Uploaded February 2026 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
BBC Symphony Orchestra & BBC Singers conducted by Lionel Friend. For a list of singers: tinyurl.com/27vx2u94
I - Prologue: Scene I. Hampstead Heath. "Don't you think it's very hot?" (0:00) - "Anything serious, Henry?" (4:26) - "War! War! War!" (7:02) - Allegro moderato: Symphonic variations on "Has anybody here seen Kelly?" (7:50) - "Make way! Make way!" (10:18) - "Silence for the town crier!" (12:10) - "Very comical! Eh?" (13:40) - Scene II. Wild horsemen (19:12) - "Time! Time! 'op it, 'op it, 'op it, 'op it!" (28:25) - "Do you love me?" (29:53)
II - Act I: Scene I. "Stop! Stop! Stop! What is the matter?" (36:19) - Scene II. "Who are they?" (40:00) - "Halt! Right turn! Left turn! 'Shun!" (42:39)
III - Act II: Scene I. Midnight. Allegro misterioso (49:22) - "Sir John! Sir John! Shall I remember thee in the day of battles" (54:57) - "Sir John! Sir John! Look upon me and know me" (55:49) - "Sir John! Sir John! Lie easy on thy bed" (57:33) - "Sir John! Sir John! (1:00:08) - Scene II. Military Parade Ground (1:04:22) - "Sorry I'm late boys" (1:06:45) - Scene III. Andante pastorale (1:10:00) - "I think we shall get a much better view" (1:12:30) - "My dear Lord Bishop, how are you today?" (1:18:50) - "Charge! Charge! Charge!" (1:22:04) - Scene IV. Promenade and Dance: Green Pastures (1:26:22) - "What in the name of Adam and Eve?" (1:34:08) - "La la la la la, etc" (1:35:17) - Scene V. "My lads, I am sorry to say you have done badly" (1:37:31) - "Sergeant Major, who are these men under arrest?" (1:39:54) - "My lads, My lads" (1:41:04)
IV - Act III: Entr'acte. Ballets I & II - Ballet I. Gargoyles (1:43:39) - Ballet II. Lacryma (1:53:21) - Scene I. "What did you say?" (2:03:37) - "You are going to be very busy" (2:06:17) - Scene II. Adagio (2:09:19) - "La la la la, etc... Throw them out!" (2:11:14) - "Will you be good enough to direct me to Mont Duresco?" (2:13:18) - "Yonder shine the lights of Mont Duresco" (2:24:44) - Scene III. "Halt! Who goes there?": Shadow Dance (2:28:53) - Scene IV. "Call out the guard!... Fire! Fire" (2:33:34) - "I don't understand this" (2:37:42) - "This is the worst of all the nightmares" (2:39:55) - "Dear Pamela... Dear Sir John" (2:40:46)
Brian's "The Tigers" (originally titled as "The Grotesques") was composed between February 1917 and March 1919, but then left aside unorchestrated to work on the tremendous Gothic Symphony. In the meantime, Brian extracted extracted several orchestral fragments between 1921-2. After "The Gothic" was completed in 1927, Brian returned to the opera and finished it on 1929. A vocal reduction with piano substituting the orchestra was published by Cranz & Co. on 1932. However, the full score was lost and wasn't rediscovered until 1977 (by then five years after the composer's death), following publicity and offer of reward by the Havergal Brian Society. It was "premiered" between January 3-8 of 1983 when it was recorded at BBC Maida Vale Studios, then broadcasted on BBC Radio 3 on May 3 of 1983.
From the very beginning of his career Brian ambitioned writing an opera, but the several libretti he was presented with didn't satisfy him. When the war broke out in 1914, Brian volunteered in August and joined the first battalion of The Honourable Artillery Company. Before it was posted to France, Brian was moved to the second battalion, a unit of the Home Guard. There the composer was dismayed by the lack of grip and patriotism of the unit, claiming that the soldier seemed more prepared for a picnic than a war. While going home in a train on leave for Christmas Eve, the composer was shocked by the sight of four maimed soldiers returning from France, who had lost their limbs due to friendly fire from the British artillery.
In a letter to his friend Granville Bantock, Brian wrote the following: "It is all very well to sing anthems and shout patriotic incantations, but who is going to care for all this mass of maimed humanity when the thing is over?" On May 4 of 1915, the composer was discharged from service as unfit due to flat feet. Afterwards he worked in the London Pay & Record Office of the Canadian contingent listing the last effects of men fell in combat, a cold insight of the ongoing carnage in the western front. By 1916, he was working in a Vickers munition factory, when conductor Sir Thomas Beecham again brought up the idea of an opera to the composer. Inspired by his experiences in the Home Guard, Brian wrote his own libretto that can be described as a "satirico-farcical comedy of manners with dark, dreamlike undertones".
[Text continued in the comments section]
Picture: "The Potsdam Variety Troupe" (1917) Satirical cartoon by Punch's Almanack ridiculing the main leaders of the Central Powers and Greece.
Source: Recording's booklet (sadly not available online).
