Sky Scholar
Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!
updated
J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
J.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, 87-97.
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2671.
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an Essay to which the Adams Prize of the University of Cambridge
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T. Enoki, M. Suzuki and M. Endo Graphite intercalation compounds
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The Final Stages of the Evolution of a Sun-like Star
https://www.e-education.psu.edu/astro801/book/export/html/1827
K. Werner, T. Rauch and J. W. Kruk, The hot white dwarf in the peculiar binary nucleus of the planetary nebula EGB 6, Astron. Astrophys. 2018, 616, A73 (6 pp.).
S. Vennes, et al., An unusual white dwarf star may be a surviving remnant of a subluminous Type Ia supernova, Science 2017, 357(6352), 680-683.
K. Werner, Central stars of planetary nebulae: The white dwarf connection, Planetary Nebulae: An Eye to the Future, (A. Manchado, L. Stanghellini & D. Schonberner, eds.), Proc. IAU Symp. 2011, 283, 196-203.
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The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?
youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20
A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!
youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERY
EXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!
youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4
The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?
youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8
Car Salesmen or Astronomers? Temperature & Red Shifts in Sirius B!
youtube.com/watch?v=st6bxU6WmPE
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
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B.L. Klein, et al, Discovery of beryllium in white dwarfs polluted by planetesimal accretion, Astrophys. J. 2021, 914, 61(17pp).
S. Coutu, et al., Analysis of helium-rich white dwarfs polluted by heavy elements in the Gaia era, Astrophys. J. 2019, 885, 74(22pp).
L.K. Rogers, et al., WD0141-675: A case study on how to follow-up astrometric planet candidates around white dwarfs, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2023, 527, 977-990.
B. Zuckerman, D. Koester, I.N. Reid, and M, Hunsch, Metal Lines in White Dwarfs, Astrophys. J. 2003, 596, 477-495.
P. Chayer, G. Fontaine, and F Wesemael, Radiative Levitation in Hot White Dwarfs: Equilibrium Theory, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 1995, 99, 189-221.
P. Chayer and, J. Dupuis, Effect of Radiative Levitation on Calculations of Accretion Rates in White Dwarfs, AIP Conf. Proc. 2010, 1273, 394–399.
R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.
AZO Materials, Characterizing Diamonds with FT-IR Spectroscopy.
azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=15224
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?
youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20
A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!
youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERY
EXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!
youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4
The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?
youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8
Car Salesmen or Astronomers? Temperature & Red Shifts in Sirius B!
youtube.com/watch?v=st6bxU6WmPE
White Dwarfs AREN'T Hyper Dense? Quasi-molecules and Spectroscopic Proof!
youtube.com/watch?v=sEz71ULRqEA
Helium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYY
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.
S.R.G. Joyce, M.A. Barstow, J.B. Holberg, H.E. Bond, S.L. Casewell, and M.R. Burleigh, The gravitational redshift of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2018, 481, 2361-2370.
K. Kidder, J.B. Holberg, and F. Wesemael, A new temperature determination for Sirius B from IUE: Implications for the observed soft X-rays, Lecture Notes on Physics: White Dwarfs, Springer, 2005, 350-353.
J. Halenka, W. Olchawa, J. Madej, and B. Grabowski, Pressure shift and gravitational redshift of Balmer lines in white dwarfs: Rediscussion, Astrophys. J. 2015, 808, 131(10pp).
M. Lemke, Extended VCS Stark broadening tables for hydrogen – Lyman to Bracket series, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 1997, 122, 285-292.
D. Koester, V. Weidemann, E.-M. Zeidler-K.T., and G. Vauclair, The explanation of 1400 and 1600 Å Features in DA white dwarfs, Astron. Astrophys. 1985, 142, L5-L8.
E.P. Neland and G. Wegner, Identification of the 1400 and 1600 Å features observed in the ultraviolet spectra of DA white dwarfs. Astrophys. J. 1985, 289, L31-L33.
J.L. Greenstein, An absorption line in the ultraviolet spectrum of 40 Eridani B, Astrophys. J. 1980, 241, L89-L93.
J.F. Kielkopf and N.F. Allard, Satellites on Lyman Alpha due to H-H and H-H+ collisions, Astrophys. J. 1995, 450, L75-L78.
H. Holweger, D. Koester, and N.F. Allard, Identification of the 1600 Å feature in Lambda Bootis stars, Astron. Astrophys. 1994, 290, L21-L24.
C. Thom and B.K. Gibson, N. Christlieb, A catalog of field horizontal branch stars aligned with high-velocity clouds, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 2005, 161, 147-153.
M. Jaschek, B. Bascheck, C. Jaschek, and A. Heck, Observation of λλ 1600 and 3040 features in the spectra of field horizontal branch stars, Astron. Astrophys. 1985, 152, 439-440.
R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2009, p. 195.
A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?
youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20
A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!
youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERY
EXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!
youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4
The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?
youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8
Car Salesmen or Astronomers? Temperature & Red Shifts in Sirius B!
youtube.com/watch?v=st6bxU6WmPE
Does the Sun have a Charge?
youtube.com/watch?v=yCPQamGVTeQ
Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BM
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.
R. Mewe, J. Heise, E.H.B.M. Gronenschild, A.C. Brinkman, J. Schrijver, and A.J.F. den Boggende, Detection of X-ray emission from stellar coronae with ANS, Astrophys. J. Letters 1975, 202, L67-L71.
C. Martin, G. Basri, M. Lampton, and S.M. Khan, The soft X-ray spectrum of Sirius B: Evidence for the photospheric hypothesis, Astrophys. J. 1982, 261, L81-L85.
F.B.S. Paerels, J.A.M. Bleeker, A.C. Brinkman, and J. Heise, The High-Resolution Photospheric Soft X-Ray Spectrum of Sirius B, Astrophys. J. 1988, 329, 849-862.
J.B. Holberg, M.A. Barstow, F.C. Bruhweiler, A.M. Cruise and A.J. Penny, Sirius B: A new, more accurate view, Astrophys. J. 1998, 497, 935-942.
J.L. Greenstein, J.B. Oke, H.L. Shipman, Effective temperature, radius, and gravitational red shift of Sirius B, Astrophys. J. 1971, 169, 563-566.
M.A. Barstow, M.R. Burleigh, J.R. Holberg, I. Hubeny, H.E. Bond, and D. Koester, HST observations of the Sirius B Balmer lines, 14th Eur. Workshop on White Dwarfs, ASP Conf. Ser. 2005, 334, 175-180.
M.A. Barstow, H.E. Bond, J.R. Holberg, M.R. Burleigh, I. Hubeny, H.E. and D. Koester, Hubble Space Telescope spectroscopy of the Balmer lines of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2005, 362, 1134-1142.
M.A. Barstow, S. Joyce, S.L. Casewell, J.B. Holberg, H.E. Bond, and
M.R. Burleigh, Sirius B: Confronting the Limits of our Understanding of White Dwarfs, 20th European White Dwarf Workshop, 2017, 509, 383-387.
H.E. Bond, G.H. Schaefer, R.L. Gilliland, J.B. Holberg, B.D. Mason, I.W. Lindenblad, M. Seitz-McLeese, W.D. Arnett, P. Demarque, F. Spada, P.A. Young, M. A. Barstow, M.R. Burleigh, and D. Dudehus, The Sirius system and its astrophysical puzzles: Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based astrometry, Astrophys. J. 2017, 840, 70 (17 pp).
S.R.G. Joyce, M.A. Barstow, J.B. Holberg, H.E. Bond, S.L. Casewell, and M.R. Burleigh, The gravitational redshift of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2018, 481, 2361-2370.
R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?
youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20
A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!
youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERY
EXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!
youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4
The Early Years in White Dwarf Research - Gravitational Red Shifts?
youtube.com/watch?v=RbolJBWYBS8
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
J.B. Holberg, Sirius B and the measurement of the gravitational redshift, J. Hist. Astro. 2010, 41, 41-64.
D. Saumon, S. Blouin, and P.E. Tremblay, Current challenges in the physics of white dwarf stars, Physics Reports, 2022, 988, 1-63.
V. Chandra, H.-C. Hwang, N.L. Zakamska, and S. Cheng, A gravitational redshift measurement of the white dwarf mass-radius relation, Astrophys. J. 2020, 999, 146 (9pp)
L.K. Rogers et al., WE0141-675: A case study on how to follow-up astrometric candidates around white dwarfs, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 2024, 527, 977-990.
A.S. Adams, The relativity displacement of the spectral lines in the companion of Sirius, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 1925, 11, 382-387.
J.H. Moore, Recent spectrographic observations of the companion of Sirius, Pub. Astron. Soc. Pac. 1928, 40, 229-233.
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J.L. Greenstein and V. Trimble, The gravitational redshift of 40 Eridani B, Astrophys. J. 1972, 175, L1-L5.
J.L. Greenstein, and V.L. Trimble, The Einstein Redshift in White Dwarfs, Astrophys. J. 1967, 149, 283-298.
P. Chayer, G. Fontaine, and F Wesemael, Radiative Levitation in Hot White Dwarfs: Equilibrium Theory, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 1995, 99, 189-221.
P. Chayer and, J. Dupuis, Effect of Radiative Levitation on Calculations of Accretion Rates in White Dwarfs, AIP Conf. Proc. 2010, 1273, 394–399.
D. Aumiler, T. Ban, and G. Pichler, High-resolution measurements of the pressure broadening and shift of the rubidium 52S1∕2–62P3∕2 line by argon and helium, Phys. Rev. A 2004, 70, 032723 – Published 30 September 2004
M.A. Bouchiat, J. Brossel, P. Mora, and L. Pottier, Properties of rubidium-argon Van der Waals molecules from the relaxation of polarized Rb atoms, J. Phys. France 1975, 36, 1075-1077.
S. Ch'en and M. Takeo, Broadening and Shift of Spectral Lines Due to the Presence of Foreign Gases, Rev. Mod. Phys. 1957, 29, 20.
R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926, p. 170-174.
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?
youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20
A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!
youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERY
EXTREME Density! The White Dwarf Star, Eddington, and Thermodynamics!
youtube.com/watch?v=k4bcb98W9-4
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=qEflSo3JXQ0
The Herouni Antenna - The Death of the Big Bang!
youtube.com/watch?v=p8lKQMEYYLw
Kirchhoff vs Herouni's Antenna!
youtube.com/watch?v=ZrwS7byg4Ec
Link to ticketing for Demysticon:
demysticon@gmail.com
DottieWood Studios
Austin, TX, USA Austin, TX 78754
April 7 · 10am - April 8 · 2pm CDT
Block of rooms: North Central Austin Holiday Inn Express
eventbrite.com/e/demysticon-2024-tickets-727054969987
Link to the DemystifySci Podcast:
youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0w
Block of rooms: North Central Austin Holiday Inn Express
SUMMARY OF OTHER SPEAKERS!
Alberto Martinez:
A Professor of the History of Science and Mathematics UT Austin. He is a former research fellow at The Smithsonian, M.I.T., Harvard, Boston University, and Caltech and has written extensively on the interface between cults, science, mathematics, the history of money and corruption. He will speak on how the last century of physics has gone astray.
Thad Roberts:
A former NASA engineer and researcher at the Quantum Space Theory Institute. He is a theoretical physicist who now champions his own think tank called the “Physics Monastery.” He will speak about what theoretical physics can tell us about the material reality of nature - all equations that describe nature must all be pointing to some universal reference. The identity of this substrate can be derived if we understand what the equations actually mean. He believes that this may be the most fruitful path to unification of relativity with the quantum world.
Michael Levin:
The Vannevar Bush Distinguished Professor at Tufts University, he is a world renowned developmental and synthetic biologist. Levin also serves as the director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University and Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology. The Levin lab integrates approaches from developmental biology, computer science, and cognitive science to investigate the emergence of form and function.
Dr. Levin will speak on the biological philosophy (embodied cognition of cells) that underpins his work.
Michael Shilo Delay & Anastasia Bendebury:
The creators of DemystifySci will also hold a workshop session covering topics from their forthcoming book, Material Atomics, where they examine big questions from the history of physics. They will discuss how we lose material mediators in fundamental physics - how did math come to replace mechanics. They are also interested in how the future of science/tech might benefit from a revitalization of mechanics in particle physics, astrophysics, & cosmology.
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution - I: The Journey to a Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 3-25.
P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans' Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 41-59.
A.S. Eddington, The Internal Constitution of the Stars, Cambridge University Press, 1926.
A.S. Eddington, Stars and Atoms. Yale University Press, New Haven,
1927.
G. Srinivasan, From White Dwarfs to Black Holes: The Legacy of S. Chandrasekhar, University of Chicago Press, 1996.
Remembering Chandra, The University of Chicago Chronicles, Oct. 12, 1995
Vol. 15, No. 3. https://chronicle.uchicago.edu/951012/chandra.shtml
K.C. Wali, Chandrasekhar: The Man Behind the Legend – Chandra Remembered. London: Imperial College Press, 1997.
D. Giordano, et al., Fluid statics of a self-gravitating isothermal sphere of van der Waals’ gas, Dec. 27, 2023, arXiv:2311.12150v2
E. Wigner and H.B. Huntington, On the possibility of a metallic modification of hydrogen. J. Chem. Phys., 1935, v.3, 764–770.
