Uploaded May 2026 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Swiss Orchestra conducted by Lena-Lisa Wüstendörfer.
I - Spiritoso: 0:00
II - Andante grazioso: 2:57
III - Allegro: 5:23
Stalder's Symphony in E-flat major was written at an unknown date, not being published until circa 1941, by then 176 years after the composer's death. Stalder, whose full name was Joseph Franz Xaver Dominik Stalder, is an extremely obscure musical figure from Lucerne, Switzerland. He adopted the name "Giuseppe" to improve his working opportunities. He worked variously in Mainz, London and Paris between the 1750s-60s and was also appointed capellmeister to the Princes of Monaco and Conti. Ill-health compelled him to return home to Lucerne in 1762 at the age of 37. He was there upon made the organist at St. Leodegar’s, but died three years later.
In stylistic terms, Stalder’s music is pre-Classical, and his numerous instrumental works bear dedications that attest to his being acquainted with influential figures. Only a portion of Stalder’s oeuvre remains extant today. Many of his compositions have been lost, and he himself descended into obscurity not long after his untimely death. Of four sets of six symphonies (making a total of 24) only two have been recorded so far. This one is an early classical work, musically situated in the Gallant period; a transition between the late Baroque and the emerging Classical style, and with an unusual instrumentation: It is scored for strings (violins I and II, Violas and Cellos) and two natural Horns in E-flat.
The first movement is constructed over the Baroque ritornello principle. It begins with a rhythmic and cheerful ritornello figure in E-flat major, presented by strings over horn chords. There is no real development nor contrasting material as such, but slight variations of the ritornello figure before the spiritoso ends with a firm cadence in E-flat major.
The second movement, scored for solo strings, is rather monothematic in form. It opens with a melodic and elegant theme in B-flat major on violins, unfolding in the familiar Gallant style with no real development, neither new material is provided. The andante ends with pianissimo B-flat major chords.
The third movement is structured in an expanded binary form (A-B-A-B-A-B) It opens with a rhythmic, dance-like theme in E-flat major, presented by strings over horn chords. After it is repeated, the second section offers some dynamic contrast and harmonic variance. The symphony then ends with a firmly stated E-flat major chord.
Picture: "Self-portrait of the Artist hesitating between the Arts of Music and Painting" (1794) by the Swiss painter Angelica Kauffman.
Musical analysis written by myself. Sources: tinyurl.com/29wyacqp and tinyurl.com/26j4vb57
To check the score: tinyurl.com/25x99vgd
Swiss Orchestra conducted by Lena-Lisa Wüstendörfer.
I - Spiritoso: 0:00
II - Andante grazioso: 2:57
III - Allegro: 5:23
Stalder's Symphony in E-flat major was written at an unknown date, not being published until circa 1941, by then 176 years after the composer's death. Stalder, whose full name was Joseph Franz Xaver Dominik Stalder, is an extremely obscure musical figure from Lucerne, Switzerland. He adopted the name "Giuseppe" to improve his working opportunities. He worked variously in Mainz, London and Paris between the 1750s-60s and was also appointed capellmeister to the Princes of Monaco and Conti. Ill-health compelled him to return home to Lucerne in 1762 at the age of 37. He was there upon made the organist at St. Leodegar’s, but died three years later.
In stylistic terms, Stalder’s music is pre-Classical, and his numerous instrumental works bear dedications that attest to his being acquainted with influential figures. Only a portion of Stalder’s oeuvre remains extant today. Many of his compositions have been lost, and he himself descended into obscurity not long after his untimely death. Of four sets of six symphonies (making a total of 24) only two have been recorded so far. This one is an early classical work, musically situated in the Gallant period; a transition between the late Baroque and the emerging Classical style, and with an unusual instrumentation: It is scored for strings (violins I and II, Violas and Cellos) and two natural Horns in E-flat.
The first movement is constructed over the Baroque ritornello principle. It begins with a rhythmic and cheerful ritornello figure in E-flat major, presented by strings over horn chords. There is no real development nor contrasting material as such, but slight variations of the ritornello figure before the spiritoso ends with a firm cadence in E-flat major.
