Uploaded May 2025 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Naval Battle of the Yellow Sea (黃海海戰/黄海海戦) was the largest naval engagement of the First Sino-Japanese War invloing ships from Imperial Japanese Rengō (Combined) fleet and Qing Empire's Beiyang (Northern) fleet.
On 17 September 1894, The Beiyang Fleet which included two ironclad battleships, 1 coastal battleships, 8 cruisers, 1 gunboat and 2 torpedo boat had completed escorting Qing convoy to the mouth of the Yalu River, and was returning to its base at Lüshunkou when it was engaged by the Japanese Navy.
The Japanese Rengō Fleet consisted of two formations. A flying squadron, composed of the four fast cruisers and Main squadron composed of 4 cruisers and 1 gunboat.
Beiyag fleet opened fire at a range of 5,000 meters, which was far too great to cause any damage. The Japanese, meanwhile, held their fire for another twenty minutes as they headed diagonally across the Beiyang Fleet at twice the speed. On the signal of Admiral Ito, the Japanese squadrons divided, the flying squadron then moved around the right flank of the Chinese formation to strike at the weakest units there. Holding fire until they were in effective range, the cruisers battered Chaoyong and Yangwei.
The Beiyang Fleet was caught between the two Japanese squadrons. Dingyuan and Zhenyuan resisted the heaviest bombardment as a result of their armour; however, the quick firing Japanese guns decimated crews on their decks.
The Japanese sinking the cruiser Zhiyuan that had attempted to ram one of the Japanese cruisers and destroyed the cruiser Jingyuan.
Many of the Japanese ships, however, also received major damage. Yoshino was hit and Akagi and Saikyō Maru were put out of action. The damage to flagship Matsushima, was the most severe; where the lack of armour was made apparent when she was struck by Qing battleship two 12-inch shells that tore open the deck and ignited ready ammunition causing nearly one hundred casualties and forcing Admiral Itō to transfer his flag to Hashidate.
By sunset the Beiyang Fleet's main formation was near the point of total collapse with both wings gone (the two ships of the Port wing had fled and four units of the Starboard wing destroyed); the four units of the centre were variously damaged and the two largest ships Dingyuan and Zhenyuan were nearly out of ammunition.
Clip taken from :
铁甲舰上的男人们 (2015)
一八九四·甲午大海战 (2012)
Naval Battle of the Yellow Sea (黃海海戰/黄海海戦) was the largest naval engagement of the First Sino-Japanese War invloing ships from Imperial Japanese Rengō (Combined) fleet and Qing Empire's Beiyang (Northern) fleet.
On 17 September 1894, The Beiyang Fleet which included two ironclad battleships, 1 coastal battleships, 8 cruisers, 1 gunboat and 2 torpedo boat had completed escorting Qing convoy to the mouth of the Yalu River, and was returning to its base at Lüshunkou when it was engaged by the Japanese Navy.
The Japanese Rengō Fleet consisted of two formations. A flying squadron, composed of the four fast cruisers and Main squadron composed of 4 cruisers and 1 gunboat.
Beiyag fleet opened fire at a range of 5,000 meters, which was far too great to cause any damage. The Japanese, meanwhile, held their fire for another twenty minutes as they headed diagonally across the Beiyang Fleet at twice the speed. On the signal of Admiral Ito, the Japanese squadrons divided, the flying squadron then moved around the right flank of the Chinese formation to strike at the weakest units there. Holding fire until they were in effective range, the cruisers battered Chaoyong and Yangwei.
The Beiyang Fleet was caught between the two Japanese squadrons. Dingyuan and Zhenyuan resisted the heaviest bombardment as a result of their armour; however, the quick firing Japanese guns decimated crews on their decks.
The Japanese sinking the cruiser Zhiyuan that had attempted to ram one of the Japanese cruisers and destroyed the cruiser Jingyuan.
Many of the Japanese ships, however, also received major damage. Yoshino was hit and Akagi and Saikyō Maru were put out of action. The damage to flagship Matsushima, was the most severe; where the lack of armour was made apparent when she was struck by Qing battleship two 12-inch shells that tore open the deck and ignited ready ammunition causing nearly one hundred casualties and forcing Admiral Itō to transfer his flag to Hashidate.
By sunset the Beiyang Fleet's main formation was near the point of total collapse with both wings gone (the two ships of the Port wing had fled and four units of the Starboard wing destroyed); the four units of the centre were variously damaged and the two largest ships Dingyuan and Zhenyuan were nearly out of ammunition.