S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Eddington’s mass-luminosity relation and the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 353-357.
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?
youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20
A Star is Born: Gravitational "Collapse" vs Condensation Reactions!
youtube.com/watch?v=kJf0MX96ERY
Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-k
How are Stars Formed? The Standard Model: Gravitational Collapse, Black Holes, and The Big Bang! youtube.com/watch?v=LoqsG7V13G8
Does Gravitational Collapse Occur? Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics! youtube.com/watch?v=DtMee3rrHDY
Thermodynamics and the Virial Theorem - Do's and Don'ts!
youtube.com/watch?v=HSUtQ6LKXuc
The Jeans' Mass - Imaginary Surfaces and the Great Swindle of Astrophysics! youtube.com/watch?v=udqNWpbL9dA
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Main Sequence of the Stars: What is the Most Likely Structure?
youtube.com/watch?v=LmNix3Eih20
How are Stars Formed? The Standard Model: Gravitational Collapse, Black Holes, and The Big Bang! youtube.com/watch?v=LoqsG7V13G8
Does Gravitational Collapse Occur? Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics! youtube.com/watch?v=DtMee3rrHDY
Thermodynamics and the Virial Theorem - Do's and Don'ts!
youtube.com/watch?v=HSUtQ6LKXuc
The Jeans' Mass - Imaginary Surfaces and the Great Swindle of Astrophysics! youtube.com/watch?v=udqNWpbL9dA
Energy Partition in the Sun - Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=k0R9S4HFDrg
Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-k
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM
R. Clampitt and L. Gowland, Clustering of cold hydrogen gas on protons, Nature 1969, 223(5208), 815-816.
R. Clampitt and D.K. Jefferies, Ion Clusters, Nature 1970, 226(5241), 141-142.
N.J. Kirchner, M.T. Bowers, An experimental study of the formation and reactivity of ionic hydrogen clusters: The first observation and characterization of even clusters H4+, H6+, H8+, and H10+, J. Chem. Phys. 1987, 86(3), 1301-1310.
S. Litting, H3+: The Molecule that Made the Universe, April 11, 2012.
https://news.arizona.edu/story/h3-the-molecule-that-made-the-universe
J. Tennyson and S. Miller, Hydrogen molecular ions:H+3, H+5and beyond, Phil. Trans. A 2018, 377, 20180395.
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
P.M. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles’ Heel of the Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 93-99. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDF
S. Basu, Plot Thickens in Solar Opacity Debate, Physics 2019, 12, 65.
physics.aps.org/articles/v12/65
R.O. Gray and C.J. Corbally, Stellar Spectral Classification, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
N. Ashcroft, Optical response near a band overlap: Application to dense hydrogen, in “Molecular Systems Under High Pressure” (R. Pucci and G. Piccitto, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, North-Holland, 1991.
P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans’ Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 41-59. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDF
J.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, 87-97.
A.S. Eddington, The internal constitution of the stars, The Observatory, 1920, 43, 341-358.
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Introduction to the Stars!
youtube.com/watch?v=hjucRZpMldI
How Bright is a Star? Stellar Magnitude Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=wqYSTUI0hpI
What Colors are the Stars? Luminosity, Color, and Temperature Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=CkDjQj_hdZw
Different Star Types? The HR Diagram Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=H4h4rfGDxkk
Blackbody Radiation: the Laws of Stefan, Wien, and Planck! ·
youtube.com/watch?v=h5jOAw57OXM
The Solar Spectrum Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT0
The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6Q
What is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum!
youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TE
The Sun is NOT a Gaseous Plasma! The LMH Solar Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=3bQ1zSfbExo
Experimental Supporting Evidence - Lattice Confinement Fusion Reactions & the Sun! youtube.com/watch?v=080YgC45EJ8
Water, Nuclear Bombs, and the Microwave Background!
youtube.com/watch?v=E1-8ADuETGw
The Herouni Antenna - The Death of the Big Bang!
youtube.com/watch?v=p8lKQMEYYLw
This Stanford site places the density of the photosphere at 10^-9 g/cm^3!
http://solar-center.stanford.edu/vitalstats.html
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Secondly, I had also wanted to discuss the 3rd solar spectrum. This is a highly intriguing spectrum which compares the intensity of Fraunhofer lines at the limb of the Sun versus the disk. I have chosen not to cover this subject and simply notify others of its importance. Here are the key links:
aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2015/01/aa24685-14/aa24685-14.html
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/blog/clv-ss3/
Link to DemystiCon 2024:
eventbrite.com/e/demysticon-2024-tickets-727054969987
Unzicker: The Sun is Liquid. Because you Believe in Evidence.
youtube.com/watch?v=y2NJrFMGHQw
Unzicker On Robitaille's Solar Model
youtube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4I
The Liquid Sun - A coming Revolution in Astrophysics
youtube.com/watch?v=H7vCCSgSeQI
Material Basis of Stars Revisited - Dr. Alexander Unzicker, Theoretical Physicist
youtube.com/watch?v=J4W6pvHlT7U
Patrick Vanraes, Annemie Bogaerts; Plasma physics of liquids—A focused review. Applied Physics Reviews 1 September 2018; 5 (3): 031103. doi.org/10.1063/1.5020511
P.-M.L. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block. Prog. Phys. 2013, 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
A.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, X-ray flare sparks quake inside Sun, Nature 1998, v. 393, 317–318.
nature.com/articles/30629
A.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, Seismic response to solar flares: Theoretical predictions, Proc. 4th SOHO Workshop, Helioseismology, ESA SP-376, ESTEC, Noordwijk, 1995.
http://quake.stanford.edu/~sasha/PAPERS/flare_pap.pdf
P.-M.L. Robitaille, The Collapse of the Big Bang and the Gaseous Sun, New York Times, March 17, 2002, p. A12. web.archive.org/web/20030308161547/http://www.thermalphysics.org/pdf/times.pdf
P.-M.L. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles' Heel of the Gaseous Sun. Progr. Phys., 2011, v. 3, 93-99.
http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDF
Responding to Loose Ends!
youtube.com/watch?v=eRuq04RSpwI
Does the sun have a surface? Transverse waves, Helioseismology, CMEs, X-Rays and Flares!
youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_k
Does the Sun have a surface? Solar tornadoes, Radius, Oblateness, and Differential Rotation!
youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTE
Does the Sun have a Surface? The Chromosphere and Spicules!
youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8
The Solar Spectrum Explained! youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT0
The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6Q
What is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TE
Evidence of Solar Structure: Sunspots, Granules, Faculae, and Limb Darkening!
youtube.com/watch?v=5sazKR1Mi00
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
http://alexander-unzicker.com/cv.html
The Liquid Sun: A Coming Revolution in Astrophysics:
amazon.com
Unzicker on Robitaille’s Solar Model, Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 26, 2014, Bamberg, Germany, youtube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4I
Real Physics Talk: Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Munich 2019
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=0CSL702JSdY
A. Einstein, ‘On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies’, Annalen der Physik 1905, 17, 891-921. https://www.fourmilab.ch/etexts/einstein/specrel/www/
H. Minkowski, ‘Space and Time’, an Address delivered at the 80th Assembly of German Natural Scientists and Physicians, at Cologne, 21 September, 1908.
en.wikisource.org/wiki/Translation:Space_and_Time
Crothers, S. J., On the General Solution to Einstein's Vacuum Field and Its Implications for Relativistic Degeneracy, Progress in Physics, v.1, pp.68-73, (2005), http://vixra.org/pdf/1012.0018.pdf
Crothers, S.J., On Corda's 'Clarification' of Schwarzschild's Solution, Hadronic Journal, Vol. 39, 2016, http://vixra.org/pdf/1602.0221v4.pdf
Crothers, S.J. The Painlevé-Gullstrand 'Extension' - A Black Hole Fallacy, American Journal of Modern Physics, v.5 pp33-39, (2016), vixra.org/pdf/1512.0089v1.pdf
Crothers, S.J., Special Relativity and the Lorentz Sphere, Physics Essays, V.33, No.1, p.15, 2020, http://vixra.org/pdf/1911.0013v2.pdf
G. Ricci-Curbastro, T. Levi-Civita, Matematische Annalen, B. 54, 162, (1901)
A. Einstein, The Field Equations of Gravitation, Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, 1915 (part 2), 844-847,
en.wikisource.org/wiki/Translation:The_Field_Equations_of_Gravitation
Crothers, S.J. Proof that Einstein’s field equations are invalid: Exposition of the unimodular defect, Physics Essays, Volume 34: Pages 420-428, 2021,
vixra.org/pdf/2206.0082v1.pdf
Crothers, S. J., The Einstein and Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensors—A mathematical note on existence, Physics Essays, Volume 33: Pages 268-270, 2020, http://vixra.org/pdf/2001.0531v1.pdf
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=KZTrscf061s
Helium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYY
TOTAL ECLIPSE! Close-up Photography August 21st 2017!
youtube.com/watch?v=WFbCqim4Yfc
Helium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYY
Is the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?
youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKio
The Chromosphere: COLDER than you thought! Evidence from Carbon Monoxide Absorption Lines!
youtube.com/watch?v=5xdjoluC3MM
Is the Sun a Gas? The Standard Solar Model Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=QDFPx6zVxSw
Intercalate Zones in the Sun and Stars!
youtube.com/watch?v=p-VZvIyddao
The Sun is NOT a Gaseous Plasma! The LMH Solar Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=3bQ1zSfbExo
The Hydrogen Phase Diagram & Evidence for the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=cdmD_R3fROU
solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/images/helmet_streamer.jpg
http://umbra.nascom.nasa.gov/spartan/the_corona.html
P.-M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, Dynamics of the Solar Wind: Eugene Parker's Treatment and the Laws of Thermodynamics, Physics Essays 2019, 32(1), 1-4.
J.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, 87-97.
http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-14.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 60-74.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter — The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.M. Robitaille and D. Rabounski, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum — Further Implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Mode, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.
http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDF
NASA: What is a Solar Flare? (accessed 5/11/2023)
hesperia.gsfc.nasa.gov/sftheory/frame1.htm
Degree of Ionization for Helium using SAHA Equation
https://www.aoc.nrao.edu/~smyers/courses/astro12/solution3.html
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYY
Helium, the Chromosphere, and the Electron Thief!
youtube.com/watch?v=AddRHEUYvwo
Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!Å
youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-k
Is the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?
youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKio
youtube.com/watch?v=5xdjoluC3MM
The Chromosphere: COLDER than you thought! Evidence from Carbon Monoxide Absorption Lines!
H. Zirin, The Solar Atmosphere, Blaisdell Publishing Co., Waltham, MA, 1966, (see fig. 9.2, p. 215).
C. Bazin and S. Koutchmy, Helium shells and faint emission lines from slitless flash spectra, J. Adv. Res. Cairo University, 2013, 4, 307-313.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4295049/pdf/main.pdf
C. Bazin, S. Koutchmy, E. Tavabi, The He I and He II chromospheric shells and the Transition Region, arXiv:1008.0404 [astro-ph.SR].
arxiv.org/pdf/1008.0404.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Chromosphere. Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L15-L21. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L6.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere VI. Helium in the Chromosphere. Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L26-L29. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L8.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Corona. Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L22-L25. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L7.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere VII. Further Insights into the Chromosphere and Corona
Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 3, L30-36. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L9.PDF
Second Solar Spectrum
A.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrum
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Katharina Lodders, Solar Elemental Abundances,
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
J.M. Laming et al., Element Abundances: A New Diagnostic Tools for the Solar Wind, Astrophys. J. 2019, 879(124), 16pp.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab23f1/pdf
V.S. Heber et al., Elemental Abundances of Major Elements in the Solar Wind as Measured by Genesis Targets and Implications for Solar Wind Fractionation, Astrophys. J. 2021, 907(15), 16pp.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/abc94a/pdf
Degree of Ionization for Helium using SAHA Equation
https://www.aoc.nrao.edu/~smyers/courses/astro12/solution3.html
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3w
Group IIA Elements: Chromospheric Partial Redistribution vs the Standard Solar Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=2bIgttnELgA
Group IIA Elements: Astronomical Guesswork with the Hanle Effect
youtube.com/watch?v=M_3TgbQR4Xw
Electron configurations, Grotrian Diagrams, and Term Symbols
youtube.com/watch?v=yNlKrgkBd98
Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BM
J.O. Stenflo, C.U. Keller, and A. Gandorfer, Anomalous polarization effects due to coherent scattering on the Sun, Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355, 789-803.
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New window for spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382, 588.
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The second solar spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun. Astron. Astrophys. 1997, 321, 927.
J. O. Stenflo, et al., Center-to-limb variation of the enigmatic Na I D1 and D2 polarization profiles, Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355, 781.
J. Trujillo Bueno, M. Collados, F. Paletou, and G. Molodij, THEMIS Observations of the Second Solar Spectrum, in Advanced Solar Polarimetry: Theory, Observation, and Instrumentation, (M. Sigwarth, Ed.), ASP Conference Series 2001, 236, 141.
V. Bommier and G. Molodij, Some THEMIS-MTR Observations of the Second Solar Spectrum (2000 Campaign), Astron. Astrophys. 2002, 381, 241.