The second movement, scored for solo strings, is rather monothematic in form. It opens with a melodic and elegant theme in B-flat major on violins, unfolding in the familiar Gallant style with no real development, neither new material is provided. The andante ends with pianissimo B-flat major chords.
The third movement is structured in an expanded binary form (A-B-A-B-A-B) It opens with a rhythmic, dance-like theme in E-flat major, presented by strings over horn chords. After it is repeated, the second section offers some dynamic contrast and harmonic variance. The symphony then ends with a firmly stated E-flat major chord.
Picture: "Self-portrait of the Artist hesitating between the Arts of Music and Painting" (1794) by the Swiss painter Angelica Kauffman.
Musical analysis written by myself. Sources: tinyurl.com/29wyacqp and tinyurl.com/26j4vb57
To check the score: tinyurl.com/25x99vgd



![Deus, Deus meus, ad te de luce vigilo Polychoral Motet - Giovanni Gabrieli
Concerto Palatino conducted by Bruce Dickey.
I - 0:00
Gabrielis Deus, Deus meus, ad te de luce vigilo was published in Volume I of Concerti di Andrea et di Giovanni Gabrieli in Venice on 1587, a volume mostly dedicated to the works of his uncle Andrea Gabrieli, but also includes Giovannis first motets. These early works show much influence of his uncles style in the use of dialogue and echo effects. In its original form, it is scored for ten voices separated in two groups of five. The first with a cantus, septimus, altus, octavus and sextus. The second for a decimus, nonus, tenor and a bassus. The text is a selection of the Psalm 63, attributed to King David, set when he was in the wilderness of Judah, and its theme concerns being stranded in the wilderness away from ones family.
Just as many European composers beat a trail to Venice to study with the renowned musicians there, the Venetian Giovanni Gabrieli’s earliest studies were with his uncle Andrea, at St Mark’s, before he travelled north to Munich to learn from the esteemed and influential Orlando de Lassus. Returning to Venice, he was appointed to St Mark’s as organist and subsequently, following his uncle’s death, as principal composer. Gabrielis career rose further when he took the additional post of organist at the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, another post he retained for his entire life. San Rocco was the most prestigious and wealthy of all the Venetian confraternities, and second only to San Marco itself in the splendour of its musical establishment.
The popular historical imagination has long nourished a fascination with the cori spezzati (split choir) traditions of Venices San Marco Cathedral. Well-known complexities of this churchs architecture provide numerous locations for the placement of musical ensembles: multiple choir lofts around the altar, elevated galleries, and even oversized, raised pulpits. Though more sober historical analysis has tempered earlier concepts of a nearly Berliozian disposition of performing forces in San Marco, several generations of Venetian musicians cultivated music that exploits the contrasts between antiphonal groups. The trend culminates in the splendid polychoral motets of Andrea and Giovanni Gabrieli.
Although the score does not specify instrumentation, in practice it was common to reinforce or replace some voices with instruments such as cornettos, sackbuts or dulcians, in addition to the organ. This arrangement allowed for contrasting timbres and dynamics, alternating responsive passages between choirs and tutti sections that filled the space with a full and majestic sound. Structurally, the piece combines imitative sections with homophonic ones, always adapting the music to the meaning of the text. The opening invocation, Deus, Deus meus, is presented in a solemn and compact manner, while phrases such as Ad te de luce vigilo take on a more agile character, evoking the idea of vigilance and movement toward God. In Sitivit in te anima mea, the melodic lines ascend, symbolizing spiritual desire, and in Quam multipliciter tibi caro mea, the texture thickens to underline the intensity of devotion.
The harmonic language remains within a modal framework, with a predominance of modes such as Mixolydian and Dorian, and both authentic and plagal cadences articulate the sections. Gabrieli achieves a remarkable balance between textual clarity and sonorous richness, so that even in the densest passages, the words remain comprehensible. This motet is not only an example of Venetian sacred theatricality, but also a work that would influence later generations, such as Heinrich Schütz, who studied with Gabrieli and brought this style to Germanic lands.