Clip taken from :
铁甲舰上的男人们 (2015)
一八九四·甲午大海战 (2012)









![Perang Banten vs Belanda
Ilustrasi perang Banten mewalan Belanda (Surosowan)
Setelah belanda-VOC melemahkan kekuatan Kesultanan Banten dengan perang saudara pada zaman Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa (1683). Dua abad kemudian kekuatan Banten makin melemah karena politik monopoli dan ikut campurnya Belanda dalam urusan kesultanan Banten, baik politik maupun ekonomi. Namun kesultanan Banten masih memiliki kedaultan terhadap Belanda, meskipun minim. Pada 1808, Belanda dijajah oleh kekaisaran Napoleon Perancis, dan ditunjuklah Marsekal Perancis asal Belanda, Daendels untuk mempersiapkan pulau Jawa dari serangan Inggris. Belanda sejak lama ingin menghilangkan kesultanan Banten karena letaknya yang dekat dengan Batavia (Jakarta) dan menjadi momok bagi kekuasaan Belanda. Namun Belanda dan Banten juga terikat perjanjian serta kekuatan kesultanan Banten belum sepenuhnya pudar. Pada 21 November 1808, Belanda mengirim utusan Pierre Philip Du Puy, ke Sultan Banten Aliyuddin II (Abul Nashar Muhammad Ishaq Zainulmutaqin) dengan permintaaan yang pasti ditolak Sultan, yaitu menyediakan tenaga kerja rodi untuk pembangunan jalan Groote-Postweg dan pelabuhan baru di Ujung Kulon (yang berarti kerja sampai mati bagi rakyat Banten) serta memindahkan ibukota kesultanan dari Banten ke Anyer (menghilangkan jejak kesultanan yang telah berdiri 3 abad di kota banten), Sultan geram dan menghukum Du Puy. Penolakan dan hukuman terhadap Du Puy dimanfaatkan oleh Daendels yang mengerahkan kekuatan Belanda yang telah bersiaga di Serang untuk menyerang Banten. Rakyat dan tentara kesultanan Banten melawan dengan sengit mempertahankan kota Banten dan benteng-keraton Surosowan dan Kaibon. Pertarungan sengit terjadi hari itu, meriam keraton beradu dengan meriam Belanda. Namun pasukan Belanda lebih banyak dengan persenjataan lebih canggih mengungguli pasukan Banten. Keraton Surosowan beserta kota Banten dihancurkan, hanya bersisa Masjid Agung Banten dan Benteng Speelwijk. Sultan Aliyuddin II beserta keluarganya ditangkap dan dibuang ke Ambon hingga wafat. Pada 22 November 1808, Daendels mengumumkan wilayah kesultanan Banten telah masuk sepenuhnya ke dalam kekuasaan Belanda.
[dari Berbagai Sumber]
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Glory (1989)
Sharpees Battle (1995)
Legend of Suriyothai (2001)
Waterloo (Documentary)
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Bang Rajan 1 & 2
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Battle of Derne Documentary Perang Banten vs Belanda](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/xRgP3ytgdrA/mqdefault.jpg)
![Sejarah Papua di Nusantara
Ilustrasi Sejarah Papua di Nusantara
+- 700 M -
Papua dan pulau-pulau di sekitarnya menjadi bagian dari jaringan perdagangan zaman kerajaan Sriwijaya dengan komoditas utama burung dan bulu cendrawasih dan Kayu Cendana [2][1]
Raja Sriwijaya, Sri Indrawarman (702–728 M) menghadiakan burung Cendrawasih/burung Jenggi/FengHuang(鳳凰) kepada Kaisar Dinasti Tang di China. [1]
+- 800 M
Pedagang arab, india dan China mulai berdatangan dari maluku dalam rute perdagangan ke China. [4]
Mereka menyebut papua wakwak di Timur (fakfak) dekat dengan negeri zabag (sriwijaya).[4][5][11]
Selain bulu cendrawasih, pedagang asia juga membeli emas kualitas terbaik dari orang wakwak di timur (fakfak).[4]
1138 M -
Pulau Papua (diberi nama gezira zangi/Jazirah Zanji) muncul dalam peta dunia Tabula Rogeriana .[6][7][9]
Papua disebut Zanji karena oleh pedagang arab karena mirip dengan penduduk Afrika Timur (Zanzibar)[8]
1365 M - Kitab Majapahit, Negarakertagama, menyebutkan Wanin (Onin/fakfak) di Papua menjadi bagian dari jaringan Majapahit. [12]
1545 M - Yñigo Ortiz de Retez dari Spanyol menamai Papua Nueva Guinea(New Guinea) karena mirip dengan penduduk Guinea, Afrika.[13]