M. Bianda, et al., Second Solar Spectrum observations with ZIMPOL, in: Solar Polarization 8, (L. Belluzzi, et al., Eds.) ASP Conference Series 2019, 526, 223.
J.O. Stenflo, Physics of polarized scattering at multi-level atomic systems, Astrophys. J. 2015, 801, 70(13 pp).
E.A. Ballester, L. Belluzzi, and J.T. Bueno, Solving the paradox of the sodium D1 line polarization, Phys. Rev. Let., 2021, 127,081101. arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/2108/2108.08334.pdf (+ supplement).
K.N. Nagendra, et al., Importance of angle-dependent partial frequency redistribution in hyperfine structure transitions under the incomplete Paschen-Back effect regime, Astrophys. J. 2020, 898, 49(12pp).
K2 absorption bands in the IR
G. Herzberg, Textbook of Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure I. Spectra of Diatomic Molecules, 2nd Ed, D. Van Nostrand Co, 1950, p.307
archive.org/details/molecularspectra032774mbp/page/n7/mode/2up?view=theater
Properties of K2 calculated down to 100K
S. Heimel, Thermodynamic Properties of Potassium to 2100oK, Lewis Research Center, NASA, 1967. ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19670026447/downloads/19670026447.pdf
Second Solar Spectrum
A.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrum
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Solar abundance data
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
T. Levi-Civita, Rendiconti della Reale Accadmeia dei Lincei 1917, 26, 381.
http://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/9906004
G. Ricci-Curbastro, T. Levi-Civita, Matematische Annalen 1901, B54, 162.
S.J. Crothers, On the General Solution to Einstein's Vacuum Field and Its Implications for Relativistic Degeneracy, Progr. Phys. 2005, 1, 68-73. http://www.ptep-online.com/2005/PP-01-09.PDF
S.J. Crothers, On Corda's 'Clarification' of Schwarzschild's Solution, Hadronic Journal 2016, 39, http://vixra.org/pdf/1602.0221v4.pdf
S.J. Crothers, The Painlevé-Gullstrand 'Extension' -A Black Hole Fallacy, Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2016, 5, 33-39. article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/html/10.11648.j.ajmp.s.2016050101.15.html
S.J. Crothers, Special Relativity and the Lorentz Sphere, Physics Essays 2020, 33(1), 15. http://vixra.org/pdf/1911.0013v2.pdf
S.J. Crothers, Proof that Einstein’s field equations are invalid: Exposition of the unimodular defect, Physics Essays 2021, 34, 420-428.
vixra.org/pdf/2206.0082v1.pdf
S.J. Crothers, The Einstein and Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensors—A mathematical note on existence, Physics Essays 2020, 33, 268-270.
http://vixra.org/pdf/2001.0531v1.pdf
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=2bIgttnELgA
The Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3w
Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BM
Beryllium - Hide and Seek in the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=CO8ZBqeMQzs
Relative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!
youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50
Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMM
The MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines! youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2M
Spectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphere
youtube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4
D.L. Lambert and B. Warner, The Abundances of the Elements in the Solar Photosphere – V: The Alkaline Earths Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 1968, 140, 197-221.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1968MNRAS.140..197L
M. Bianda, et al., Hanle depolarization in the solar chromosphere, Astron. Astrophys. 1998, 331, 760-770.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1998A%26A...331..760B
J.J. Bestard, et al., The Effects of Three-dimensional RadiativeTransfer on the Resonance Polarization of the Ca I 4227 Å Line,Astrophys. J. 2021, 909, 183, (15pp).
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/abd94a/pdf
E. Capozzi, et al., The polarization angle in the wings of the Ca I 4227: A new observable for diagnosing unresolved photospheric magnetic fields, Astron. Astrophys. 2022, 657, A44(9 pages).
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2022/01/aa40753-21.pdf
L.S. Anusha, et al, Generalization of the last scattering approximation for the second solar spectrum modelling: The Ca I 4227 Å line as a case study, Astrophys. J. 2010, 718, 988-1000.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/718/2/988/pdf
C. Sasso, et al., The Mg I b triplet and the 4571 Å line as diagnostics of stellar chromospheric activity, Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 604, A50(8 pages).
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2017/08/aa30676-17.pdf
P.J. Mauas, et al., Mg I as a probe of the solar chromosphere: The atomic model, Astrophys. J. 1988, 330, 1008-1021. https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1988ApJ...330.1008M
Y. Chung, et al., Quenching of Spontaneous Einstein Coefficients in Plasmas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 60, 1122. journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1122
Y.-C. Chen and J.L. Lebowitz, Quenching of Einstein coefficients in plasmas, Phys. Rev. A 1990, 41, 2127. aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.859615
F. Aumayr, et al., Quenching of Einstein Coefficients by photons, J. Phys. B, 1991, 24, 4489-4504. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0953-4075/24/21/005/pdf
H. Cao, et al., Quenching A-coefficients by photons in a short discharge tube, J. Phys. B. 1992, 26, 4057-4064. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0953-4075/26/22/011/pdf
G.S. Agarwal and S. Das, Electromagnetic field induced modification of branching ratios for emission in structured vacuum, New Journal of Physics 2007, 10, 013014. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/10/1/013014/pdf
A. Ruavskyi, Influence of environment on spontaneous emission, Relation 12(1). https://www.rug.nl/research/zernike/education/topmasternanoscience/ns190rudavskyi.pdf
Second Solar Spectrum
A.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Solar abundance data
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrum
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3w
Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum!
youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BM
Beryllium - Hide and Seek in the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=CO8ZBqeMQzs
Relative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!
youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50
Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMM
The MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines!
youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2M
Spectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphere
youtube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4
Group IIA Elements: Chromospheric Partial Redistribution vs the Standard Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=2bIgttnELgA
G. Herzberg, Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure, Dover Publications, New York, 1944.
J. Tennyson, Astronomical Spectroscopy: An Introduction to the Atomic and Molecular Physics of Astronomical Spectra, 2nd Ed, World Scientific, New Jersey, 2011.
S.N. Thakur and D.K. Rai, Atom, Laser and Spectroscopy, 2nd Edition, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2013.
W. Curdt, et al. The SUMER spectral atlas of solar disk features,Astron. Astrophys. 2001, 375, 591-613.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2001/32/aa10571.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Solar abundance data
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrum
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3w
Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination & The Second Solar Spectrum!
youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BM
Beryllium - Hide and Seek in the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=CO8ZBqeMQzs
Relative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!
youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50
Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMM
The MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines!
youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2M
Spectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphere
youtube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4
G. Herzberg, Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure, Dover Publications, New York, 1944.
J. Tennyson, Astronomical Spectroscopy: An Introduction to the Atomic and Molecular Physics of Astronomical Spectra, 2nd Ed, World Scientific, New Jersey, 2011.
S.N. Thakur and D.K. Rai, Atom, Laser and Spectroscopy, 2nd Edition, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2013.
D.F. Gray, The Observation and Analysis of Stellar Photospheres, Cambridge University Press, 2nd Ed., 1992.
H. Zirin, The Solar Atmosphere, Blaisdell Publishing Co., Waltham, MA, 1966.
D. Mihalas, Stellar Atmospheres, 2nd Ed, Freeman, San Francisco, 1978.
A.E. Bulyshev, et al, Redistribution function for resonance radiation in a hot dense plasma, JETP 1995, 81(1), 113-121.
B. Talin, et al, Partial redistribution in high-density, highly ionized plasmas, Astrophys. J. 1987, 322, 804-811.
A.V. Demura, et al, Model microfield method for partial redistribution of resonance radiation in dense plasmas, J. Phys. B 1998, 31, 4283-4301.
Second Solar Spectrum
A.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Solar abundance data
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrumβ
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Credit for Mg II Lines: IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research Center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by ESA and the Norwegian Space Centre.
iris.lmsal.com/data.html
Abundance of elements in the earth’s crust and in the sea, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 97th edition (2016–2017), p. 14-17.
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=saKms3oi-UA
The Chromosphere & Second Solar Spectrum: Monitoring the Chemical Playground of the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3w
Relative Solar Abundances of the Elements: A 100 year perspective!
youtube.com/watch?v=orCTFO3xY50
Astrophysics Papers vs Einstein Coefficients: Chemical Coordination and the Second Solar Spectrum
youtube.com/watch?v=ncIV3sUD7BM
J.L. Greenstein and E. Tandberg-Hansen, The Abundance of Beryllium in the Sun, Astrophys. J. 1954, 119, 113-119.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1954ApJ...119..113G
A.M. Boesgaard, Stellar abundances of lithium, beryllium, and boron, Astron. Soc. of the Pacific 1976, 88, 353-366.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1976PASP...88..353B
Y. Takeda, et al., Beryllium Abundances of Solar-Analog Stars, Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 2011, 3,697-713.
academic.oup.com/pasj/article/63/3/697/1452096
S. Randich and L. Magrini, Light Elements in the Universe.
Front. Astron. Space Sci. 2021, 8, 616201.
frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2021.616201/full
S. Korotin1 and A. Kučinskas, Abundance of beryllium in the Sun and stars: The role of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects, Astron. Astrophys. 2022, 657, L11.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2022/01/aa42789-21.pdf
A. Merchant Boesgaard, et al., Lithium and Beryllium in One-solar-mass Stars, Astrophys. J. 2022, 941, 21.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9625/pdf
M. Viallet and I. Baraffe, Scenarios to explain extreme Be depletion in solar-like stars: accretion or rotation effects? Astron. Astrophys. 2012, 546, A113. aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2012/10/aa19445-12.pdf
J. Meléndez, Lithium and beryllium in solar twins, Astron. Nachr. 2020, 341, 493–496.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/asna.202013755
C.E. Moore, A Multiplet table of Astrophysical Interest, National Bureau of Standards, 1945.
nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/NSRDS/nbsnsrds40.pdf
R. Shanmugavel et al., Identification of beryllium hydride isotopomer lines in sunspot umbral spectra. Serb. Astron. J. 2008, 176, 51-58.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2008SerAJ.176...51S
R. Sangeetha et al., On the effective temperature of sunspot umbrae using beryllium hydride isotopomer lines, Serb. Astron. J. 2009, 179, 95-99.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2009SerAJ.179...95S
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New Window for Spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382(6592), 588. nature.com/articles/382588a0
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The Second Solar Spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun, Astro. Astrophysics 1997, 321, 927-934.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1997A%26A...321..927S
P.M. Robitaille, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum – Further implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.
http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDF
Second Solar Spectrum
A.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Solar abundance data
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrum
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=BinXpj44U3w
Is the Sun a Gas? The Standard Solar Model Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=QDFPx6zVxSw
Is the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?
youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKio
J.S. Ames, The Spectrum Researches of Professor J.M. Eder and E. Vallenta, Astrophys. J. 1895, 1, 443-446.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1895ApJ.....1..443A
M. Saha, Ionization of the Solar Chromosphere, Phil. Mag. 1920, 40, 479-488.
http://www.saha.ac.in/web/images/library/digitised%20doc/papers/Page%2038.pdf
J.A. Anderson, The Vacuum Spark Spectrum of Calcium, Astrophys. J. 1924, 59, 76-96. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1924ApJ....59...76A
C.M. Olmstead, Sun-Spot Bands Which Appear in the Spectrum of a Calcium Arc Burning in the Presence of Hydrogen, Astrophys. J., 1908, 27, 66-69. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1908ApJ....27...66O
A.V. Demura, Physical Models of Plasma Microfield, Int. J. Spectros. 2010, 671073, pp42. hindawi.com/journals/ijs/2010/671073
H. Zirin, The mystery of the chromosphere. Solar Phys., 1996, v. 169,
313–326. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1996SoPh..169..313Z
G. Tsiropoula G., et al. Solar fine-scale structures I. Spicules and other small-scale, jet-like events at the chromospheric level: Observations and physical parameters. Space Sci. Rev. 2012, 169, 181–244.
arxiv.org/pdf/1207.3956.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Chromosphere, Progress Phys. 2013, 3, L15-L21. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L6.PDF
D. Nield, How Paint and a Speaker Could Explain The Physics of The Sun's Plasma Jets, March 13, 2022.
sciencealert.com/jets-of-plasma-on-the-sun-are-like-paint-on-a-vibrating-speaker
Spicules in H-Alpha
Credit: Big Bear Solar Observatoryλ
http://www.bbso.njit.edu/images.html
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New Window for Spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382(6592), 588.
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The Second Solar Spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun, Astro. Astrophysics 1997, 321, 927-934.
J.O. Stenflo et al., Anomalous polarization effects due to coherent scattering on the Sun. Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355 789-803.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2000A%26A...355..789S
J.O. Stenflo, Polarization of the Sun’s continuous spectrum, A & A, 2005, 429, 713-730. aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2005/02/aa1667.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum – Further implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.
http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDF
Second Solar Spectrum
A.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum, Istituto ricerche solari Aldo e Cele Daccò, Locarno.
