.com/watch?v=lptQsWD0LDQThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.htmlHinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.htmlDaniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Birth of the Universe: Theories and Hypothesis - A Russian Perspective Sky Scholar 2021-09-15 | P.M. Robitaille, WMAP: A Radiological Analysis, Progress in Physics 2007, 1, 3-18.http://www.ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-01.PDFAstrospace Center http://asc-lebedev.ru/Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatoryen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astro_Space_Center_(Russia)en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RoscosmosVladimir Kurthttp://www.asc.rssi.ru/mosdeparts/QuantAstrophys/vkurt.htmlFriedman Award of the Russian Academy of Sciencesshorturl.at/cBDW5S.J. Crothers,‘Flaws in Black Hole Theory and General Relativity’in “Proceedings of the XXIXth International Workshop on High EnergyPhysics, Protvino, Russia, 26-28 June 2013.http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/9041Link to the Russian Documentary:The Birth of the Universe: Theories and Hypotheseshttps://disk.yandex.ru/i/FnUkHxwI5C5EIgOleg D. DalkarovDr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Lebedev Physical Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russiaspringer.com/journal/11450/editorsVitaly A. Lopotahttps://www.energia.ru/en/corporation/bio/lopota.htmlSky Scholar Link to video on Herouni’s Antenna:youtube.com/watch?v=p8lKQMEYYLwArmenian Video about Herouni's Antenna on Youtube:youtube.com/watch?v=lptQsWD0LDQ&t=0sThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.htmlHinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.htmlDaniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Sky Scholar - The 4th Anniversary! Sky Scholar 2021-04-28 | Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.htmlHinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.htmlDaniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Spectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphere Sky Scholar 2021-03-25 | J.E. Vernazza, et al., The Solar Chromosphere. III. Models of EUV Brightness Components of the Quiet Sun, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 1981, 45, 635-725. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1981ApJS...45..635VReal Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFThe Saha Equation & the Pressure above the Photosphere! 2/22/2021youtube.com/watch?v=vt_wnyewBm0P.M. Robitaille, Commentary Relative to the Emission Spectrum of the Solar Atmosphere: Further Evidence for a Distinct Solar Surface, Progr. Phys. 2013, 3, L2-L4. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L2.PDFJ.E. Vernazza, et al., The Solar Chromosphere. III. Models of EUV Brightness Components of the Quiet Sun, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 1981, 45, 635-725. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1981ApJS...45..635VC.E. Alissandrakis, et al., IRIS observations of spicules and structrues near the solar limb, Solar Phys. 2018, 293, 20. H.R. Zaidi, Resonance broadening in high density gases, Can. J. Phys. 1977, 55(14), 1243-1251. cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/p77-160K.J.H. Phillips, U. Feldman, and E. Landi, Ultraviolet and X-Ray Spectroscopy of the Solar Atmosphere, Cambridge University Press, 2008.Fraunhofer Spectrum (Great online resource)http://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.phpFraunhofer Spectrum (with peak assignments)http://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdfLink to short clip displaying a changing solar image as frequency is swept. http://www.arcetri.astro.it/science/solare/IBIS/Data about the Sun nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.htmlFigures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines! Sky Scholar 2021-03-19 | H. Zirin, The Solar Atmosphere, Blaisdell Publishing Company, Waltham, MA, 1966.H. Zirin, Astrophysics of the Sun, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988, p. 61.G. Herzberg, Atomic spectra and atomic structure, Dover Publications, New York, 1944.K.J.H. Phillips, U. Feldman and E. Landi, Ultraviolet and X-Ray Spectroscopy of the Solar Atmosphere, Cambridge University Press, 2008. M. Mizushima, Quantum Mechanics of Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure, W.A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 1970.S.R.G. Joyce, et al., The gravitational redshift of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 2018, 481, 2361–2370. https://shorturl.at/itBPVG.E. Hale, On the probable existence of a magnetic field in Sun-spots, Astrophys. J., 1908, 28, 315-343. http://shorturl.at/bnrJSG.E. Hale, et al., The magnetic polarity of Sun-spots, Astrophys. J., 1919, 49, 153-185. http://shorturl.at/jEW01M. Kramar, et al., Vector tomography for the coronal magnetic fieldI. Longitudinal Zeeman effect measurements, Astron. Astrophys. 2006, 456, 665-673. https://shorturl.at/wDIT9 J. de la Cruz Rodríguez, and H. Socas-Navarro, Are solar chromospheric fibrils tracing the magnetic field? Astron. Astrophys. 