1570 M - Daerah Raja Ampat, Fakfak dan Pesisir Papua ikut dalam persekutuan 9 bersaudara (Uli Siwa) pimpinan Tidore.[14]
1660 M - VOC Belanda mengakui kedaulatan Tidore atas Papua[15]
1783 M - Rakyat Papua di Raja Ampat berhasil membajak kapal VOC Tempel pimpinan Coenraad Van Dijk di Pulau Batanta [16]
1796 M - Bersama Kaicil Nuku dari kerajaan Tidore, kerajaan di Papua Barat mengadakan perlawanan terhadap VOC dan sukses mengusir VOC dari Papua dan Maluku.[16]
1810 M - Belanda (dibawah Perancis) kalah perang dengan Inggris di Maluku dan Papua, sumatra hingga papua dijajah inggris.[17][18]
1817 M - Setelah perjanjian Paris tahun 1814, Inggris menyerahkan Nusantara ke Belanda.[17]
1828 M - Belanda mendirikan benteng pertamanya di tanah Papua, Fort Du Bus. [19]
1833 M - Bajak Laut Papua menggangu perdagangan Kolonial Belanda di Kepualaun Maluku dan Laut Arafuru.[20]
1836 M - Belanda meninggalkan Fort du Bus akibat serangan warga dan wabah Malaria.[19]
1848 M - Kolonial Belanda melakukan klaim atas papua bagian barat sebagai bagian dari wilayahnya yang diambil dari raja Tidore.[18]
1895 M - Belanda mulai menancapkan pengaruhnya di Papua [21]
1910 M - Untuk mengawasi Jerman di Papua Nugini, Belanda bergerak ke timur dan mendirikan kota Hollandia (skrg Jayapura) di Numbai, Kayupulo.
Sumber :
[1] Pamela Swadling (1996). Plumes of Paradise: Trade Cycles in Outer Southeast Asia and Their Impact on New Guinea and Nearby Islands Until 1920.Papua New Guinea National Museum.
[2] Kathleen D. Morrison, Laura L. Junker (2002) Forager-Traders in South and Southeast Asia: Long-Term Histories. Cambridge University Press.
[3] Bilveer Singh (2017) Papua: Geopolitics and the Quest for Nationhood.Routledge.
[4] M. Th Houtsma,Russel Arnold,Gibb Camilla (1993).First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936.E.J.BRILL.
[5] Meri,Josef W.; Bacharach, Jere (2005). Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia. Routledge.
[6] Scott, Samuel Parsons (1904).History of the Moorish Empire in Europe.Lippincott,Philadelphia.
[7] https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_Rogeriana / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_Rogeriana
[8] M. Elfasi, Ivan Hrbek (1988).Africa from the Seventh to the Eleventh Century.UNESCO.
[9] Houben, Hubert (2002). Roger II of Sicily: A Ruler Between East and West. Cambridge University Press.
[10] Raymond Mauny (1965) The Wakwak and the Indonesian Invasion in East Africa in 945 A.D.Centro de Estudos Historicos Ultramarinos.
[11] Friedrich Hirth (2017).China and the Roman Orient: Researches Into Their Ancient and Medieval Relations as Represented in Old Chinese Records (Classic Reprint-1911).Fb&c Limited,
[12] I Ketut Riana (2009).Kakawin dēśa warṇnana, uthawi, Nāgara kṛtāgama: masa keemasan Majapahit.Penerbit Buku Kompas.
[13] David Armitage(2014).Pacific Histories: Ocean, Land, People.Palgrave Macmillan.
[14] Johan Gerard Friedrich Riedel(1886).De sluik- en kroesharige rassen tusschen Selebes en Papua.M. Nijhoff.
[15] David Pickell (2013).Indonesian New Guinea Adventure Guide: West Papua/Irian Jaya.Tuttle Publishing.
[16] Muridan S.W (2009).The Revolt of Prince Nuku: Cross-Cultural Alliance-making in Maluku, C.1780-1810.BRILL.
[17] William G. Martin (2015).Making Waves: Worldwide Social Movements, 1750-2005.Routledge.
[18] Charles Arnold-Baker(2015).The Companion to British History Front Cover Charles Arnold-Baker.Routledge.
[19] Keat Gin Ooi(2004).Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor.ABC-CLIO.
[20] The Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia, Volume 4.Kraus Reprint, 1850.
[21] Robert Cribb (2013).Historical Atlas of Indonesia.Routledge.
[22] Herman Renwarin (1984).Sejarah sosial daerah Irian Jaya.Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Sejarah Papua di Nusantara](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/xdkPhGA6qzo/mqdefault.jpg)