[Activate subtitles to see the lyrics in Latin/English].
Picture: The three temptations of Christ in a 12th-century mosaic in St Marks Cathedral in Venice.
Source: https://tinyurl.com/2chnmus3 and Copilot GPT-5.
To check the score: https://tinyurl.com/2cg8oxkn Deus, Deus meus, ad te de luce vigilo Polychoral Motet - Giovanni Gabrieli](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/v_pObKZY0QM/mqdefault.jpg)



![Sacri di Giove augei sacre Fenici Madrigal - Giovanni Gabrieli
English Cornett and Sackbut Ensemble & I Fagiolini Ensemble conducted by Robert Hollingworth.
I - 0:00
Gabrielis Sacri di Giove augei sacre Fenici was published in Volume II of Concerti di Andrea et di Giovanni Gabrieli in Venice on 1587, a volume mostly dedicated to the works of his uncle Andrea Gabrieli, but also includes Giovannis first motets. These early works show much influence of his uncles style in the use of dialogue and echo effects. In its original form, it is scored for a single choir of twelve voices a cappella. The madrigal exemplifies the Venetian polychoral style adapted to the secular madrigal tradition. The text, in Italian, is a lofty encomium invoking sacred birds of Jove and sacred phoenixes as metaphors for illustrious heroes whose virtues and deeds are celebrated by nymphs, shepherds, and gods.
Just as many European composers beat a trail to Venice to study with the renowned musicians there, the Venetian Giovanni Gabrieli’s earliest studies were with his uncle Andrea, at St Mark’s, before he travelled north to Munich to learn from the esteemed and influential Orlando de Lassus. Returning to Venice, he was appointed to St Mark’s as organist and subsequently, following his uncle’s death, as principal composer. Gabrielis career rose further when he took the additional post of organist at the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, another post he retained for his entire life. San Rocco was the most prestigious and wealthy of all the Venetian confraternities, and second only to San Marco itself in the splendour of its musical establishment.
The madrigals allegorical imagery situates the work in the late Renaissance culture of courtly praise, where mythological references conveyed political or dynastic homage. The 12 parts of the chorus are often grouped antiphonally, creating dynamic exchanges and echo effects, while moments of full ensemble writing deliver sonorous climaxes. Gabriellis harmonic language blends the modal clarity of Renaissance counterpoint with expressive chromatic inflections, enhancing the text’s grandeur. Substantial word-painting is employed through the piece: rising figures depict al ciel poggiate (you rise to the heavens) or how sustained harmonies evoke the idea of eternal fame.
The madrigal begins by calling on sacred birds of Jove (poetic shorthand for eagles) and sacred phoenixes to bear witness to the virtues of the person being honoured. Gabrieli underscores this ceremonial tone with majestic, open‑fifths sonorities, giving the sense of a formal proclamation. The melodic lines rise prominently on words about divinity and loftiness, musically depicting ascent. Then the text moves to pastoral and mythological figures who sing of your immortal fame. The music shifts to a dynamic of exchanges between upper and lower voices, which could mirror the idea of different realms (earthly shepherds and divine beings) united in praise. Moments of syncopated imitation highlight verbs of action, giving rhythmic lift to the scene. As the poem turns toward ideas of everlasting renown (al ciel poggiate / to the heavens you ascend), Gabrieli crafts long, arching lines that climb stepwise, often holding the peak note before cascading down in rich, full-ensemble chords. The texture thickens, the harmonic rhythm slows, and dissonances resolve in broad cadences, all of which create a feeling of timeless suspension, fitting for the imagery of immortal glory.
[Activate subtitles to see the lyrics in Latin/English].
Picture: Perseus freeing Andromeda (c. 1575-80) by the Italian painter Paolo Veronese.
Sources: https://tinyurl.com/2chnmus3 and Copilot GPT-5
To check the score: https://tinyurl.com/26adbg2d Sacri di Giove augei sacre Fenici Madrigal - Giovanni Gabrieli](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/wH00GSXelh4/mqdefault.jpg)


![Lieto godea sedendo Polychoral Madrigal - Giovanni Gabrieli
The King’s Consort conducted by Robert King.
