The Hydrogen Phase Diagram & Evidence for the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model! @SkyScholar
The Hydrogen Phase Diagram & Evidence for the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model!  @SkyScholar
Uploaded February 2021 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Real Physics Talk, Munich, Germany, 2019: Pierre-Marie Robitaille
youtube.com/watch?v=MH9h6eXyMcQ

Diamond Anvil Cell, Subject Zero Science,
A Breakthrough in the hunt for Metallic Hydrogen? [Update 2020]
youtube.com/watch?v=4l4M4PdiGpk

The Life Cycle of the Stars | Pierre-Marie Robitaille [OTF2017]
youtube.com/watch?v=FDn_0hwLsKM&list=FLxq7mZOdQ7LrQt3LDK2SG9Q&index=175

Dr. P.M. Robitaille | OTF2019 | Revelations Through MRI
youtube.com/watch?v=oO5vIUcnKlI

P.M. Robitaille, Forty Lines of Evidence for Condensed Matter - The Sun on Trial: Liquid Metallic Hydrogen as a Solar Building Block, Progr. Phys. 2013, 90-142. ptep-online.com/2013/PP-35-16.PDF

P.M. Robitaille, Liquid Metallic Hydrogen: A Building Block for the Liquid Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 60-74.
ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-07.PDF

E.G. Brovman, Y.M. Kagan, and A. Kholas, Properties of metallic hydrogen under pressure. Sov. Phys. JETP, 1972, v.35(4), 783–787.

C.M. Tenney, K.L. Sharkey, and J.M. McMahon, Possibility of metastable atomic metallic hydrogen, Phys. Rev. B, 2020, 102, 224108.
journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.224108
arxiv.org/pdf/1705.04900.pdf

N. Ashcroft, Optical response near a band overlap: Application to dense hydrogen, in “Molecular Systems Under High Pressure” (R. Pucci and G. Piccitto, Eds.), Elsevier Science Publishers, North-Holland, 1991.

E. Gregoryanz, et al., Everything you always wanted to know about metallic hydrogen but were afraid to ask, Matter & Radiation at Extremes, 2020, 5, 038101. aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/5.0002104

A. Goncharov, Phase diagram of hydrogen at extreme pressures and temperatures; updated through 2019, Low Temperature Physics, 2020, 46(2), 97. aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/10.0000526

B. Militzer, The High-Temperature Phase Diagram, UC Berkeley, 1/15/2003,
http://militzer.berkeley.edu/diss/node5.html

J.M. McMahon, et al., The properties of hydrogen and helium under extreme conditions, Rev. Mod. Phys., 2012, 84, 1607-1653.
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/41e8/7dee3b67cf69135d46be45d88967d7ddca3a.pdf

P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — I: The Journey to a Gaseous Sun, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 3-25.
ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-01.PDF

P.M. Robitaille, A Thermodynamic History of the Solar Constitution — II: The Theory of a Gaseous Sun and Jeans’ Failed Liquid Alternative, Progr. Phys., 2011, 3, 41-59.
ptep-online.com/2011/PP-26-06.PDF

S. Chandrasekhar, N.R. Lebovitz, On the ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium of homogeneous masses, Astrophisica Norvegica, 1964, 9, 323-332. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1964ApNr....9..323C

S. Chandrasekhar, Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1969.

Evidence for Condensed Matter Videos:
Core, Tachocline layer: youtube.com/watch?v=ox1GNuCV5M0
Ringing, capillary waves: youtube.com/watch?v=mUsN-_65fqg
Solar granules, sunspots and directional spectral emissivity: youtube.com/watch?v=5sazKR1Mi00
Solar spectrum: youtube.com/watch?v=fynuCLQp1TE
Evidence of a solar surface (many lines of evidence):
youtube.com/watch?v=Erql613GO_k
youtube.com/watch?v=faywryDTmTE
youtube.com/watch?v=MBt8FIbngt8

This Stanford site places the density of the photosphere at 10^-9 g/cm^3!
http://solar-center.stanford.edu/vitalstats.html

Figures not to scale and used for visualization purposes only.

This channel is educational in nature.

Astronomy links of interest:
Space Weather: spaceweathernews.com
NASA Image and Video Search: images.nasa.gov
NASA Hubble Satellite: hubblesite.org
NASA Helioviewer: helioviewer.org
NASA ADS Scientific Article Search Page: adsabs.harvard.edu/bib_abs.html
National Solar Observatory: nso.edu/
SOHO Satellite: soho.nascom.nasa.gov
SDO Satellite: sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data
IRIS Satellite: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/ir...
Hinode, JAXA/NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hi...
Daniel K. Inoue Solar Telescope: dkist.nso.edu/
National Solar Observatory GONG: gong.nso.edu/
1 meter Swedish Solar Telescope: www.isf.astro.su.se/

All observational images and videos are credited to NASA unless
otherwise specified. Images obtained by the SDO satellite are a courtesy
of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Images obtained by
the SOHO satellite are courtesy of SOHO (ESA & NASA).

Link to Professor Robitaille’s papers on Vixra:
vixra.org/author/pierre-marie_robitaille

Outro Music:
Foria: Break Away

soundcloud.com/foria
youtube.com/watch?v=UkUweq5FAcE
The Hydrogen Phase Diagram & Evidence for the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model!The Microwave Background - COBE Satellite Results Explained!Planck Satellite - Analysis of the 4K Blackbodies!Black Hole Escape Velocity?Responding to Loose Ends!Science, or SPACE JUNK? COBE, WMAP, Planck, and RELIKT-1 (What they did and did NOT measure!)Anisotropy Maps vs the Third Law of Thermodynamics!Does the Sun have a surface? Solar tornadoes, Radius, Oblateness, and Differential Rotation!What is the Sun Made Of? Evidence from the Solar Spectrum!The Planck Satellite - A $1,000,000,000 MisadventurePlanck Length, Time, Mass, and Temperature: Are They Universal?Blackbody Radiation: the Laws of Stefan, Wien, and Planck!
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The Hydrogen Phase Diagram & Evidence for the Liquid Metallic Hydrogen Solar Model!

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