Uploaded June 2026 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
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Part 1 youtube.com/watch?v=4AW3c6gUxlE
Xenostegia tridentata
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Camonea vitifolia
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Operculina turpethum
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Ipomoea quamoclit
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Jacquemontia paniculata
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Renjeng (Merremia gemella) is a species of plant in Convolvulaceae, shrubs that grow to crawl or climb by coiling on a support, cylindrical, green and white hair. Leaves heart-shaped, width up to 6 cm, flat margins, dark green, a vein in the middle and many lateral veins.
M. gemella has disc-shaped flowers, diameter up to 2.5 cm, yellow with white aisles and 6 pistils and white. Fruit round, diameter up to 5 mm. Grow in forests, agricultural land, waterways and roadsides.
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae
Subfamily: Convolvuloideae
Tribe: Merremieae
Genus: Merremia Dennst. ex Endl. in Gen. Pl. Secund. Ord. Nat., Suppl. 1: 1403 (1841)
Species: Merremia gemella (Burm.f.) Hallier f. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 16: 552 (1893)
Variety: Merremia gemella var. Gemella, Merremia gemella var. splendens Ooststr.
Homotypic Synonyms
Convolvulus gemellus Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 46 (1768)
Ipomoea gemella (Burm.f.) Roth in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 4: 229 (1819)
Ipomoea obscura var. gemella (Burm.f.) C.B.Clarke in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 4: 207 (1883)
Publications
Fang, R.-Z. & Staples, G. (1995). Convolvulaceae. Flora of China 16: 271-325. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
Fosberg, F.R. & Sachet. M.-H. (1977). Flora of Micronesia 3: Convolvulaceae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 36: 1-34.
Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
Johnson, R.W. (2009). A conspectus of Merremia Dennst. Ex Endl. (Convolvulaceae) in Australia with the addition of two species. Austrobaileya 8: 55-63.
Johnson, R.W. (2012). Convolvulaceae. Australian Plant Census Council of Heads of Australian Herbaria.
Khan, M.S. (1985). Fl. Bangladesh Convolvulaceae. Flora of Bangladesh 30: 1-59. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.
Kress, W.J., R.A. DeFilipps, E. Farr, & Y.Y. Kyi in Kress, W.J. et al. (2003). Cklist. Myanmar Convolvulaceae. Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar: 197-201. National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC.
Manitz, H. (1983). Zur Nomenklatur einiger Convolvulaceae und Cuscutaceae. I. Feddes Repertorium 94: 173-182.
Merrill, E.D. (1921). A review of the new species of plants proposed by N.L. Burman in his Flora Indica.. Philippine Journal of Science 19: 329-388.
Mill, R.R. (1999). Fl. Bhutan Convolvulaceae. Flora of Bhutan 2(2): 834-862. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
Ooststroom, S.J. van & R.D. Hoogland (1953). Convolvulaceae. Flora Malesiana 4: 388-512. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
Staples, G. (2018). Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viêt-Nam 36: 1-406. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
Staples, G. (with P. Traiperm) (2010). Convolvulaceae. Flora of Thailand 10: 330-468. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
Staples, G.W. (2010). A checklist of Merremia (Convolvulaceae) in Australasia and the Pacific. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 61: 483-522.
English: Renjeng
Indonesia: Renjeng
Java: Renjeng
Learn more: dlium.com/2022/06/renjeng-merremia-gemella.html
Location: Ponjong, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: dlium.com
Part 2 youtube.com/watch?v=V1SBe5BDT2Y
Part 1 youtube.com/watch?v=4AW3c6gUxlE
Xenostegia tridentata
youtube.com/watch?v=FVB1CQIkMhI
Camonea vitifolia
youtube.com/watch?v=qAi-_6XSRdM
Operculina turpethum
youtube.com/watch?v=Ls62BFrAkx8
Ipomoea quamoclit
youtube.com/watch?v=VEZT-_Fkt2Y
Jacquemontia paniculata
youtube.com/watch?v=XTduUe16Ows
#Dlium
Renjeng (Merremia gemella) is a species of plant in Convolvulaceae, shrubs that grow to crawl or climb by coiling on a support, cylindrical, green and white hair. Leaves heart-shaped, width up to 6 cm, flat margins, dark green, a vein in the middle and many lateral veins.