I - 0:00
Gabrielis Lieto godea sedendo was published in Volume II of Concerti di Andrea et di Giovanni Gabrieli in Venice on 1587, a volume mostly dedicated to the works of his uncle Andrea Gabrieli, but also includes Giovannis first motets. These early works show much influence of his uncles style in the use of dialogue and echo effects. In its original form it is scored for eight voices divided in two groups of four, set in this recording for two falsettists and a rich string accompaniment.
The madrigal became specially popular, as proves the fact that is was republished in 1588 by Friedrich Lindner, 1591 by Vittorio Baldini, and 1596 by Pierre Phalèse. Its music was reused as contrafacta in multiple compositions; Auxilium promisit Deus, Ein Kindlein fein, Fröhlich zu sein, Heilig ist Gott and Quam pulchra es amica mea. It was also the basis of the 1607 Magnificat supra Lieto godea by German composer Jan Le Febure, and was arranged both as a lute duet and also by Gabrieli’s pupil Heinrich Schütz as part of his Psalmen Davids (1619). In the midst of a traditionally damp Venetian spring its mildly erotic, lovesick tone must have brought on longings for the arrival of good weather.
Just as many European composers beat a trail to Venice to study with the renowned musicians there, the Venetian Giovanni Gabrieli’s earliest studies were with his uncle Andrea, at St Mark’s, before he travelled north to Munich to learn from the esteemed and influential Orlando de Lassus. Returning to Venice, he was appointed to St Mark’s as organist and subsequently, following his uncle’s death, as principal composer. Gabrielis career rose further when he took the additional post of organist at the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, another post he retained for his entire life. San Rocco was the most prestigious and wealthy of all the Venetian confraternities, and second only to San Marco itself in the splendour of its musical establishment.
The popular historical imagination has long nourished a fascination with the cori spezzati (split choir) traditions of Venices San Marco Cathedral. Well-known complexities of this churchs architecture provide numerous locations for the placement of musical ensembles: multiple choir lofts around the altar, elevated galleries, and even oversized, raised pulpits. Though more sober historical analysis has tempered earlier concepts of a nearly Berliozian disposition of performing forces in San Marco, several generations of Venetian musicians cultivated music that exploits the contrasts between antiphonal groups. The trend culminates in the splendid polychoral motets of Andrea and Giovanni Gabrieli.
The text paints a pastoral and amorous scene: the poet sits happily in April’s gentle breeze, surrounded by nature’s sighs of love, until Cupid strikes him with his mortal dart, bringing sudden emotional turmoil. Gabrieli mirrors this shift in mood through sharply contrasting musical textures. The choirs often sing in alternation (antiphonally), imitating each other’s motifs, which creates a lively call-and-response effect. This interplay not only enhances clarity of text but also exploits the Venetian polychoral tradition’s grandeur.
Midway, Gabrieli introduces a quicker triple-time section, injecting rhythmic vitality and dance-like energy before returning to the slower, more stately antiphonal exchanges. The madrigal’s structure thus reflects the emotional arc of the poetry: from serene contentment to the agitation of love’s wound, and finally to a return of the opening material, suggesting a cyclical inevitability. In sum, Lieto godea sedendo is both a showcase of Gabrieli’s mastery of spatial choral writing and a finely crafted marriage of text and music, emblematic of the Venetian madrigal’s expressive and architectural splendour.
[Activate subtitles to see the lyrics in Latin/English].
Picture: Young Woman (La Bella) (c. 1518-20) by the Italian painter Palma Vecchio.
Sources: https://tinyurl.com/2chnmus3, https://tinyurl.com/2564kjuj, https://tinyurl.com/2833x4qr and Copilot GPT-5
To check the score: https://tinyurl.com/226e9tlm Lieto godea sedendo Polychoral Madrigal - Giovanni Gabrieli](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/wnjIxfhsH_0/mqdefault.jpg)