2011, L8.https://shorturl.at/apGW2V. Bommier, Hanle effect from a dipolar magnetic structure: The case of the solar corona and the case of a star, Aston. Astrophys. 2012, 539, A122. https://shorturl.at/zGZ09N.E. Raouafi, et al. Diagnostics of Coronal Magnetic Fields through the Hanle Effect in UV and IR Lines, Frontier Astron. Space Sci., 6/22/2016https://shorturl.at/iINY7R. Casini, et al., Magnetic Diagnostics of the Solar Corona: Synthesizing Optical and Radio Techniques, Space Science Rev. 2017, 210, 145-181.https://shorturl.at/gMSZ4Solar Models:T.M.D. Pereira, The dynamic chromosphere: Pushing the boundaries of observations and models, Adv. Space Res. 2019, 63, 1434-1442.https://shorturl.at/ekoHST.M.D. Pereira, M. Asplund, R. Collet, I. Thaler, R. Trampedach, and J. Leenaarts, How realistic are solar model atmospheres? Astro. Astrophys. 2013, 554, A118. https://shorturl.at/ixzB2O. Gingerich et al., The Harvard-Smithsonian reference atmosphere, Solar Physics, 18, 347-365. http://shorturl.at/mAP18O. Gingerich and C. de Jager, The Bilderburg Model of the photosphere and low chromosphere, Solar Physics 1968, 3, 5-25. http://shorturl.at/mnqyEH. Holweger and E.A. Mueller, The photospheric barium spectrum - Solar abundance and collision broadening of BA II lines by hydrogen, Solar Physics, 1974, 39, 19-30. http://shorturl.at/dloOUJ.F. Kielkopf and N.F. Allard, Shift and width of the Balmer series Hα line at high electron density in a laser-produced plasma, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 2014, 47, 155701. https://shorturl.at/iwWY1G.P. Zhao, et al. Intensities and shifts of Lyman and Balmer lines of hydrogen-like ions in high density plasmas, Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2018, 3, 300-311. https://shorturl.at/fgoIXList of atomic and ionic spectranist.gov/pml/atomic-spectra-database-contentsphysics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.plChromospheric spectrum acquired by Robert Nufer http://robertnufer.chSky Scholar Videos which illustrate electronic transitions:Fraunhofer Lines and Condensed Matter - Even Kirchhoff Agreed! 12/12/2017youtube.com/watch?v=saKms3oi-UAReactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun! 2/11/2018youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-kHelium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere! 2/22/2018 youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYYHelium, the Chromosphere, and the Electron Thief! 08/23/2018youtube.com/watch?v=AddRHEUYvwoFigures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Jeans Mass - Imaginary Surfaces and the Great Swindle of Astrophysics! Sky Scholar 2021-03-17 | Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Thermodynamics and the Virial Theorem, Gravitational Collapse and the Virial Theorem: Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics, Progress in Physics, 2018, v. 14, no. 3, 179-1821.http://ptep-online.com/2018/PP-54-13.PDFP.-M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, Intensive and extensive properties: Thermodynamic balance, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 158-163.http://shorturl.at/fmCN7P.-M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, Dynamics of the solar wind: Eugene Parker’s treatment and the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 1-4. http://shorturl.at/qtuPW S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Bekenstein–Hawking black hole entropy, Hawking temperature, and the Unruh effect: Insight from the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2020, 33, 143-148. http://shorturl.at/asC67S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Eddington’s mass-luminosity relation and the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 353-357.http://shorturl.at/wJPS3P.M. Robitaille, On the validity of Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2003, v. 31, no. 6, 1263–1267.ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1265348P. Robitaille and S. Crothers, "The Theory of Heat Radiation" Revisited: A Commentary on the Validity of Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Emission and Max Planck's Claim of Universality, Progr. Physics, 2015, 11(2), 120-132.http://www.ptep-online.com/2015/PP-41-04.PDFJ.H. Jeans, I. The stability of a spherical nebula, Philosophical Transactions, 1902, 199(312), 1-53.royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.1902.0012M. Falco, et al., Why does the Jeans Swindle work? Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. Let., 2013, 431(1), L6–L9. academic.oup.com/mnrasl/article/431/1/L6/1405569P.M Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans’ Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 41-59. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDFM.K.H. Kiessling, The “Jeans swindle”: A true story—mathematically speaking, Adv. Appl. Math., 2003, 31(1), 132-149.