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrum
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Solar abundance data
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE
P.M. Robitaille, Seismology & Surface Tension - on the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=mUsN-_65fqg
P.M. Robitaille, The Sun is NOT a Gaseous Plasma! The LMH Solar Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=3bQ1zSfbExo
P.M. Robitaille, Lithium and the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun! youtube.com/watch?v=89aPquGH5Ro
E. Landau, How Charlotte Moore Sitterly Wrote The Encyclopedia of Starlight, smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-charlotte-moore-sitterly-wrote-encyclopedia-starlight-180973152
Image of Charlotte Moore: nist.gov/image/charlottemooresitterlyjpg
C.E. Moore, A Multiplet table of Astrophysical Interest, National Bureau of Standards, 1945.
nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/NSRDS/nbsnsrds40.pdf
A. De Wijn, et al, Robert J. Rutten (1942–2022) Bull. Am. Astro. Soc., 2022, Vol. 54, id. 076. baas.aas.org/pub/2022i076/release/1
R.J. Rutten, Compendium Solar Spectrum Formation,
arxiv.org/pdf/2103.02369.pdf
Katharina Lodders, Solar Elemental Abundances,
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
H.N. Russell, On the composition of the Sun’s atmosphere, Astrophys. J. 1929, 70, 11-82. https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1929ApJ....70...11R
J.M. Laming et al., Element Abundances: A New Diagnostic Tools for the Solar Wind, Astrophys. J. 2019, 879(124), 16pp.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab23f1/pdf
V.S. Heber et al., Elemental Abundances of Major Elements in the Solar Wind as Measured by Genesis Targets and Implications for Solar Wind Fractionation, Astrophys. J. 2021, 907(15), 16pp.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/abc94a/pdf
M.C. Armas et al., Uncertainties in the solar photospheric oxygen abundance, Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 600, A45, 6pp.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2017/04/aa29446-16.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles’ Heel of the Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 93-99. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDF
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=saKms3oi-UA
2 Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-k
3 Helium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere! youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYY
4 Is the Corona at MILLIONS of degrees?
youtube.com/watch?v=yrYIxKatKio
5 The Chromosphere: COLDER than you thought! Evidence from Carbon Monoxide Absorption Lines! youtube.com/watch?v=5xdjoluC3MM
6 Chemical Reactions, the Periodic Table, and the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=-shBQLdGDZQ
7 Two Electron Transitions in the Chromosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=KykH6MFxdMM
8 Helium, the Chromosphere, and the Electron Thief!
youtube.com/watch?v=AddRHEUYvwo
9 What Elements are in the Sun?
youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE
10 Lithium and the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=89aPquGH5Ro
11 The Saha Equation & the Pressure above the Photosphere!
youtube.com/watch?v=vt_wnyewBm0
12 The MOST IMPORTANT Tool in Astronomy - Analysis of Spectroscopic Lines! youtube.com/watch?v=pUCDfyrrU2M
13 Spectroscopic Lines in the Solar Atmosphere
youtube.com/watch?v=EGMefC08oX4
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, New Window for Spectroscopy, Nature 1996, 382(6592), 588.
J.O. Stenflo and C.U. Keller, The Second Solar Spectrum. A new window for diagnostics of the Sun, Astro. Astrophysics 1997, 321, 927-934.
J.O. Stenflo et al., Anomalous polarization effects due to coherent scattering on the Sun. Astron. Astrophys. 2000, 355 789-803.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/2000A%26A...355..789S
J.O. Stenflo, Polarization of the Sun’s continuous spectrum, A & A, 2005, 429, 713-730. aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2005/02/aa1667.pdf
P.M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, “The Theory of Heat Radiation” Revisited: A Commentary on the Validity of Kirchhoff’s Law of Thermal Emission and Max Planck’s Claim of Universality, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(2), 120-132. http://www.ptep-online.com/2015/PP-41-04.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum – Further implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys. 2015, 11(3), 236-245.
http://ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDF
A. Gandorfer, A high resolution atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum.APS
Conference Series, 2001, v. 236, 109–116.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2001ASPC..236..109G
R.M. Sainz and E.L. Degl’Innocenti, A qualitative interpretation of the second solar spectrum of Ti, Astron. Astrophys. 2002, 394, 1093-1101.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2002/42/aa2798.pdf
L. Bulluzzi, et al., The physical origin and the diagnostic potential of the scattering polarization of Li I resonance doublet at 6708Å, Atrophys. J. 2009, 705(1), 218-225.
Second Solar Spectrum
A.M. Gandorfer, High Resolution Atlas of the Second Solar Spectrum, Istituto ricerche solari Aldo e Cele Daccò, Locarno.
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data-archive/second-solar-spectrum-ss2-atlas/
https://www.irsol.usi.ch/data/data_archive/pdf/SSSatlas.pdf
NIST lines data
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Solar Fraunhofer Spectrum with assignments
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Digital Fraunhofer Spectrum
https://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Solar abundance data
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1912/1912.00844.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
http://ptep-online.com/2006/PP-05-04.PDF
P.-M.L. Robitaille, A High Temperature Liquid Plasma Model of the Sun. Prog. Phys. 2007, 1, 70-81.
http://ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-12.PDF
P.-M.L. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun. Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74. http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
P.-M.L. Robitaille, On the Presence of a Distinct Solar Surface: A Reply to Hervé Faye. Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 75-78. http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-08.PDF
P.-M.L. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block. Prog. Phys. 2013, 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.-M.L. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles' Heel of the Gaseous Sun. Progr. Phys., 2011, v. 3, 93-99.
http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDF
Does the sun have a surface? Transverse waves, Helioseismology, CMEs, X-Rays and Flares!
youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_k
Does the Sun have a surface? Solar tornadoes, Radius, Oblateness, and Differential Rotation!
youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTE
Does the Sun have a Surface? The Chromosphere and Spicules!
youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8
The Solar Spectrum Explained! youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT0
The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model! youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6Q
What is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum! youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TE
Evidence of Solar Structure: Sunspots, Granules, Faculae, and Limb Darkening!
youtube.com/watch?v=5sazKR1Mi00
J.M. Williamson and C.A. DeJoseph, Determination of gas temperature in an open-air atmospheric pressure plasma torch from resolved plasma emission. J. Appl. Phys. 2003, 93, 1893.
aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1536736
S. Chandrasekhar, Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Reprint of the 1939 Edition). Dover Publications, Inc., 1957.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille Debunks "Professor" Dave! - The Sun
youtube.com/watch?v=JRrTvP95kf4
See the Pattern: UNEXPLAINED Problems with the Sun - LMH Sun Part 1
youtube.com/watch?v=cYNDL7xD7l4
See the Pattern: Have We Produced Metallic Hydrogen? LMH Sun Part 2
youtube.com/watch?v=1hVfwqgpGsI
See the Pattern: An Alternative Model for the Sun? LMH Sun Part 3
youtube.com/watch?v=Tb6JcQqrZ9k
Unzicker On Robitaille's Solar Model
youtube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4I
Scott Manley: The Giant Hogg Horn That Discovered the Big Bang
youtube.com/watch?v=6RFRRRJxLmk
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Claimed Supermassive Black Hole Image in M87 (184 Mbytes of data)
eso.org/public/images/eso1907a
5 Petabytes of data:
extremetech.com/extreme/289423-it-took-half-a-ton-of-hard-drives-to-store-eht-black-hole-image-data
April 10th, 2019-Claims of a Black Hole Image: The Day Astrophysics Died
youtube.com/watch?v=kI14fpM3ouU
Scientific Analysis - The Claim of Black Hole Image!
youtube.com/watch?v=Iz8RRN8rY00
The Black Hole Image - Data Fabrication Masterclass!
youtube.com/watch?v=yc9PB_4F-OU
Demystifying Science Podcast: (Anastasia Bendebury and Michael Delay)
youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0w
Check out their new video: “What we got wrong about misinformation”
youtube.com/watch?v=cqb128AbSWU
Demystifying Science Podcasts
podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-demystifysci-podcast/id1523643420
https://anchor.fm/demystifying-science
Demystifying Science (YT short films): youtube.com/c/DemystifyingScience
youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0w
Dr. Robitaille Podcasts
youtube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p8&t=0s
youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXY
youtube.com/watch?v=ZaToSoTl32o
youtube.com/watch?v=f3ObIZ1BrsA
Binary stars figure:
imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/features/yba/CygX1_mass/binary/equation_derive.html
P-M. Robitaille, Hawking Radiation: A Violation of the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, NE Section APS, 2018, Spring, meetings.aps.org/Meeting/NES18/Session/D01.3
P-M. Robitaille, Black Hole Entropy: A Violation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, Ohio Section APS, 2018, Fall,
meetings.aps.org/Meeting/OSF18/Session/C01.18
S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Bekenstein–Hawking black hole entropy, Hawking temperature, and the Unruh effect: Insight from the laws of thermodynamics, 2020, v. 33, 143-148.
What are Black Holes? Science or Science Fiction?
youtube.com/watch?v=cHGT0DgvhNM
Gravitational Thermodynamics: Is it science?
youtube.com/watch?v=mZ2F2Kw5-nQ
Black Hole Escape Velocity?
youtube.com/watch?v=dZbDLd42Uws
Black Hole Geometry Analyzed!
youtube.com/watch?v=0-xCMZLUc2A
S.J. Crothers, On the General Solution to Einstein's Vacuum Field and Its Implications for Relativistic Degeneracy, Progr. Phys. 2005, v.1, 68-73. http://www.ptep-online.com/2005/PP-01-09.PDF
S.J. Crothers, On the Geometry of the General Solution for the Vacuum Field of the Point-Mass, Progr. Phys. 2005, v.2, 3-14.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2005/PP-02-01.PDF
S.J. Crothers, The Painlevé-Gullstrand ‘Extension’ - A Black Hole Fallacy, Am. J. Mod. Phys. 2016, v. 5(1), 33-39. http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/html/10.11648.j.ajmp.s.2016050101.15.html
worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/9041
researchgate.net/post/Stephen_Crothers_Refutation_of_the_Existence_of_Black_Hole
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Birth of the Universe: Theories and Hypotheses - A Russian Perspective
youtube.com/watch?v=9VjP9zV3D5M
https://disk.yandex.ru/i/FnUkHxwI5C5EIg
DemystifySci
The Sun Isn't Gaseous Plasma: The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Hypothesis
youtube.com/watch?v=1OCL5Lq8m6s
The Microwave Background - COBE Satellite Results Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=cqM6lZOvZcs
Water Structure, Hydrogen Bonds, and the Microwave Background!
youtube.com/watch?v=WOoxNeL6lFw
Water & The Microwave Background: Amusing Quotes from Cosmologists!
youtube.com/watch?v=_aJ2Hs8WJHc
Water, Nuclear Bombs, and the Microwave Background!
youtube.com/watch?v=E1-8ADuETGw
D. Chan, Combining Statistical, Physical, and Historical Evidence to Improve Historical Sea-Surface Temperature Records, Harv. Data Sci. Rev. 2021, v. 3(1).
https://hdsr.mitpress.mit.edu/pub/2xxlfhva/release/2
S.R. Smith et al., Ship-Based Contributions to Global Ocean, Weather, and Climate Observing Systems, Front. Mar. Sci. 2019, v. 6, art 434.
frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00434/full
A. Penzias and R. Wilson, A Measurement Of Excess Antenna Temperature At 4080 Mc/s. Astrophys. J. Letters 1965, v. 142, 419-421.
bit.ly/2CMq76V
G.F. Smoot et al., Long wavelength measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation spectrum, Astrophys. 1987, v. 317, L45-L49.
https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1987ApJ...317L..45S
F.T. Ulaby, R.K. Moore, A.K. Fung, Microwave Remote Sensing Active and Passive (V. 1-3), Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1982.
F.T. Ulaby and D.G. Long, Microwave Radar and Radiometric Remote Sensing, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 2013.
F. Weng, Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Earth: for Meteorological Applications, Wiley-VCH, Hoboken, NJ, 2017.
P.J. Minnett, et al, Half a century of satellite remote sensing of sea-surface temperature, Rem. Sensing Environ. 2019, 233, 111366.
https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/191605483/1_s2.0_S0034425719303852_main.pdf
B. Lambrigtsen, GeoSTAR-A new approach for a Geostationary microwave sounder, International TOVS Study Conference-XIII Proceedings, Sainte-Adèle, Québec, Canada, 10/29–11/4 2003, p. 536-543.”
http://library.ssec.wisc.edu/research_Resources/publications/pdfs/ITSC13/lambrigtsen01_ITSC13_2003.pdf
B. Lambrigtsen, Calibration of the AIRS Microwave Instruments, IEEE Trans. Geoscience Remote Sensing, 2003, 41(2), 369-378.
W. Blackwell, et al., On-orbit radiometric validation and field-of-view calibration of spaceborn microwave sounding instruments, Microwave Remote Sensing fo the atmosphere and environment VI, Noumea, New Caledonia: SPIE 2008, 71540A-12.
https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/52596
B. Yan, et al., Calibration and Validation of Antenna and Brightness Temperatures from Metop-C Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A), Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 2978.
mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/2978
E. Kim et al., S-NPP ATMS instrument prelaunch and on-orbitperformance evaluation, J. Geophys. Res.: Atmospheres 2014, v. 119, 5653-5670.
