Uploaded May 2026 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
Crotalaria pallida
youtube.com/watch?v=V0rIofWG5fg
Erythrina crista-galli
youtube.com/watch?v=PRrk0YzzVk4
Derris trifoliata
youtube.com/watch?v=9HyNocBVOx4
Dalbergia latifolia
youtube.com/watch?v=XzIucVSNF2I
Flemingia macrophylla
youtube.com/watch?v=3VDB20bgq8k
#Dlium
Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae family, erect, woody shrub, growing up to 2 meters tall, cylindrical stems, angular, green with white hairs. The leaves are elongated, green and thick, up to 20 cm long and up to 4 cm wide. The petioles are up to 1 cm long.
The inflorescences are yellow in long panicles. The fruit is an elongated, oval capsule, 3 cm long, with a 1 cm stalk and white hairs. The seeds are shiny, 2-3 mm long capsules.
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Crotalarieae
Genus: Crotalaria L. in Sp. Pl.: 714 (1753)
Species: Crotalaria juncea L. in Sp. Pl.: 714 (1753)
Heterotypic Synonyms
Crotalaria benghalensis Lam. in Encycl. 2: 196 (1786)
Crotalaria cannabinua Royle in Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 82 (1834)
Crotalaria fenestrata Sims in Bot. Mag. 44: t. 1933 (1817)
Crotalaria juncea var. bengalensis (Lam.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 176 (1891)
Crotalaria juncea var. puncticulata DC. in Prodr. 2: 126 (1825)
Crotalaria kanchiana Gholave, Mane, Gore, Kambale & S.P.Gaikwad in Phytotaxa 409: 234 (2019)
Crotalaria porrecta Wall. in Numer. List: n.° 5363 (1831)
Crotalaria sericea Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 519 (1800)
Crotalaria tenuifolia Roxb. ex Hornem. in Suppl. Hort. Bot. Hafn.: 151 (1819)
Isotropis argentea Ewart & Morrison in Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria, n.s., 26: 157 (1913)
Publications
Ansari, A.A. & Chauhan, V. (2020). Crotalaria L. in India: A supplement: 1-152. M/S Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh.
Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
Balslav, H. & Chantaranothai, P. (2018). Flora of Thailand 4(3.1): 221-371. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Lepschi, B. & Monro, A. (Project Coordinators) (2014). Australian Plant Census (APC) Council of Heads of Australian Herbaria.
Lock, J.M. & Ford, C.S. (2004). Legumes of Malesia a Check-List: 1-295. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Lock, J.M. & Heald, J. (1994). Legumes of Indo-China a check-list: 1-164. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Ninkaew, S. & al. (2017). Crotalaria L. (Fabaceae: Faboideae) in continental Southeast Asia. Phytotaxa 320: 1-74.
Rechinger, K.H. & al. (1984). Papilionaceae II. Flora Iranica 157: 1-499. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
Sanjappa, M., Pusalkar, P.K. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2024). Flora of India 6: 1-556. Botanical Survey of India.
Townsend, C.C. (1974). Flora of Iraq 3: 1-662. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 10: 1-642. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
Zhu, X.Y., Zhang, R.P. & He, Y.L. (eds.) (2021). An inventory of legume species diversity of Myanmar: 1-297. China Minzu university press.
Afrikaans: Suikerkeur, Sunnhennep
Chinese (simplified): 太阳麻 - 菽麻
Chinese (traditional): 太陽麻 - 菽麻
English: Sunn hemp, Sunnhemp, Indian hemp, Benares hemp, Madras hemp, Brown hemp, Deccan Hemp
Hindi: Masina, Sannai Sunn
Indonesia: Orok-orok
Japanese: サンヘンプ - クロタラリア
Malayalam: Chanaka, Chanambu, Dhunam, Kattuthanatalakatta, Pulivanni, Sanam, Wuckoonar
Marathi: धाकटी घागरी
Ojibwe: Zesabiins
Oria: Choni, Chanapata
Sanskrit: Jenapavera, Pulivanji
Tamil: Sanppu, Janupa, Sanalnar, Sanarppai
Telugu: Shanama, Janumu, Gilaka, Gili Ginta
Thai: ปอเทือง
Learn more: dlium.com/2026/05/sunn-hemp-crotalaria-juncea.html
Location: Semanu, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: dlium.com
Crotalaria pallida
youtube.com/watch?v=V0rIofWG5fg
Erythrina crista-galli
youtube.com/watch?v=PRrk0YzzVk4
Derris trifoliata
youtube.com/watch?v=9HyNocBVOx4
Dalbergia latifolia
youtube.com/watch?v=XzIucVSNF2I
Flemingia macrophylla
youtube.com/watch?v=3VDB20bgq8k
#Dlium
Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) is a species of plant in the Fabaceae family, erect, woody shrub, growing up to 2 meters tall, cylindrical stems, angular, green with white hairs. The leaves are elongated, green and thick, up to 20 cm long and up to 4 cm wide. The petioles are up to 1 cm long.