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196885802005560 G. Shaviv, The Synthesis of the Elements: The Astrophysical Quest for Nucleosynthesis what it can tell us about the universe, Springer, Heidelberg, 2012.Sky Scholar Videos discussing intensive and extensive properties:1. The FOURTH Law of Thermodynamics? The 4th Law Explained! - 1/25/2018youtube.com/watch?v=t8Nm9bnWOTs2. Intensive and Extensive Properties - A Note of Caution! – 11/21/2018youtube.com/watch?v=nh68Ruqwl18Sky Scholar Videos discussing gravitational collapse:1. How are Stars Formed? The Standard Model: Gravitational Collapse, Black Holes, and The Big Bang! - 7/26/2017youtube.com/watch?v=LoqsG7V13G82. Does Gravitational Collapse Occur? Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics – 4/28/2018youtube.com/watch?v=DtMee3rrHDY3. Gravitational Thermodynamics - Is it Science? – 6/24/2018youtube.com/watch?v=mZ2F2Kw5-nQ4. Thermodynamics and the Virial Theorem - Do's and Don'ts! – 11/1/2018youtube.com/watch?v=HSUtQ6LKXucVarious Jeans Mass expressions:1. Cambridge https://shorturl.at/xyMW42. Uppsala University https://shorturl.at/jpEIQ3. Drexel https://shorturl.at/tEOZ34. U Iowa https://shorturl.at/iltLV5. U. Tennessee https://shorturl.at/dwAU86. U. of St. Andrews https://shorturl.at/mqzW17. R. Kippenhahn and A. Weigert, Stellar Structure and Evolution, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994, p. 253.8. K.R. Lang, Essential Astrophysics, Springer, 2013, P. 390 Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Saha Equation & the Pressure above the Photosphere! Sky Scholar 2021-02-22 | Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQReactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-kWhat Elements are in the Sun?youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtEThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFP.-M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Chromosphere, Progr. Phys., 2013, 3, L15-L21. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L6.PDFA.R. Choudhuri, How the Saha ionization equation was discovered,arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1810/1810.10898.pdfM.H. Saha, LIII. Ionization in the solar chromosphere. Phil. Mag. Ser. 6, 1920, 40(238), 472–488. tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786441008636148?journalCode=tphm17M.N. Saha, On a Physical Theory of Stellar Spectra, Proc. Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 1921, 99(697): 135–153. royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspa.1921.0029E.A. Milne, Obituary Notice of R. H. Fowler (1889-1944), Obituary Notices of the Fellows of the Royal Society, 1945, 5, 61-78.jstor.org/stable/769110?seq=1R.H. Fowler and E.A. Milne, The intensities of absorption lines in the stellar spectra, and the temperatures and pressures in the reversing layers of stars, Monthly Notic. Roy. Astron. Soc. 1923, 83, 403-424.academic.oup.com/mnras/article/83/7/403/1022720Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
In Memoriam: Dr. Edward Dowdye Jr. Sky Scholar 2021-02-14 | Dr. Edward Henry Dowdye, Jr. Obituariesmanningfh.com/obituary/dr-edward-dowdye-jrlegacy.com/us/obituaries/timesdispatch/name/edward-dowdye-obituary?pid=197445387Dr. Edward Henry Dowdye, Jr.http://www.extinctionshift.com/author.htmChallenging Relativity with Dr. Edward Dowdye (LOTS of Math)steemit.com/science/@verbz/e-dmc-challenging-relativity-with-dr-edward-dowdyeDr. Dowdye’s website:http://www.extinctionshift.comE.H. Dowdye, Extinction Shift Principle: A Purely Classical Alternative to General and Special Relativity, Physics Essays, 2007, 20, 56-66. https://shorturl.at/jzIPRE.H. Dowdye, Can Stars BEND LIGHT? General Relativity and Gravity with Dr. Edward Dowdye, Sky Scholar, July 31, 2018,youtube.com/watch?v=B_ixkOI4k8cP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Lithium and the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun! Sky Scholar 2021-02-11 | Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQWhat Elements are in the Sun?youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtEThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIJ.C. Robitaille and P.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun. Progr. Phys., 2013, v. 2, 87-97.http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-14.PDFN. Grevesse, Solar abundances of lithium, beryllium, and boron, Solar Phys.,1968,5, 159–180.http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1968SoPh....5..159GR.C. Wiens, et al., Solar and solar-wind isotopic compositions. Earth Plan. Sci. Let., 2004, 222, 697–712. rb.gy/gxsux3P.M. Robitaille, Commentary on the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun III. Insight into Solar Lithium Abundances, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, L12-L13. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-L6.PDFP. M. Robitaille and D. Rabounski, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum –Further Implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys, 2015, 11(3), 236-245. http://www.ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDFE. Zurek, R. Hoffmann, N.W. Ashcroft, A.R. Oganov, and A.O. Lyakhov, A little bit of lithium does a lot for hydrogen, PNAS 2009, 106 (42), 17640-17643. pnas.org/content/pnas/106/42/17640.full.pdfScience Results, Classical Nova Explosions are Major Lithium Factories in the Universe, Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, subarutelescope.org/en/results/2015/02/18/2280.htmlA. Tajitsu, et al. Explosive lithium production in the classical nova V339 Del (Nova Delphini 2013), Nature, 2015, 518, 381–384.nature.com/articles/nature14161A. Heger and S. Woosley, Production of Lithium in Primordial Supernovae,Mem. d.S. It. Astron., 2008, 1, 1-5. arxiv.org/pdf/2002.04749.pdfK.C. Sahu and S. R. Pottasch, Primordial lithium abundance from interstellar lithium lines towards SN 1987A, AIP Conf. Proc. 2008, 183(1), 420. rb.gy/u9o05mE. Vangioni-Flam & M. Cassé, Cosmic Lithium-Beryllium-Boron Story, Astrophys. Space Science, 1999, 265, 77–86. link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1002197712862A.M. Boesgaard, and G. Steigman, Big bang nucleosynthesis – Theories and observations, Ann. Rev. Astro. Astrophys., 1985, 23, 319–378.H. Johnston, Big Bang ruled out as origin of lithium-6, Physics World, 2 Sept. 2014. physicsworld.com/a/big-bang-ruled-out-as-origin-of-lithium-6The Cosmological Lithium Problem, UNChttps://physics.unc.edu/the-cosmological-lithium-problem/B.D. Fields, The Primordial Lithium Problem, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., 2011, 61(1), 47–68.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102010-130445N. W. Ashcroft, Hydrogen Dominant Metallic Alloys: High Temperature Superconductors? Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 92, 187002.journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.187002Hui Wang, et al., Hydrogen‐rich superconductors at high pressures, WIRES Computational Molecular Science, 2018, 8(1), e1330. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/wcms.1330H.‐Y. Lv, et al., Superconductivity of light‐metal hydrides, J. Chinese Chem. Soc., 2019, 66(10), 1246-1256. rb.gy/qfsq4iA.P. Drozdov, et al., Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures, Nature, 2019, 569, 528–531. nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1201-8A.P. Drozdov, et al., Conventional superconductivity at 203 K at high pressures. Nature 2015, 525, 73–76. nature.com/articles/nature14964J.A. Flores-Livas, et al., A perspective on conventional high-temperature superconductors at high pressure: Methods and materials, Physics Reports, 2020, 856, 1-78. https://rb.gy/5gfkz9E. Flamm, et al., Tritium and Helium-3 in Solar Flares and Loss of Helium from the Earth's Atmosphere, Science, 1962, 138(3536), 48-50.jstor.org/stable/1709844?seq=1G. Gloeckler and J. Geiss, Measurement of the Abundance of Helium-3 in the Sun and in the Local Interstellar Cloud with SWICS on Ulysses, Space Science Rev. 1998, 84, 275–284.link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1005095907503Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Hydrogen Phase Diagram & Evidence for the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model! Sky Scholar 2021-02-02 | Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQDiamond Anvil Cell, Subject Zero Science,A Breakthrough in the hunt for Metallic Hydrogen? [Update 2020]youtube.com/watch?v=4l4M4PdiGpkThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFE.G. Brovman, Y.M. Kagan, and A. Kholas, Properties of metallic hydrogen under pressure. Sov. Phys. JETP, 1972, v.35(4), 783–787.C.M. Tenney, K.L. Sharkey, and J.M. McMahon, Possibility of metastable atomic metallic hydrogen, Phys. Rev. B, 2020, 102, 224108.journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.224108arxiv.org/pdf/1705.04900.pdfN. Ashcroft, Optical response near a band overlap: Application to dense hydrogen, in “Molecular Systems Under High Pressure” (R. Pucci and G. Piccitto, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, North-Holland, 1991.E. Gregoryanz, et al., Everything you always wanted to know about metallic hydrogen but were afraid to ask, Matter & Radiation at Extremes, 2020, 5, 038101. aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/5.0002104A. Goncharov, Phase diagram of hydrogen at extreme pressures and temperatures; updated through 2019, Low Temperature Physics, 2020, 46(2), 97. aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/10.0000526B. Militzer, The High-Temperature Phase Diagram, UC Berkeley, 1/15/2003,http://militzer.berkeley.edu/diss/node5.htmlJ.M. McMahon, et al., The properties of hydrogen and helium under extreme conditions, Rev. Mod. Phys., 2012, 84, 1607-1653.pdfs.semanticscholar.org/41e8/7dee3b67cf69135d46be45d88967d7ddca3a.pdfP.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — I: The Journey to a Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 3-25.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-01.PDFP.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans’ Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 41-59.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDFS. Chandrasekhar, N.R. Lebovitz, On the ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium of homogeneous masses, Astrophisica Norvegica, 1964, 9, 323-332. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1964ApNr....9..323CS. Chandrasekhar, Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1969.Evidence for Condensed Matter Videos:Core, Tachocline layer: youtube.com/watch?v=ox1GNuCV5M0Ringing, capillary waves: youtube.com/watch?v=mUsN-_65fqgSolar granules, sunspots and directional spectral emissivity: youtube.com/watch?v=5sazKR1Mi00Solar spectrum: youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TEEvidence of a solar surface (many lines of evidence):youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_kyoutube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTEyoutube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8This Stanford site places the density of the photosphere at 10^-9 g/cm^3!http://solar-center.stanford.edu/vitalstats.htmlFigures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/ir...Hinode, JAXA/NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hi...Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Przybylskis Star & The Total Denial of Reality - Aliens, Undiscovered Elements, and more! Sky Scholar 2021-01-25 | Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQWhat Elements are in the Sun?youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtEThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIP.-M. Robitaille, Lessons from the Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 100-102.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-12.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFSky Scholar videos on classification:Different Star Types? The HR Diagram Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=H4h4rfGDxkkWhat Colors are the Stars? Luminosity, Color, and Temperature Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=CkDjQj_hdZwPrzybylski's staren.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przybylski%27s_StarA. Przybylski, HD 101065—a G0 Star with High Metal Content, Nature 1961, 189, 739. nature.com/articles/189739a0A. Przybylski and P. Morris Kennedy, The spectrum of HD101065, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific, 1963, 75(445), 349-353. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/127965/pdfS. Hubrig, et al., Magnetic and pulsational variability of Przybylski’s star (HD 101065), Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 2018, 477(3), 3791–3800. doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty889P. Gilster, The Challenges of Przybylski’s Star, March 28, 2017.centauri-dreams.org/2017/03/28/the-challenges-of-przybylskis-star“Anomaly” –Could a Strange Star Signal a Civilization Billions of Years Beyond Sapiens, The Daily Galaxy, November, 21, 2020dailygalaxy.com/2020/11/anomaly-could-a-strange-star-signal-a-civilization-billions-of-years-beyond-sapiens-weekend-featureJ. Wright, Przybylski's Star I: What's that? | AstroWrighthttps://sites.psu.edu/astrowright/2017/03/15/przybylskis-star-i-whats-that/T. Nowakowski , Przybylski's star is an extremely slow rotator, study finds, Phys.org, May 1, 2018. phys.org/news/2018-05-przybylski-star-extremely-rotator.htmlC.S. Powell, The Strangest (and Second-Strangest) Star in the Galaxy, Discover Magazine, July 1, 2017. discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/the-strangest-and-second-strangest-star-in-the-galaxyC. R. Cowley, et al., Abundances in Przybylski's star, Mon. Not. Roy. Astro. Soc., 2000, 317(2), 299–309.academic.oup.com/mnras/article/317/2/299/1005394W.P. Bidelman, Tc and Other Unstable Elements in Przybylski's Star, ASP Conference Series, Vol. 336, Proc. Symposium, June 17-19, 2004, Austin, Texas. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2005ASPC..336..309BD.W. Kurtz, HD101065 - Przybylski's Star: A Most Peculiar Star Exotic Stars as Challenges to Evolution, Astron. Soc. Pac., 2002, 279, 351.http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2002ASPC..279..351KV. A. Dzuba, V. V. Flambaum, J. K. Webb, Isotope shift and search for metastable superheavy elements in astrophysical data, Phys. Rev. A, 2017, 95, 062515.journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.95.062515arxiv.org/abs/1703.04250 C. Samanta, P. Roy Chowdhury, D.N. Basu, Predictions of Alpha Decay Half lives of Heavy and Superheavy Elements, Nuclear Physics A, 2007, 789(1–4), 142-154.arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0703086en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_technetiumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_promethiumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_poloniumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_actiniumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_protactiniumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_neptuniumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_plutoniumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_americiumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_berkeliumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_californiumen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_einsteinium