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2013JD020483
G.C. Hulley et al, The ASTER Global Emissivity Dataset (ASTER GED): Mapping Earth's emissivity at 100 meter spatial scale, Geophys. Res. Letters 2015, 42, 7966-7976.
agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2015GL065564
jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia18833-nasa-spacecraft-maps-earths-global-emissivity
General: ospo.noaa.gov/Products/atmosphere/mirs/index.html(good general information page)
Key Site to retrieve satellite data: star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/radio.php
Windstat: Satellite (Coriolis) star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/windsat.php
star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/amsua.php
star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/mhs.php
star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/ssmis.php
star.nesdis.noaa.gov/mirs/amsr2.php
star.nesdis.noaa.gov/jpss/documents/ATBD/D0001-M01-S01-001_JPSS_ATBD_ATMS-SDR_A.pdf
NOAA Drifter Buoys Map aoml.noaa.gov/phod/graphics/dacdata/globpop.gif
NOAA Moored Buoys Map catalog.data.gov/dataset/meteorological-and-oceanographic-data-collected-from-the-national-data-buoy-center-coastal-mari
This channel is educational in nature.
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=7QVm_50-BDg
Structure of Liquid Water | Dr. Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=w3uZjdyrYeU
Water Structure, Hydrogen Bonds, and the Microwave Background!
youtube.com/watch?v=WOoxNeL6lFw
Water & The Microwave Background: Amusing Quotes from Cosmologists!
youtube.com/watch?v=_aJ2Hs8WJHc
What is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum!
youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TE
Y. Marechal, The Hydrogen Bond and the Water Molecule: The Physics and Chemistry of Water, Aqueous and Biomedia, Elsevier Press, Amsterdam, 2007.
P.M. Robitaille, Water, Hydrogen Bonding and the Microwave Background, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 5, no. 2, L5-L8.
http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-17-L2.PDF
M.A. Brazhnikov and M.F. Gogulya, Some Aspects of Shock-Induced Radiation from Transparent Media, Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 2004, v. 40(1), 110-118.
link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:CESW.0000013673.95281.0f
G.A. Lyzenga, et al., The temperature of shock‐compressed water, J. Chem. Phys. 1982, v. 76(12), 6282-6286.
https://authors.library.caltech.edu/11032/1/LYZjcp82.pdf
Z. Zhang, et al., The electron density delocalization of hydrogen bond systems, Advances in Physics: X 2018, v. 3(1), 298-315.
tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23746149.2018.1428915
B. Wang, et al., Correlation between electron delocalization and structural planarization in small water rings, Int. J. Quant. Chem. 2015, v. 115(13), 817-819.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qua.24897
S. Scheiner, The Hydrogen Bond. A Hundred Years and Counting, J. Ind. Inst. Sci. 2020, v. 100, 61–76.
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41745-019-00142-8
https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1854&context=chem_facpub
S. Chen, et al., The observation of oxygen—oxygen interactions in ice, New J. Physics 2016, 18, 023052.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/18/2/023052/pdf
S. Glasstone and P.J. Dolan, The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, 3rd Ed.,
United States Department of Defense and the Energy Research and Development Administration, 1977.
G.H. Pollack, The Fourth Phase of Water, Beyond Solid, Liquid, and Vapor. Ebner and Sons Publishers, Seattle, 2013.
D.C. Elton, et al., Exclusion Zone Phenomena in Water—A Critical Review of Experimental Findings and Theories, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, v. 21(14), 5041.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7404113
Kebes at English Wikipedia
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Absorption_spectrum_of_liquid_water.png
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
This channel is educational in nature.
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by
the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=5i6mCNgJNZs
The Microwave Background - COBE Satellite Results Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=cqM6lZOvZcs
The CMB, Angular Power Spectrum, & Mathemagics!
youtube.com/watch?v=iVRWAOuz71M
A. Penzias and R. Wilson, A Measurement of Excess Antenna Temperature At 4080 Mc/s. Astrophys. J. Letters 1965, v. 142, 419-421.
bit.ly/2CMq76V
R.H. Dicke, P.J.E. Peebles, P.J. Roll, D.T. Wilkinson, Cosmic Black-Body Radiation. Astrophys. J. Letters 1965, v. 142, 414-419.
bit.ly/2RiLZMm
C. Dreifus, How Two Pigeons Helped Scientists Confirm the Big Bang Theory, Think Big: A Smithsonian magazine special report, 2/19/2014
smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-scientists-confirmed-big-bang-theory-owe-it-all-to-a-pigeon-trap-180949741
U. Kaatze, et al., Hydrogen network fluctuations and dielectric spectrometry of liquids, J. Non-Crystalline Solids, 2002, v. 305(1-3), 19-28. sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022309302010840?via%3Dihub
P. Lunkenheimer, et al., Electromagnetic-radiation absorption of water, Phys. Rev. E 2017, 96, 062607. arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1612/1612.01457.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, COBE: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 4, 17-42. http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-19-03.PDF
G. Smoot and K. Davidson, Wrinkles in time: witness to the birth of the Universe. Harper Perennial, New York, N.Y., 1993.
J.C. Mather and J. Boslough, The very first light. Basic Books, New York, N.Y., 1996.
R. Weiss, Measurements of the cosmic background radiation. Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 1980, v. 18, 489–535. annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.aa.18.090180.002421
D.P. Woody, An observation of the submillimeter cosmic background spectrum. University of California, Berkeley, 1975
proquest.com/openview/58e11371f33f24b3f81052bc98306324/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
J. Singal et al, The ARCADE 2 instrument. Astrophys. J. 2011, v. 730(2), 138. iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/730/2/138
J.C. Mather, Far infrared spectrometry of the Cosmic Background Radiation. University of California, 1974.
osti.gov/servlets/purl/4309827
D. Wilkinson, The microwave background anisotropies: observations. PNAS, 1998, v. 95(1), 29–34. pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.95.1.29
S. Bard, J. Stein, and S.W. Petrick, Advanced radiative cooler with angled shields. Spacecraft radiative transfer and temperature control (T.E. Horton, Ed). Prog. Astronautics & Aeronautics, 1982, v. 83, 249–258. arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/5.9781600865572.0249.0258
J.C. Mather et al., Calibrator design for the COBE far infrared absolute spectrometer (FIRAS). Astrophys. J., 1999, v. 512, 511–520.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/306805
Kebes at English Wikipedia
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Absorption_spectrum_of_liquid_water.png
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
This channel is educational in nature.
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by
the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=7QVm_50-BDg
Structure of Liquid Water | Dr. Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=w3uZjdyrYeU
Energy Partition in the Sun - Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=k0R9S4HFDrg
IR Spectrum of HCL: Caroline Frank
franklycaroline.com/writing/infrared-spectrometric-rotational-and-vibrational-analysis-of-hcl-and-dcl
chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Pacific_Union_College/Quantum_Chemistry/13%3A_Molecular_Spectroscopy/13.03%3A_Unequal_Spacings_in_Vibration-Rotation_Spectra
Y. Marechal, The Hydrogen Bond and the Water Molecule: The Physics and Chemistry of Water, Aqueous and Biomedia, Elsevier Press, Amsterdam, 2007.
T.R. Dyke, Group theoretical classification of the tunneling-rotational energy levels in the water dimer. J. Chem. Phys., 1977, v. 66, 492-497.
aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.433968
T.R. Dyke, et al., The structure of water dimer from molecular beam electric resonance spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys. 1977, v. 66, 498-510.
aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.433969
J.D. Smith, et al., Energetics of hydrogen bond network rearrangements in liquid water, Science 2004, v. 306, 851-853.
science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1102560
P.M. Robitaille, Water, Hydrogen Bonding and the Microwave Background, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 5, no. 2, L5-L8.
http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-17-L2.PDF
G.H. Pollack, The Fourth Phase of Water, Beyond Solid, Liquid, and Vapor. Ebner and Sons Publishers, Seatle, 2013.
C.D. Cappa et al., Effects of cations on the hydrogen bond network of liquid water: New results from X-ray absorption spectroscopy of liquid microjets, J. Phys. Chem. 2006, v. 110, 5301-5309.
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jp054699c
J.D. Smith et al., The effects of dissolved halide anions on hydrogen bonding in water, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, v. 129, 13847-13856.
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja071933z
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
This channel is educational in nature.
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
New York Times Ad:
http://thermalphysics.org/times.pdf
http://thermalphysics.org/NYTimesProof.Typesetter.Corrections.pdf
http://thermalphysics.org/NYTimesProof.Pierre-Marie.Corrections.pdf
Alexander Unzicker's Real Physics Talk: Pierre-Marie Robitaille
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
link to discussion of the NYTIMES ad starting @13:43:
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ&t=823s
Podcast 1 Robitaille - Seeing the World in Radiowaves
youtube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p8&t=0s
Podcast 2 Robitaille - Black Bodies Require A Rigid Lattice
youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXY&t=0s
link to discussion of NYTIMES Ad starting @ 34:14:
youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXY&t=2054s
Podcast 3 Robitaille - Is the Sun Not a Gaseous Plasma?
youtube.com/watch?v=ZaToSoTl32o&t=0s
Podcast 4 Robitaille - Big Bang or Big Splash?
youtube.com/watch?v=f3ObIZ1BrsA&t=0s
Podcast 5 Dr. Nicky Fox, NASA Heliophysics
youtube.com/watch?v=dXUT1gxLGWM
James Glanz, Ripples in Ohio From Ad on the Big Bang, NYTimes, 3/19/2002.
nytimes.com/2002/03/19/us/ripples-in-ohio-from-ad-on-the-big-bang.html
Everthing has a price, RTD Research and Communication: European Commission, Special Edition on Science and the Media, Sept. 2002, p. 5.
yumpu.com/en/document/read/22907132/rtd-info-european-commission-europa (GO TO PAGE 5)
OSU Radiologist Buys Ad In New York Times To Publicize Theory, 3/19/2002.
cleveland19.com/story/709782/osu-radiologist-buys-ad-in-new-york-times-to-publicize-theory
Bob Park, 2. Alternative Publishing: Communicating Science by Full Page Ad, What's New, March 29, 2002.
http://bobpark.physics.umd.edu/WN02/wn032902.html
https://mailman.yale.edu/pipermail/eas-info/2002/000280.html
D. Kyriakou, Science through advertizing, Archive European Integration, June 2002, No. 65, p. 2.
http://aei-dev.library.pitt.edu/74050/1/June_2002_No_65.pdf
New York Times Ad - Liquid Sun and no Big Bang, 2002-Mar-21, 11:54 AM
forum.cosmoquest.org/forum/the-proving-grounds/against-the-mainstream/797-new-york-times-ad-liquid-sun-and-no-big-bang
P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II:
The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans' Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Physics 2011, v. 3, 41-59.
http://ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDF
S. Chandrasekhar, Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1969.
John Wilkins
https://physics.osu.edu/news/john-wilkins-remembered-physics-community
https://www.asc.ohio-state.edu/wilkins.5/vita/
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
This channel is educational in nature.
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Rainbow thumbnail:
CC attribution:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WhereRainbowRises.jpg
Cauldron:
CC attribution:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Old_cauldrons.jpg
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
This channel is educational in nature.
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Modeling Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Outro Music:
Also sprach Zarathustra (Thus Spoke Zarathustra)
pond5.com/artist/tak_music
Paid license
https://www.sao.ru/Doc-en/Events/2020/Memory/
celestis.com/participants-testimonials/dr-oleg-v-verkhodanov
O. V. Verkhodanov, Series of Anomalies of low multipoles of WMAP and Planck Missions: What are They? Phys. Part. Nuclei, 2015, 46, 237–247.
https://www1.jinr.ru/publish/Pepan/v-46-2/18_verk.pdf
O. V. Verkhodanov, Low Multipoles Anomalies of CMB Maps, in "Radiative Mechanisms of Astrophysical Objects (V. Grining et al., eds.). Yerevan, 2017, 363-370.