The inflorescences are yellow in long panicles. The fruit is an elongated, oval capsule, 3 cm long, with a 1 cm stalk and white hairs. The seeds are shiny, 2-3 mm long capsules.
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Crotalarieae
Genus: Crotalaria L. in Sp. Pl.: 714 (1753)
Species: Crotalaria juncea L. in Sp. Pl.: 714 (1753)
Heterotypic Synonyms
Crotalaria benghalensis Lam. in Encycl. 2: 196 (1786)
Crotalaria cannabinua Royle in Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 82 (1834)
Crotalaria fenestrata Sims in Bot. Mag. 44: t. 1933 (1817)
Crotalaria juncea var. bengalensis (Lam.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 176 (1891)
Crotalaria juncea var. puncticulata DC. in Prodr. 2: 126 (1825)
Crotalaria kanchiana Gholave, Mane, Gore, Kambale & S.P.Gaikwad in Phytotaxa 409: 234 (2019)
Crotalaria porrecta Wall. in Numer. List: n.° 5363 (1831)
Crotalaria sericea Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 519 (1800)
Crotalaria tenuifolia Roxb. ex Hornem. in Suppl. Hort. Bot. Hafn.: 151 (1819)
Isotropis argentea Ewart & Morrison in Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria, n.s., 26: 157 (1913)
Publications
Ansari, A.A. & Chauhan, V. (2020). Crotalaria L. in India: A supplement: 1-152. M/S Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh.
Balkrishna, A. (2018). Flora of Morni Hills (Research & Possibilities): 1-581. Divya Yoga Mandir Trust.
Balslav, H. & Chantaranothai, P. (2018). Flora of Thailand 4(3.1): 221-371. The Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department.
Dy Phon, P. (2000). Dictionnaire des plantes utilisées au Cambodge: 1-915. Chez l'auteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Fosberg, F.R., Sachet, M.-H., Oliver, R. (1979). A geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae. Micronesica; Journal of the College of Guam 15: 41-295.
Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. MIM, Deurne.
Kotiya, A., Solanki, Y. & Reddy, G.V. (2020). Flora of Rajasthan: 1-769. Rajasthan state biodiversity board.
Kumar, S. & Sane, P.V. (2003). Legumes of South Asia. A Checklist: 1-536. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Lepschi, B. & Monro, A. (Project Coordinators) (2014). Australian Plant Census (APC) Council of Heads of Australian Herbaria.
Lock, J.M. & Ford, C.S. (2004). Legumes of Malesia a Check-List: 1-295. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Lock, J.M. & Heald, J. (1994). Legumes of Indo-China a check-list: 1-164. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Ninkaew, S. & al. (2017). Crotalaria L. (Fabaceae: Faboideae) in continental Southeast Asia. Phytotaxa 320: 1-74.
Rechinger, K.H. & al. (1984). Papilionaceae II. Flora Iranica 157: 1-499. Naturhistorisches Museums Wien.
Sanjappa, M., Pusalkar, P.K. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2024). Flora of India 6: 1-556. Botanical Survey of India.
Townsend, C.C. (1974). Flora of Iraq 3: 1-662. Ministry of Agriculture & Agrarian Reform, Baghdad.
Wu, Z. & Raven, P.H. (eds.) (2010). Flora of China 10: 1-642. Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis).
Zhu, X.Y., Zhang, R.P. & He, Y.L. (eds.) (2021). An inventory of legume species diversity of Myanmar: 1-297. China Minzu university press.
Afrikaans: Suikerkeur, Sunnhennep
Chinese (simplified): 太阳麻 - 菽麻
Chinese (traditional): 太陽麻 - 菽麻
English: Sunn hemp, Sunnhemp, Indian hemp, Benares hemp, Madras hemp, Brown hemp, Deccan Hemp
Hindi: Masina, Sannai Sunn
Indonesia: Orok-orok
Japanese: サンヘンプ - クロタラリア
Malayalam: Chanaka, Chanambu, Dhunam, Kattuthanatalakatta, Pulivanni, Sanam, Wuckoonar
Marathi: धाकटी घागरी
Ojibwe: Zesabiins
Oria: Choni, Chanapata
Sanskrit: Jenapavera, Pulivanji
Tamil: Sanppu, Janupa, Sanalnar, Sanarppai
Telugu: Shanama, Janumu, Gilaka, Gili Ginta
Thai: ปอเทือง
Learn more: dlium.com/2026/05/sunn-hemp-crotalaria-juncea.html
Location: Semanu, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: dlium.com