M. gemella has disc-shaped flowers, diameter up to 2.5 cm, yellow with white aisles and 6 pistils and white. Fruit round, diameter up to 5 mm. Grow in forests, agricultural land, waterways and roadsides.
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae
Subfamily: Convolvuloideae
Tribe: Merremieae
Genus: Merremia Dennst. ex Endl. in Gen. Pl. Secund. Ord. Nat., Suppl. 1: 1403 (1841)
Species: Merremia gemella (Burm.f.) Hallier f. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 16: 552 (1893)
Variety: Merremia gemella var. Gemella, Merremia gemella var. splendens Ooststr.
Homotypic Synonyms
Convolvulus gemellus Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 46 (1768)
Ipomoea gemella (Burm.f.) Roth in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 4: 229 (1819)
Ipomoea obscura var. gemella (Burm.f.) C.B.Clarke in J.D.Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 4: 207 (1883)
Publications
Fang, R.-Z. & Staples, G. (1995). Convolvulaceae. Flora of China 16: 271-325. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
Fosberg, F.R. & Sachet. M.-H. (1977). Flora of Micronesia 3: Convolvulaceae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 36: 1-34.
Girmansyah, D. & al. (eds.) (2013). Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia.
Johnson, R.W. (2009). A conspectus of Merremia Dennst. Ex Endl. (Convolvulaceae) in Australia with the addition of two species. Austrobaileya 8: 55-63.
Johnson, R.W. (2012). Convolvulaceae. Australian Plant Census Council of Heads of Australian Herbaria.
Khan, M.S. (1985). Fl. Bangladesh Convolvulaceae. Flora of Bangladesh 30: 1-59. Bangladesh National Herbarium, Dhaka.
Kress, W.J., R.A. DeFilipps, E. Farr, & Y.Y. Kyi in Kress, W.J. et al. (2003). Cklist. Myanmar Convolvulaceae. Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar: 197-201. National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC.
Manitz, H. (1983). Zur Nomenklatur einiger Convolvulaceae und Cuscutaceae. I. Feddes Repertorium 94: 173-182.
Merrill, E.D. (1921). A review of the new species of plants proposed by N.L. Burman in his Flora Indica.. Philippine Journal of Science 19: 329-388.
Mill, R.R. (1999). Fl. Bhutan Convolvulaceae. Flora of Bhutan 2(2): 834-862. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh.
Ooststroom, S.J. van & R.D. Hoogland (1953). Convolvulaceae. Flora Malesiana 4: 388-512. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.
Staples, G. (2018). Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viêt-Nam 36: 1-406. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
Staples, G. (with P. Traiperm) (2010). Convolvulaceae. Flora of Thailand 10: 330-468. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
Staples, G.W. (2010). A checklist of Merremia (Convolvulaceae) in Australasia and the Pacific. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 61: 483-522.
English: Renjeng
Indonesia: Renjeng
Java: Renjeng
Learn more: dlium.com/2022/06/renjeng-merremia-gemella.html
Location: Ponjong, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: dlium.com






![Woodland false buttonweed (Spermacoce remota) - part 2
Part 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD57yrFf2U0
Richardia brasiliensis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoZ-uEYvwTE
Mycetia cauliflora
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BpEhknoUaZ8
Ophiorrhiza mungos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeDWn3bU8yQ
Morinda citrifolia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5xnuUBDe3Q
Mussaenda frondosa
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1VfQQph0Dw
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Siwingan or woodland false buttonweed (Spermacoce remota) is a plant species in the Rubiaceae, an upright or spreading perennial herb up to 50 cm high, rectangular stems with scaly hairs on the ridges, branched and green in color.
S. remote has leaf blades up to 8 cm long, up to 2 cm wide and hairy. 5-6 lateral veins on each side of the midrib. Bare surface, undersurface with a few hairs along the veins. Stipules interpetiolar, hairy, margin scalloped with 7 teeth or pegs and teeth about 2-4 mm long.
Inflorescence in dense axillary fascicles. Individual flowers are about 5 mm in diameter. The calyx lobes are 0.5-1 mm long and are covered with hair. The corolla tube is about 2.5 mm long, the lobes 2–2.5 mm long and are covered with hairs only on the outer surface near the apex. The anthers are 1 mm long. The filaments are 1-1.5 mm long and are attached to the corolla tube.