P.M. Robitaille, WMAP: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2007, v. 3, no. 1, 3-18. http://ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-01.PDF
D. Larson et al.,Comparing PLANCK and WMAP: Maps, spectra, and parameters, Astrophys. J. 2015, 801, 9.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/801/1/9
G.E. Addison, et al., Quantifying discordance in the 2015 PLANCK CMB spectrum, Astrophys. J. 2016, 818, 132.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/132
Hinshaw, et al., Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Temperature Analysis, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 2003, 170, 288-334.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/513698/pdf
C. Barnes, et al., First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Galactic Signal Contamination from Side Lobe Pickup, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 2003, 148, 51-62.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/377227
Y. Akrami, et al., Power Asymmetry in WMAP and Planck Temperature Sky Maps as Measured by Local Variance Estimator, Astrophys. J. Lett. 2014, 784(L42),
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/784/2/L42/pdf
Cold Spot
Discovery paper:
M. Cruz, et al., Detection of a non-Gaussian Spot in WMAP, MNRAS 2005, 356(1), 29–40. https://arXiv:astro-ph/0405341
M. Cruz, et al, The non-Gaussian cold spot in Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe: significance, morphology and foreground contribution, MNRAS 2006, 369(1), 57–67.
academic.oup.com/mnras/article/369/1/57/1051444
Extragalactic radio sources and the WMAP cold spot L. Rudnick, et al., Extragalactic radio sources and the WMAP cold spot Astrophys. J. 2007
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/522222/pdf
A. Kovács, et al., The DES view of the Eridanus supervoid and the CMB cold spot, MNRAS, 2022, 510(1), 216–229.
doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3309
R. Mackenzie, et al, Evidence against a supervoid causing the CMB Cold Spot, MNRAS 2017, 470(2), 2328–2338. academic.oup.com/mnras/article/470/2/2328/3752440?login=false
C.H. Lineweaver, 7: Gold in the Doppler Hills: Cosmological Parameters in the Microwave Background, in “Quantum Fluctuations to Cosmological Structures”, ASP Conference Series 1997, v. 126, 185-205.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1997ASPC..126..185L
N. Aghanim, et al., Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters, Astron. Astrophys. 2020, A6.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2020/09/aa33910-18.pdf
N. Aghanin, et al., Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods, Astron. Astrophys. 2020, A5.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2020/09/aa36386-19.pdf
M. Birkinshaw, The Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Effect, Phys. Reports 1999, v. 310, 97-195. doi.org/10.1016/S0370-1573(98)00080-5
arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9808050
J.E. Carlstrom, et al., Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2002, v. 40, 643-680.
annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.astro.40.060401.093803
ABELL CLUSTER
M. Douspis, Planck SZ Clusters, Société Française d’Astronomie et d’Astrophysique (SF2A) 2011.
http://sf2a.eu/semaine-sf2a/2011/proceedings/2011sf2a.conf..0021D.pdf
https://sci.esa.int/web/planck/-/47697-multi-band-observations-of-the-galaxy-cluster-abell-2319
Abe et al., Planck early results. VIII. The all-sky early Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster sample, Astron. Astrophys. 2011, v. 536, A8.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2011/12/aa16459-11.pdf
K. S. Cover, Sky maps without anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background are a better fit to WMAP's uncalibrated time-ordered data than the official sky maps. Europhys. Lett., Volume 87, Number 6, 69003.
robots.iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1209/0295-5075/87/69003/pdf
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0905/0905.3971.pdf
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0067-0049/192/2/17
H. Liu and T.P. Li, Missing Completely of the CMB Quadrupole in WMAP Data, Chin. Sci. Bull. 2013, 58, 1243–1249.
arxiv.org/pdf/1203.5720.pdf
H. Liu and T.P. Li, New Evidence for Lack of CMB Power on Large Scales,
Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 2010, 53, 567-570.
arxiv.org/pdf/0911.4063.pdf
W. Zhao and L. Santos, The Weird Side of the Universe: Preferred Axis
Int. J. Modern Phys.: Conf. Series 2017, v. 45, 17600009.
The Energy of empty space that isn't zero, A Talk With Lawrence M. Krauss [7.5.06]
edge.org/conversation/lawrence_m_krauss-the-energy-of-empty-space-that-isnt-zero
M. Tegmark, A. de Oliveira-Costa, and A.J.S. Hamilton, High resolution foreground cleaned CMB map from WMAP Phys. Rev. D, 2003, 68, 123523.
journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.68.123523
C.J. Copi, D. Huterer, D.J. Schwarz, G. D. Starkman, On the large-angle anomalies of the microwave sky Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 367, Issue 1, March 2006, Pages 79–102, doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09980.x
academic.oup.com/mnras/article/367/1/79/1020698
K. Land, J. Magueijo, The Axis of Evil, Phys.Rev.Lett. 95 (2005) 071301.
W. Zhao and L. Santos, Preferred Axis in Cosmology, arXiv:1604.05484v3, 2016.
I Have No Idea How I Ended Up in That Stupid Geocentrism Documentary, by Laurence Krauss,
slate.com/technology/2014/04/lawrence-krauss-on-ending-up-in-the-geocentrism-documentary-the-principle.html
Scott Neuman, Why Physicists Are In A Film Promoting An Earth-Centered Universe, April 8, 2014.
npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/04/08/300609595/why-physicists-are-in-a-film-promoting-an-earth-centered-universe
Church Militant: "Thoughtcrime: The Conspiracy to Stop The Principle"
youtube.com/watch?v=0eVUSDy_rO0
Clement Pryke quote found here: Dazzling 'discovery' of gravitational waves from the Big Bang goes Poof with New Data, Washington Post, Jan 30, 2015
Kate Land, João Magueijo, The Axis of Evil revisited. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 378, Issue 1, June 2007, Pages 153–158, doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11749.x
Planck CMB anomalies: astrophysical and cosmological secondary effects and the curse of masking A. Rassat, J.-L. Starck, P. Paykari, F. Sureau and J. Bobin Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Volume 2014, August 2014
C.J. Copi, et al., Large-Angle Anomalies in the CMB
Advances in Astronomy, 2010, Article ID 847541,17pages
http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/aa/2010/847541.pdf
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio
State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the
Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the
world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment
brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics,
such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.html
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.html
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by
the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
bit.ly/2CMq76V
P.M. Robitaille, WMAP: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2007, v. 3, no. 1, 3-18.
http://ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-01.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, COBE: A Radiological Analysis, Progr. Phys. 2009, v. 5, no. 4, 17-42.
http://ptep-online.com/2009/PP-19-03.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, The Planck Satellite LFI and the Microwave Background: Importance of the 4 K Reference Targets, Progr. Phys. 2010, v. 6, no. 3, 11-18.
http://ptep-online.com/2010/PP-22-02.PDF
J.M. Lamarre, et al., Planck-HFI, its Calibration and its connexions with HSO calibrations
http://herschel.esac.esa.int/Hcal/documents/Lamarre.pdf (accessed on 5/29/2020)
Penzias and Wilson horn
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Horn_Antenna-in_Holmdel%2C_New_Jersey_-_restoration1.jpg
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Horn_Antenna-in_Holmdel,_New_Jersey.jpeg
G. Hinshaw et al. Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: temperature analysis. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 170:288-334, 2007.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/513698/pdf
COBE Dipole:
A. Kogut, et al. Dipole Anisotropy in the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometers First-Year Sky Maps Astrophys. J., 1993, 419, 1-6.
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1993ApJ...419....1K
WMAP Dipole:
Hinshaw, et al., Three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Temperature Analysis, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Series, 2003, 170, 288-334.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/513698/pdf
Planck Dipole:
Planck Collaboration, Planck 2015 Results VIII. High Frequency Instrument data processing: Calibration and maps, Astron. Astrophys. 2016, 594, A8.
aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2016/10/aa25820-15.pdf
D. J. Fixsen, The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background, Astrophys. J., 2009, 707(2), 916-920.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/916/pdf
I. Strukov, D. Skulachev, and A. Brjukhanov, The results of Relict-1 Spaceborne Experiment, Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Vulcano Workshop 2008, 1994 in Vulcano, Italy, 1995, p.139.
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1995foap.conf..139S
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio
State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the
Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the
world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment
brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics,
such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.html
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.html
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Astro2020 Science White Paper
assets.pubpub.org/isa7ctwr/71598543923100.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block,
Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 4, 90-142. http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
J.C. Robitaille and P.M. Robitaille Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling
and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun, Progr. Phys. 2013, v. 2, 87-97.
http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-14.PDF
Does the sun have a surface?
youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_k
Is the Sun a Gas:
youtube.com/watch?v=QDFPx6zVxSw
Intercalate Zones in the Sun and Stars!
youtube.com/watch?v=p-VZvIyddao
Lattice Confinement Fusion Reactions & the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=080YgC45EJ8
The Hydrogen Phase Diagram:
youtube.com/watch?v=cdmD_R3fROU
Demystifying Science
podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/demystifying-science/id1523643420
https://anchor.fm/demystifying-science
Demystifying Science (YT short films):
youtube.com/c/DemystifyingScience
Between Two Aliens (YT interviews):
youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0w
Podcast 1 Crothers - What If Einstein Was Wrong? youtube.com/watch?v=wMBIt7bHt9s
Podcast 1 Robitaille - Seeing the World in Radiowaves youtube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p8
Podcast 2 Robitaille - Black Bodies Require A Rigid Lattice youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXY
Podcast 3 Robitaille - Is the Sun Not a Gaseous Plasma? youtube.com/watch?v=ZaToSoTl32o
Podcast 4 Robitaille - Big Bang or Big Splash?
youtube.com/watch?v=f3ObIZ1BrsA
2021 The Biggest Misconception about Science
youtube.com/watch?v=KOM-rCiyEcQ
Patreon @DemystifySci: patreon.com/demystifysci
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio
State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the
Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the
world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment
brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics,
such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.html
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.html
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by
the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
2018 Davidson: The Sun is not Gaseous youtube.com/watch?v=_A7VFVwAA5U
2015 Robitaille: On the Chromosphere and Corona youtube.com/watch?v=0Lg5eR7T61A
2017 Robitaille: The Life Cycle of the Stars youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM
2019 Robitaille: Revelations Through MRI youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
2/11/2013 youtube.com/watch?v=RvH_ov6QxCE
7/3/2013 youtube.com/watch?v=CuVSv7Ebe78
11/27/2014 youtube.com/watch?v=UqpAbfqSHtU
3/26/2015 youtube.com/watch?v=1oN2hgngDwI
4/15/2017 youtube.com/watch?v=dhBs7dLXZtw
3/18/2019 youtube.com/watch?v=O5jPF6xhqmo
5/13/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=6wpnrKhxYvg
5/23/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=pYgkyViHowk
6/22/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=OZdv20upmDk
11/22/2020 youtube.com/watch?v=oe5jMwloJYc
9/16/2021 youtube.com/watch?v=j2g_NwWV_lo
10/3/2021 youtube.com/watch?v=Q4djO6P1ozI
Electric Universe - Thunderbolt Project
2014 Sun on Trial: youtube.com/watch?v=9TOKo7Ik9f8
2014 Kirchhoff's Law: youtube.com/watch?v=3Hstum3U2zw
2014 The CMB: youtube.com/watch?v=i8ijbu3bSqI
2015 Kirchhoff's Claims: youtube.com/watch?v=c-Luq0fOJK8
Alexander Unzicker
Unzicker's Real Physics: youtube.com/user/TheMachian
2014 Unzicker on Robitaille's Solar Model youtube.com/watch?v=w21K4KiYd4I
2019 Real Physics Talk: Pierre-Marie Robitaille youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
2019 Kirchhoff's Law youtube.com/watch?v=sqaXL85FpYg
Water Conference:
2020 Have Astronomers Assigned a Signal Produced by the Oceans to the Cosmos?
youtube.com/watch?v=7QVm_50-BDg
Demystifying Science
podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/demystifying-science/id1523643420
https://anchor.fm/demystifying-science
Demystifying Science (YT short films): youtube.com/c/DemystifyingScience
Between Two Aliens (YT interviews): youtube.com/channel/UClQN8DoUPXl37JOLnFBTM0w
open.spotify.com/show/4G3vS4395sUBnBksksXDmM?si=mXrizwtwRgOo8saBcCuiyQ&nd=1
2021 Crothers What If Einstein Was Wrong? youtube.com/watch?v=wMBIt7bHt9s
2021 Pollack The Strangeness of Ordered Water youtube.com/watch?v=h99Z0FCjeTs
2021 Robitaille Seeing the World in Radiowaves youtube.com/watch?v=ubg_l8RH0p8
2021 Robitaille Black Bodies Require A Rigid Lattice youtube.com/watch?v=0fB9M4vjHXY
Donate: paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=W3TLL8HR59VRC
Patreon @DemystifySci: patreon.com/demystifysci
"Demystifying Science is the educational media project of two scientists that traded the lab bench for the pen and camera.
Michael Shilo DeLay and Anastasia Bendebury attained PhDs from Columbia University in 2018. DeLay specialized in nanoscale
water mechanics and Bendebury in the electric nature of bacterial communication. Prior to this, DeLay studied neuroscience
at Kenyon College, cell-signalling at Yale, Ohio State, and UCSF. Bendebury studied genetics and microbiology at UCSD and UCSF.
They have published and presented widely in these fields and have written for pop-sci magazines like Discover, Nautilus, and Astronomy.
Demystifying Science creates media that untangles Nature’s mysteries in service of a more resilient human future. The DS podcast
and YouTube productions center on the fictional travels and trials of two alien scientists sent from the planet Alvafloss to study
humanity. This angle affords a unique perspective on Earth events over the course of in-depth conversations with many of the world's
greatest thinkers." youtube.com/demystifyingscience
Progress in Physics, 2018, v. 14(3), 141-151.
http://ptep-online.com/2018/PP-54-08.PDF
J.C. de Vos, Evaluation of the quality of a blackbody. Physica, 1954, v. 20, 669–689.
P. Herouni, Measured Parameters of Large Antenna of ROT-54/2.6 Tell about Absence of Big Bang, Journal of Astrophysics: Reports. — National Academy of Sciences of Armenia 2007, v. 107, no. 1. 73-78.
http://rnas.asj-oa.am/2542/1/73.pdf
P. Herouni, About Self Noises of Radio-Optical Telescope ROT-54/2.6 Antenna. Journal of Applied Electromagnetism. Athens. 1999, v. 2, No. 1, 51-57.
The aforementioned paper by Professor Herouni has just been reinstated as item 7 (the last) in JAE V.2., N.2 (not the original V.2., N.1) 1999.
It has no page numbers and is a pdf file of scanned images of the pages of the original paper. One can simply compare with adjacent papers to notice the change.