Experimental Supporting Evidence - Lattice Confinement Fusion Reactions & the Sun! Sky Scholar 2021-01-12 | Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQWhat Elements are in the Sun?youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtEThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIP.-M. Robitaille, Lessons from the Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 100-102.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-12.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFV. B. Belyaev, M. B. Miller, J. Otto, and S. A. Rakityansky, Nuclear fusion induced by X-rays in a crystal, Phys. Rev. C, 2016, 93, 034622.journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.93.034622arxiv.org/abs/1603.01723 Lattice Confinement Fusion (NASA)www1.grc.nasa.gov/space/science/lattice-confinement-fusionV. Pines, et al. Nuclear fusion reactions in deuterated metals, Phys Rev C, 2020, v. 101, 044609.journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044609www1.grc.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/TP-20205001617-Theory-Paper-Final.pdfB.M. Steinetz, et al., Novel Nuclear Reactions Observed in Bremsstrahlung-Irradiated Deuterated Metals, Phys. Rev. C, 2020, v. 101, 044610.journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044610www1.grc.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/TP-20205001616-Experiment-Paper-Final.pdfLENR Forumlenr-forum.com/forum/thread/2827-the-liquid-sunThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/ir...Hinode, JAXA/NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hi...Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitailleOutro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foriayoutube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Seismology & Surface Tension - on the Sun! Sky Scholar 2021-01-06 | Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitailleyoutube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQWhat Elements are in the Sun?youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtEThe Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRIyoutube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlIP.-M. Robitaille, On the Presence of a Distinct Solar Surface: A Reply to Hervé Faye, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 75-78.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-08.PDFP.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDFP.M. Robitaille, On the validity of Kirchhoff's law of thermal emission,IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2003, 31(6), 1263-1267.ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1265348P.-M. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles’ Heel of the Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 93-99.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDFP.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDFE.W. Maunder, Are the Planets Inhabited? Harper and Brothers, London, 1913, p. 28. http://shorturl.at/tuZ09Sky Scholar Videos discussing the solar surface:1. Does the sun have a surface? Transverse waves, Helioseismology, CMEs, X-Rays and Flares! youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_k2. Does the Sun have a surface? Solar tornadoes, Radius, Oblateness, and Differential Rotation!youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTE3. Does the Sun have a Surface? The Chromosphere and Spicules!youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8Sky Scholar Videos discussing the solar spectrum:1. The Solar Spectrum Explained!youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT02. The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model!youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6Q3. What is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrumyoutube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TEA.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, X-ray flare sparks quake inside Sun,Nature 1998, v. 393, 317–318.nature.com/articles/30629A.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, Seismic response to solar flares: Theoretical predictions, Proc. 4th SOHO Workshop, Helioseismology, ESA SP-376, ESTEC, Noordwijk, 1995.http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1995ESASP.376b.341KSolar flare leaves Sun quaking, ESA Information Note N°18-98sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/newsroom/oldesapr/info18.htmlA.G. Kosovichev, Properties of flare-generated seismic waves on the Sun.Solar Physics 2006, v. 238, 1–11.arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0601006NASA Cosmos (hosted by Tufts University)https://ase.tufts.edu/cosmos/print_images.asp?id=25The Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST): Institute for Solar Physicshttps://www.su.se/isf/the-telescopeThank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.This channel is educational in nature.Astronomy links of interest:Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.comNASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.govNASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.orgNASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.orgNASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.htmlNational Solar Observatory: nso.edu/SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.govSDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataIRIS Satellite: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/ir...Hinode, JAXA/NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hi...Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_...Outro Music:Foria: Break Awaysoundcloud.com/foria