This species grows near sea level to an elevation of 900 meters. It grows in disturbed areas and along paths and roads, rainforests, mahogany forests, teak forests, riparian forests and most of the Pantropical countries.
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Angiospermae
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Subfamily: Rubioideae
Tribe: Spermacoceae
Genus: Spermacoce L. in Sp. Pl.: 102 (1753)
Species: Spermacoce remota Lam. in Tabl. Encycl. 1: 273 (1792)
Homotypic Synonyms
Borreria remota (Lam.) Bacigalupo & E.L.Cabral in Darwiniana 37: 334 (1999)
Heterotypic Synonyms
Bigelovia vaginata (Willd.) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 1: 405 (1824)
Borreria assurgens (Ruiz & Pav.) Griseb. in Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 156 (1879)
Borreria malacophylla Standl. & L.O.Williams in Ceiba 1: 165 (1950), nom. illeg. homonym. post.
Borreria vaginata (Willd.) F.Dietr. in Neu. Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 2: 16 (1826)
Borreria wydleriana DC. in Prodr. 4: 545 (1830)
Spermacoce assurgens Ruiz & Pav. in Fl. Peruv. 1: 60 (1798)
Spermacoce chapmanii Torr. & A.Gray in Fl. N. Amer. 2: 27 (1841)
Spermacoce dichotoma Willd. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 2: 618 (1841)
Spermacoce echioides Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 344 (1819)
Spermacoce hebecarpa DC. (1830)
Spermacoce hondurensis Govaerts in World Checkl. Seed Pl. 2: 16 (1996)
Spermacoce lanceolata Link in Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 132 (1821)
Spermacoce parviflora Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 60 (1796)
Spermacoce sexangularis Sieber ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 2: 619 (1841), not validly publ.
Spermacoce suffrutescens Jacq. in Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 3: 40 (1798)
Spermacoce suffruticosa Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 1: 400 (1824), nom. illeg. homonym. post.
Spermacoce tenuior var. commersonii Verdc. in Kew Bull. 37: 546 (1983)
Spermacoce tetragona DC. (1830)
Spermacoce vaginata Willd. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15[bis]. 3: 531 (1818)
Spermacoce wydleriana (DC.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 123 (1898)
Tessiera pubescens Miq. in Stirp. Surinam. Select.: 178 (1851)
Publications
Deb, D.B. & Gangopadhyay, M. (2025). Flora of India 14: 1-607. Botanical Survey of India.
Harwood, R. & Dessein, S. (2005). Australian Spermacoce (Rubiaceae: Spermacoceae). I. Northern Territory. Australian Systematic Botany 18: 297-365.
Karthigeyan, K., Pandey, R.P. & Mao, A.A. (eds.) (2023). Flora of Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2: 1-689. Botanical Survey of India. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change.
Middleton, J.D. (ed.) (2019). Flora of Singapore 13: 1-654. Singapore Botanic Gardens.
Puff, C., Chayamarit, K., Chamchumroon, V. & Esser, H.-J. (2021). Flora of Thailand 15(1): 1-235. The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok.
Whistler, W.A. (2022). Flora of Samoa Flowering Plants: 1-930. National Tropical Botanicl Garden. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.
Wu, Z., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D. (eds.) (2011). Flora of China 19: 1-884. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
Chinese (Simplified): 光叶丰花草
Chinese (Traditional): 光葉豐花草 - 光葉鴨舌癀舅
English: Woodland false buttonweed, Siwingan, Buttonweed
Indonesian: Siwingan
Japanese: ナガバハリフタバ
Java: Siwingan
Korean: 우드랜드 거짓 단추풀
Spanish: Botoncillo, Juana la blanca
Thai: หญ้าเขมร
Learn more: https://www.dlium.com/2023/06/woodland-false-buttonweed-spermacoce.html
Location: Ponjong, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Aryo Bandoro
Dlium TheDlium
Web: https://www.dlium.com Woodland false buttonweed (Spermacoce remota) - part 2](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/lO7WwQGygu4/mqdefault.jpg)