Here is the link to the zip file of all papers in V.2, N.2, 1999. http://jae.ece.ntua.gr/archive/1999/vol2no2_June1999.zip
The general archive page is here: http://jae.ece.ntua.gr/archive/archive_index.html
Armenian Video about Herouni's Antenna on Youtube:
youtube.com/watch?v=lptQsWD0LDQ
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the
Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.html
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.html
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
http://www.ptep-online.com/2007/PP-08-01.PDF
Astrospace Center http://asc-lebedev.ru/
Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astro_Space_Center_(Russia)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roscosmos
Vladimir Kurt
http://www.asc.rssi.ru/mosdeparts/QuantAstrophys/vkurt.html
Friedman Award of the Russian Academy of Sciences
shorturl.at/cBDW5
S.J. Crothers,‘Flaws in Black Hole Theory and General Relativity’
in “Proceedings of the XXIXth International Workshop on High Energy
Physics, Protvino, Russia, 26-28 June 2013.
http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/9041
Link to the Russian Documentary:
The Birth of the Universe: Theories and Hypotheses
https://disk.yandex.ru/i/FnUkHxwI5C5EIg
Oleg D. Dalkarov
Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Lebedev Physical Institute,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
springer.com/journal/11450/editors
Vitaly A. Lopota
https://www.energia.ru/en/corporation/bio/lopota.html
Sky Scholar Link to video on Herouni’s Antenna:
youtube.com/watch?v=p8lKQMEYYLw
Armenian Video about Herouni's Antenna on Youtube:
youtube.com/watch?v=lptQsWD0LDQ&t=0s
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the
Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.html
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.html
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars,
thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all
things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that
the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even
the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please
subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the
Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.html
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: nasa.gov/mission_pages/hinode/index.html
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitaille
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
The Saha Equation & the Pressure above the Photosphere! 2/22/2021
youtube.com/watch?v=vt_wnyewBm0
P.M. Robitaille, Commentary Relative to the Emission Spectrum of the Solar Atmosphere: Further Evidence for a Distinct Solar Surface, Progr. Phys. 2013, 3, L2-L4. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L2.PDF
J.E. Vernazza, et al., The Solar Chromosphere. III. Models of EUV Brightness Components of the Quiet Sun, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 1981, 45, 635-725. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1981ApJS...45..635V
C.E. Alissandrakis, et al., IRIS observations of spicules and structrues near the solar limb, Solar Phys. 2018, 293, 20.
H.R. Zaidi, Resonance broadening in high density gases, Can. J. Phys. 1977, 55(14), 1243-1251. cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/p77-160
K.J.H. Phillips, U. Feldman, and E. Landi, Ultraviolet and X-Ray Spectroscopy of the Solar Atmosphere, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Fraunhofer Spectrum (Great online resource)
http://bass2000.obspm.fr/solar_spect.php
Fraunhofer Spectrum (with peak assignments)
http://bass2000.obspm.fr/download/solar_spect.pdf
Link to short clip displaying a changing solar image as frequency is swept. http://www.arcetri.astro.it/science/solare/IBIS/
Data about the Sun
nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.html
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
H. Zirin, Astrophysics of the Sun, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988, p. 61.
G. Herzberg, Atomic spectra and atomic structure, Dover Publications, New York, 1944.
K.J.H. Phillips, U. Feldman and E. Landi, Ultraviolet and X-Ray Spectroscopy of the Solar Atmosphere, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
M. Mizushima, Quantum Mechanics of Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure, W.A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 1970.
S.R.G. Joyce, et al., The gravitational redshift of Sirius B, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 2018, 481, 2361–2370. https://shorturl.at/itBPV
G.E. Hale, On the probable existence of a magnetic field in Sun-spots, Astrophys. J., 1908, 28, 315-343. http://shorturl.at/bnrJS
G.E. Hale, et al., The magnetic polarity of Sun-spots, Astrophys. J., 1919, 49, 153-185. http://shorturl.at/jEW01
M. Kramar, et al., Vector tomography for the coronal magnetic field
I. Longitudinal Zeeman effect measurements, Astron. Astrophys. 2006, 456, 665-673. https://shorturl.at/wDIT9
J. de la Cruz Rodríguez, and H. Socas-Navarro, Are solar chromospheric fibrils tracing the magnetic field? Astron. Astrophys. 2011, L8.
https://shorturl.at/apGW2
V. Bommier, Hanle effect from a dipolar magnetic structure: The case of the solar corona and the case of a star, Aston. Astrophys. 2012, 539, A122. https://shorturl.at/zGZ09
N.E. Raouafi, et al. Diagnostics of Coronal Magnetic Fields through the Hanle Effect in UV and IR Lines, Frontier Astron. Space Sci., 6/22/2016
https://shorturl.at/iINY7
R. Casini, et al., Magnetic Diagnostics of the Solar Corona: Synthesizing Optical and Radio Techniques, Space Science Rev. 2017, 210, 145-181.
https://shorturl.at/gMSZ4
Solar Models:
T.M.D. Pereira, The dynamic chromosphere: Pushing the boundaries of observations and models, Adv. Space Res. 2019, 63, 1434-1442.
https://shorturl.at/ekoHS
T.M.D. Pereira, M. Asplund, R. Collet, I. Thaler, R. Trampedach, and J. Leenaarts, How realistic are solar model atmospheres? Astro. Astrophys. 2013, 554, A118. https://shorturl.at/ixzB2
O. Gingerich et al., The Harvard-Smithsonian reference atmosphere, Solar Physics, 18, 347-365. http://shorturl.at/mAP18
O. Gingerich and C. de Jager, The Bilderburg Model of the photosphere and low chromosphere, Solar Physics 1968, 3, 5-25. http://shorturl.at/mnqyE
H. Holweger and E.A. Mueller, The photospheric barium spectrum - Solar abundance and collision broadening of BA II lines by hydrogen, Solar Physics, 1974, 39, 19-30. http://shorturl.at/dloOU
J.F. Kielkopf and N.F. Allard, Shift and width of the Balmer series Hα line at high electron density in a laser-produced plasma, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 2014, 47, 155701. https://shorturl.at/iwWY1
G.P. Zhao, et al. Intensities and shifts of Lyman and Balmer lines of hydrogen-like ions in high density plasmas, Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2018, 3, 300-311. https://shorturl.at/fgoIX
List of atomic and ionic spectra
nist.gov/pml/atomic-spectra-database-contents
physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/lines_pt.pl
Chromospheric spectrum acquired by Robert Nufer http://robertnufer.ch
Sky Scholar Videos which illustrate electronic transitions:
Fraunhofer Lines and Condensed Matter - Even Kirchhoff Agreed! 12/12/2017
youtube.com/watch?v=saKms3oi-UA
Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun! 2/11/2018
youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-k
Helium Triplet Lines: Evidence of Chemical Reactions in the Chromosphere! 2/22/2018 youtube.com/watch?v=Km9gDB8gRYY
Helium, the Chromosphere, and the Electron Thief! 08/23/2018
youtube.com/watch?v=AddRHEUYvwo
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Thermodynamics and the Virial Theorem, Gravitational Collapse and the Virial Theorem: Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics, Progress in Physics, 2018, v. 14, no. 3, 179-1821.
http://ptep-online.com/2018/PP-54-13.PDF
P.-M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, Intensive and extensive properties: Thermodynamic balance, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 158-163.
http://shorturl.at/fmCN7
P.-M. Robitaille and S.J. Crothers, Dynamics of the solar wind: Eugene Parker’s treatment and the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 1-4. http://shorturl.at/qtuPW
S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Bekenstein–Hawking black hole entropy, Hawking temperature, and the Unruh effect: Insight from the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2020, 33, 143-148. http://shorturl.at/asC67
S.J. Crothers and P.-M. Robitaille, Eddington’s mass-luminosity relation and the laws of thermodynamics, Physics Essays, 2019, 32, 353-357.
http://shorturl.at/wJPS3
P.M. Robitaille, On the validity of Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2003, v. 31, no. 6, 1263–1267.
ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1265348
P. Robitaille and S. Crothers, "The Theory of Heat Radiation" Revisited: A Commentary on the Validity of Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Emission and Max Planck's Claim of Universality, Progr. Physics, 2015, 11(2), 120-132.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2015/PP-41-04.PDF
J.H. Jeans, I. The stability of a spherical nebula, Philosophical Transactions, 1902, 199(312), 1-53.
royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.1902.0012
M. Falco, et al., Why does the Jeans Swindle work? Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. Let., 2013, 431(1), L6–L9. academic.oup.com/mnrasl/article/431/1/L6/1405569
P.M Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans’ Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys. 2011, 3, 41-59. http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDF
M.K.H. Kiessling, The “Jeans swindle”: A true story—mathematically speaking, Adv. Appl. Math., 2003, 31(1), 132-149.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196885802005560
G. Shaviv, The Synthesis of the Elements: The Astrophysical Quest for Nucleosynthesis what it can tell us about the universe, Springer, Heidelberg, 2012.
Sky Scholar Videos discussing intensive and extensive properties:
1. The FOURTH Law of Thermodynamics? The 4th Law Explained! - 1/25/2018
youtube.com/watch?v=t8Nm9bnWOTs
2. Intensive and Extensive Properties - A Note of Caution! – 11/21/2018
youtube.com/watch?v=nh68Ruqwl18
Sky Scholar Videos discussing gravitational collapse:
1. How are Stars Formed? The Standard Model: Gravitational Collapse, Black Holes, and The Big Bang! - 7/26/2017
youtube.com/watch?v=LoqsG7V13G8
2. Does Gravitational Collapse Occur? Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics – 4/28/2018
youtube.com/watch?v=DtMee3rrHDY
3. Gravitational Thermodynamics - Is it Science? – 6/24/2018
youtube.com/watch?v=mZ2F2Kw5-nQ
4. Thermodynamics and the Virial Theorem - Do's and Don'ts! – 11/1/2018
youtube.com/watch?v=HSUtQ6LKXuc
Various Jeans Mass expressions:
1. Cambridge https://shorturl.at/xyMW4
2. Uppsala University https://shorturl.at/jpEIQ
3. Drexel https://shorturl.at/tEOZ3
4. U Iowa https://shorturl.at/iltLV
5. U. Tennessee https://shorturl.at/dwAU8
6. U. of St. Andrews https://shorturl.at/mqzW1
7. R. Kippenhahn and A. Weigert, Stellar Structure and Evolution, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994, p. 253.
8. K.R. Lang, Essential Astrophysics, Springer, 2013, P. 390
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
Reactions in the Chromosphere of the Sun!
youtube.com/watch?v=UHD06X51o-k
What Elements are in the Sun?
youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
P.-M. Robitaille, The Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun and the Solar Atmosphere IV. On the Nature of the Chromosphere, Progr. Phys., 2013, 3, L15-L21. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-34-L6.PDF
A.R. Choudhuri, How the Saha ionization equation was discovered,
arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1810/1810.10898.pdf
M.H. Saha, LIII. Ionization in the solar chromosphere. Phil. Mag. Ser. 6, 1920, 40(238), 472–488. tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786441008636148?journalCode=tphm17
M.N. Saha, On a Physical Theory of Stellar Spectra, Proc. Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 1921, 99(697): 135–153. royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspa.1921.0029
E.A. Milne, Obituary Notice of R. H. Fowler (1889-1944), Obituary Notices of the Fellows of the Royal Society, 1945, 5, 61-78.
jstor.org/stable/769110?seq=1
R.H. Fowler and E.A. Milne, The intensities of absorption lines in the stellar spectra, and the temperatures and pressures in the reversing layers of stars, Monthly Notic. Roy. Astron. Soc. 1923, 83, 403-424.
academic.oup.com/mnras/article/83/7/403/1022720
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Link to Dr. Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
manningfh.com/obituary/dr-edward-dowdye-jr
legacy.com/us/obituaries/timesdispatch/name/edward-dowdye-obituary?pid=197445387
Dr. Edward Henry Dowdye, Jr.
http://www.extinctionshift.com/author.htm
Challenging Relativity with Dr. Edward Dowdye (LOTS of Math)
steemit.com/science/@verbz/e-dmc-challenging-relativity-with-dr-edward-dowdye
Dr. Dowdye’s website:
http://www.extinctionshift.com
E.H. Dowdye, Extinction Shift Principle: A Purely Classical Alternative to General and Special Relativity, Physics Essays, 2007, 20, 56-66. https://shorturl.at/jzIPR
E.H. Dowdye, Can Stars BEND LIGHT? General Relativity and Gravity with Dr. Edward Dowdye, Sky Scholar, July 31, 2018,
youtube.com/watch?v=B_ixkOI4k8c
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
What Elements are in the Sun?
youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
J.C. Robitaille and P.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen III. Intercalation and Lattice Exclusion Versus Gravitational Settling and Their Consequences Relative to Internal Structure, Surface Activity, and Solar Winds in the Sun. Progr. Phys., 2013, v. 2, 87-97.
http://ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-14.PDF
N. Grevesse, Solar abundances of lithium, beryllium, and boron, Solar Phys.,1968,5, 159–180.http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1968SoPh....5..159G
R.C. Wiens, et al., Solar and solar-wind isotopic compositions. Earth Plan. Sci. Let., 2004, 222, 697–712. rb.gy/gxsux3
P.M. Robitaille, Commentary on the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Model of the Sun III. Insight into Solar Lithium Abundances, Progr. Phys. 2013, 2, L12-L13. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-33-L6.PDF
P. M. Robitaille and D. Rabounski, Polarized Light from the Sun: Unification of the Corona and Analysis of the Second Solar Spectrum –Further Implications of a Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model, Progr. Phys, 2015, 11(3), 236-245. http://www.ptep-online.com/2015/PP-42-07.PDF
E. Zurek, R. Hoffmann, N.W. Ashcroft, A.R. Oganov, and A.O. Lyakhov, A little bit of lithium does a lot for hydrogen, PNAS 2009, 106 (42), 17640-17643. pnas.org/content/pnas/106/42/17640.full.pdf
Science Results, Classical Nova Explosions are Major Lithium Factories in the Universe, Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, subarutelescope.org/en/results/2015/02/18/2280.html
A. Tajitsu, et al. Explosive lithium production in the classical nova V339 Del (Nova Delphini 2013), Nature, 2015, 518, 381–384.
nature.com/articles/nature14161
A. Heger and S. Woosley, Production of Lithium in Primordial Supernovae,
Mem. d.S. It. Astron., 2008, 1, 1-5. arxiv.org/pdf/2002.04749.pdf
K.C. Sahu and S. R. Pottasch, Primordial lithium abundance from interstellar lithium lines towards SN 1987A, AIP Conf. Proc. 2008, 183(1), 420. rb.gy/u9o05m
E. Vangioni-Flam & M. Cassé, Cosmic Lithium-Beryllium-Boron Story, Astrophys. Space Science, 1999, 265, 77–86. link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1002197712862
A.M. Boesgaard, and G. Steigman, Big bang nucleosynthesis – Theories and observations, Ann. Rev. Astro. Astrophys., 1985, 23, 319–378.
H. Johnston, Big Bang ruled out as origin of lithium-6, Physics World, 2 Sept. 2014.
physicsworld.com/a/big-bang-ruled-out-as-origin-of-lithium-6
The Cosmological Lithium Problem, UNC
https://physics.unc.edu/the-cosmological-lithium-problem/
B.D. Fields, The Primordial Lithium Problem, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., 2011, 61(1), 47–68.
annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102010-130445
N. W. Ashcroft, Hydrogen Dominant Metallic Alloys: High Temperature Superconductors? Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 92, 187002.
journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.187002
Hui Wang, et al., Hydrogen‐rich superconductors at high pressures, WIRES Computational Molecular Science, 2018, 8(1), e1330. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/wcms.1330
H.‐Y. Lv, et al., Superconductivity of light‐metal hydrides, J. Chinese Chem. Soc., 2019, 66(10), 1246-1256. rb.gy/qfsq4i
A.P. Drozdov, et al., Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures, Nature, 2019, 569, 528–531. nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1201-8
A.P. Drozdov, et al., Conventional superconductivity at 203 K at high pressures. Nature 2015, 525, 73–76. nature.com/articles/nature14964
J.A. Flores-Livas, et al., A perspective on conventional high-temperature superconductors at high pressure: Methods and materials, Physics Reports, 2020, 856, 1-78. https://rb.gy/5gfkz9
E. Flamm, et al., Tritium and Helium-3 in Solar Flares and Loss of Helium from the Earth's Atmosphere, Science, 1962, 138(3536), 48-50.
jstor.org/stable/1709844?seq=1
G. Gloeckler and J. Geiss, Measurement of the Abundance of Helium-3 in the Sun and in the Local Interstellar Cloud with SWICS on Ulysses, Space Science Rev. 1998, 84, 275–284.
link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1005095907503
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
Diamond Anvil Cell, Subject Zero Science,
A Breakthrough in the hunt for Metallic Hydrogen? [Update 2020]
youtube.com/watch?v=4l4M4PdiGpk
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
E.G. Brovman, Y.M. Kagan, and A. Kholas, Properties of metallic hydrogen under pressure. Sov. Phys. JETP, 1972, v.35(4), 783–787.
C.M. Tenney, K.L. Sharkey, and J.M. McMahon, Possibility of metastable atomic metallic hydrogen, Phys. Rev. B, 2020, 102, 224108.
journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.224108
arxiv.org/pdf/1705.04900.pdf
N. Ashcroft, Optical response near a band overlap: Application to dense hydrogen, in “Molecular Systems Under High Pressure” (R. Pucci and G. Piccitto, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, North-Holland, 1991.
E. Gregoryanz, et al., Everything you always wanted to know about metallic hydrogen but were afraid to ask, Matter & Radiation at Extremes, 2020, 5, 038101. aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/5.0002104
A. Goncharov, Phase diagram of hydrogen at extreme pressures and temperatures; updated through 2019, Low Temperature Physics, 2020, 46(2), 97. aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/10.0000526
B. Militzer, The High-Temperature Phase Diagram, UC Berkeley, 1/15/2003,
http://militzer.berkeley.edu/diss/node5.html
J.M. McMahon, et al., The properties of hydrogen and helium under extreme conditions, Rev. Mod. Phys., 2012, 84, 1607-1653.
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/41e8/7dee3b67cf69135d46be45d88967d7ddca3a.pdf
P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — I: The Journey to a Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 3-25.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-01.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans’ Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 41-59.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDF
S. Chandrasekhar, N.R. Lebovitz, On the ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium of homogeneous masses, Astrophisica Norvegica, 1964, 9, 323-332. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1964ApNr....9..323C
S. Chandrasekhar, Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1969.
Evidence for Condensed Matter Videos:
Core, Tachocline layer: youtube.com/watch?v=ox1GNuCV5M0
Ringing, capillary waves: youtube.com/watch?v=mUsN-_65fqg
Solar granules, sunspots and directional spectral emissivity: youtube.com/watch?v=5sazKR1Mi00
Solar spectrum: youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TE
Evidence of a solar surface (many lines of evidence):
youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_k
youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTE
youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8
This Stanford site places the density of the photosphere at 10^-9 g/cm^3!
http://solar-center.stanford.edu/vitalstats.html
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/ir...
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hi...
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by
the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
What Elements are in the Sun?
youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
P.-M. Robitaille, Lessons from the Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 100-102.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-12.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
Sky Scholar videos on classification:
Different Star Types? The HR Diagram Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=H4h4rfGDxkk
What Colors are the Stars? Luminosity, Color, and Temperature Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=CkDjQj_hdZw
Przybylski's star
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przybylski%27s_Star
A. Przybylski, HD 101065—a G0 Star with High Metal Content, Nature 1961, 189, 739. nature.com/articles/189739a0
A. Przybylski and P. Morris Kennedy, The spectrum of HD101065,
Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific, 1963, 75(445), 349-353.
iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/127965/pdf
S. Hubrig, et al., Magnetic and pulsational variability of Przybylski’s star (HD 101065), Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 2018, 477(3), 3791–3800. doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty889
P. Gilster, The Challenges of Przybylski’s Star, March 28, 2017.
centauri-dreams.org/2017/03/28/the-challenges-of-przybylskis-star
“Anomaly” –Could a Strange Star Signal a Civilization Billions of Years Beyond Sapiens, The Daily Galaxy, November, 21, 2020
dailygalaxy.com/2020/11/anomaly-could-a-strange-star-signal-a-civilization-billions-of-years-beyond-sapiens-weekend-feature
J. Wright, Przybylski's Star I: What's that? | AstroWright
https://sites.psu.edu/astrowright/2017/03/15/przybylskis-star-i-whats-that/
T. Nowakowski , Przybylski's star is an extremely slow rotator, study finds, Phys.org, May 1, 2018.
phys.org/news/2018-05-przybylski-star-extremely-rotator.html
C.S. Powell, The Strangest (and Second-Strangest) Star in the Galaxy, Discover Magazine, July 1, 2017.
discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/the-strangest-and-second-strangest-star-in-the-galaxy
C. R. Cowley, et al., Abundances in Przybylski's star, Mon. Not. Roy. Astro. Soc., 2000, 317(2), 299–309.
academic.oup.com/mnras/article/317/2/299/1005394
W.P. Bidelman, Tc and Other Unstable Elements in Przybylski's Star, ASP Conference Series, Vol. 336, Proc. Symposium, June 17-19, 2004, Austin, Texas. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2005ASPC..336..309B
D.W. Kurtz, HD101065 - Przybylski's Star: A Most Peculiar Star Exotic Stars as Challenges to Evolution, Astron. Soc. Pac., 2002, 279, 351.
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2002ASPC..279..351K
V. A. Dzuba, V. V. Flambaum, J. K. Webb, Isotope shift and search for metastable superheavy elements in astrophysical data, Phys. Rev. A, 2017, 95, 062515.
journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.95.062515
arxiv.org/abs/1703.04250
C. Samanta, P. Roy Chowdhury, D.N. Basu, Predictions of Alpha Decay Half lives of Heavy and Superheavy Elements, Nuclear Physics A, 2007, 789(1–4), 142-154.
arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0703086
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_technetium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_promethium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_polonium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_actinium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_protactinium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_neptunium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_plutonium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_americium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_berkelium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_californium
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_einsteinium
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
What Elements are in the Sun?
youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
P.-M. Robitaille, Lessons from the Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 100-102.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-12.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
V. B. Belyaev, M. B. Miller, J. Otto, and S. A. Rakityansky, Nuclear fusion induced by X-rays in a crystal, Phys. Rev. C, 2016, 93, 034622.
journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.93.034622
arxiv.org/abs/1603.01723
Lattice Confinement Fusion (NASA)
www1.grc.nasa.gov/space/science/lattice-confinement-fusion
V. Pines, et al. Nuclear fusion reactions in deuterated metals, Phys Rev C, 2020, v. 101, 044609.
journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044609
www1.grc.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/TP-20205001617-Theory-Paper-Final.pdf
B.M. Steinetz, et al., Novel Nuclear Reactions Observed in Bremsstrahlung-Irradiated Deuterated Metals, Phys. Rev. C, 2020, v. 101, 044610.
journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.044610
www1.grc.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/TP-20205001616-Experiment-Paper-Final.pdf
LENR Forum
lenr-forum.com/forum/thread/2827-the-liquid-sun
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/ir...
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hi...
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ
What Elements are in the Sun?
youtube.com/watch?v=5GqQWExwrtE
The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175
Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI
P.-M. Robitaille, On the Presence of a Distinct Solar Surface: A Reply to Hervé Faye, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 75-78.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-08.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. http://www.ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF
P.M. Robitaille, On the validity of Kirchhoff's law of thermal emission,
IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 2003, 31(6), 1263-1267.
ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1265348
P.-M. Robitaille, Stellar Opacity: The Achilles’ Heel of the Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 93-99.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-11.PDF
P.-M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.
http://www.ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF
E.W. Maunder, Are the Planets Inhabited? Harper and Brothers, London, 1913, p. 28. http://shorturl.at/tuZ09
Sky Scholar Videos discussing the solar surface:
1. Does the sun have a surface? Transverse waves, Helioseismology, CMEs, X-Rays and Flares!
youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_k
2. Does the Sun have a surface? Solar tornadoes, Radius, Oblateness, and Differential Rotation!
youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTE
3. Does the Sun have a Surface? The Chromosphere and Spicules!
youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8
Sky Scholar Videos discussing the solar spectrum:
1. The Solar Spectrum Explained!
youtube.com/watch?v=CO3NIGa7mT0
2. The Solar Spectrum in the Standard Solar Model!
youtube.com/watch?v=l_MHRuBJE6Q
3. What is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum
youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TE
A.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, X-ray flare sparks quake inside Sun,
Nature 1998, v. 393, 317–318.
nature.com/articles/30629
A.G. Kosovichev and V.V. Zharkova, Seismic response to solar flares: Theoretical predictions, Proc. 4th SOHO Workshop, Helioseismology, ESA SP-376, ESTEC, Noordwijk, 1995.
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1995ESASP.376b.341K
Solar flare leaves Sun quaking, ESA Information Note N°18-98
sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/newsroom/oldesapr/info18.html
A.G. Kosovichev, Properties of flare-generated seismic waves on the Sun.
Solar Physics 2006, v. 238, 1–11.
arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0601006
NASA Cosmos (hosted by Tufts University)
https://ase.tufts.edu/cosmos/print_images.asp?id=25
The Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST): Institute for Solar Physics
https://www.su.se/isf/the-telescope
Thank you for viewing this video on Sky Scholar! This channel is dedicated to new ideas about the nature of the sun, the stars, thermodynamics, and the microwave background. We will discuss all things astronomy, physics, chemistry, and imaging related! We hope that the combination of facts and special effects will aid in learning even the toughest concepts in astronomy. If you enjoyed this video, please subscribe.
Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Ph.D., was a professor of Radiology at The Ohio State University from 1989-2019, and also held an appointment in the Chemical Physics Program. In 1998, he led the design and assembly of the world’s first Ultra High Field MRI System. Readings from this equipment brought into question fundamental aspects of modern thermal physics, such as Kirchhoff’s Law of thermal emission.
Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.
This channel is educational in nature.
Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: http://spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/ir...
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hi...
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/
All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).
Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
http://vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_...
Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away
soundcloud.com/foria