To check the score (piano and voices only): tinyurl.com/2y9vcnu9
BBC Symphony Orchestra & BBC Singers conducted by Lionel Friend. For a list of singers: tinyurl.com/27vx2u94
I - Prologue: Scene I. Hampstead Heath. "Don't you think it's very hot?" (0:00) - "Anything serious, Henry?" (4:26) - "War! War! War!" (7:02) - Allegro moderato: Symphonic variations on "Has anybody here seen Kelly?" (7:50) - "Make way! Make way!" (10:18) - "Silence for the town crier!" (12:10) - "Very comical! Eh?" (13:40) - Scene II. Wild horsemen (19:12) - "Time! Time! 'op it, 'op it, 'op it, 'op it!" (28:25) - "Do you love me?" (29:53)
II - Act I: Scene I. "Stop! Stop! Stop! What is the matter?" (36:19) - Scene II. "Who are they?" (40:00) - "Halt! Right turn! Left turn! 'Shun!" (42:39)
III - Act II: Scene I. Midnight. Allegro misterioso (49:22) - "Sir John! Sir John! Shall I remember thee in the day of battles" (54:57) - "Sir John! Sir John! Look upon me and know me" (55:49) - "Sir John! Sir John! Lie easy on thy bed" (57:33) - "Sir John! Sir John! (1:00:08) - Scene II. Military Parade Ground (1:04:22) - "Sorry I'm late boys" (1:06:45) - Scene III. Andante pastorale (1:10:00) - "I think we shall get a much better view" (1:12:30) - "My dear Lord Bishop, how are you today?" (1:18:50) - "Charge! Charge! Charge!" (1:22:04) - Scene IV. Promenade and Dance: Green Pastures (1:26:22) - "What in the name of Adam and Eve?" (1:34:08) - "La la la la la, etc" (1:35:17) - Scene V. "My lads, I am sorry to say you have done badly" (1:37:31) - "Sergeant Major, who are these men under arrest?" (1:39:54) - "My lads, My lads" (1:41:04)
IV - Act III: Entr'acte. Ballets I & II - Ballet I. Gargoyles (1:43:39) - Ballet II. Lacryma (1:53:21) - Scene I. "What did you say?" (2:03:37) - "You are going to be very busy" (2:06:17) - Scene II. Adagio (2:09:19) - "La la la la, etc... Throw them out!" (2:11:14) - "Will you be good enough to direct me to Mont Duresco?" (2:13:18) - "Yonder shine the lights of Mont Duresco" (2:24:44) - Scene III. "Halt! Who goes there?": Shadow Dance (2:28:53) - Scene IV. "Call out the guard!... Fire! Fire" (2:33:34) - "I don't understand this" (2:37:42) - "This is the worst of all the nightmares" (2:39:55) - "Dear Pamela... Dear Sir John" (2:40:46)
Brian's "The Tigers" (originally titled as "The Grotesques") was composed between February 1917 and March 1919, but then left aside unorchestrated to work on the tremendous Gothic Symphony. In the meantime, Brian extracted extracted several orchestral fragments between 1921-2. After "The Gothic" was completed in 1927, Brian returned to the opera and finished it on 1929. A vocal reduction with piano substituting the orchestra was published by Cranz & Co. on 1932. However, the full score was lost and wasn't rediscovered until 1977 (by then five years after the composer's death), following publicity and offer of reward by the Havergal Brian Society. It was "premiered" between January 3-8 of 1983 when it was recorded at BBC Maida Vale Studios, then broadcasted on BBC Radio 3 on May 3 of 1983.
From the very beginning of his career Brian ambitioned writing an opera, but the several libretti he was presented with didn't satisfy him. When the war broke out in 1914, Brian volunteered in August and joined the first battalion of The Honourable Artillery Company. Before it was posted to France, Brian was moved to the second battalion, a unit of the Home Guard. There the composer was dismayed by the lack of grip and patriotism of the unit, claiming that the soldier seemed more prepared for a picnic than a war. While going home in a train on leave for Christmas Eve, the composer was shocked by the sight of four maimed soldiers returning from France, who had lost their limbs due to friendly fire from the British artillery.
In a letter to his friend Granville Bantock, Brian wrote the following: "It is all very well to sing anthems and shout patriotic incantations, but who is going to care for all this mass of maimed humanity when the thing is over?" On May 4 of 1915, the composer was discharged from service as unfit due to flat feet. Afterwards he worked in the London Pay & Record Office of the Canadian contingent listing the last effects of men fell in combat, a cold insight of the ongoing carnage in the western front. By 1916, he was working in a Vickers munition factory, when conductor Sir Thomas Beecham again brought up the idea of an opera to the composer. Inspired by his experiences in the Home Guard, Brian wrote his own libretto that can be described as a "satirico-farcical comedy of manners with dark, dreamlike undertones".
[Text continued in the comments section]
Picture: "The Potsdam Variety Troupe" (1917) Satirical cartoon by Punch's Almanack ridiculing the main leaders of the Central Powers and Greece.
Source: Recording's booklet (sadly not available online).
To check the score (piano and voices only): tinyurl.com/2y9vcnu9



![Symphony No.9 - George Lloyd
BBC Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by George Lloyd.
I - Allegro con delicatezza: 0:00
II - Largo: 10:51
III - Allegro con brio: 20:35
Lloyds Symphony No.9 was composed in December 1969, being premiered in Manchester on December 1982, performed by the BBC Northern Symphony Orchestra conducted by Sir Edward Downes. Whilst not on the same level as the great middle period symphonies, the Ninth is wholly Lloydian and demonstrates the breadth of expression his music encompasses. The disparate moods inhabited by the three movements lie side by side with scant regard to homogeneity, yet somehow the whole symphony does hang together by dint of the unmistakable hallmarks of its composer s sound-world throughout the piece; this is perhaps Lloyd s greatest achievement in this inimitable work.
The score was written at a time of neglect for Lloyds music. His early success in the thirties was cut short by his service in World War II and a horrible accident that left the composer recovering for decades. In the fifties Lloyd attempted to restart his compositional career, but by then his postromantic style was no longer appreciated, as modernism and serialism had taken over as predominant styles. Unwilling to change his language, eventually he gave up and became a market gardener, only writing music on his spare time, confined to a shelf with no hope of performance. It wasnt until a 1977 BBC broadcast performance of his Symphony No.8 that Lloyds music was rediscovered by the public at large.
The composer stated the following about the work: When a composer has written eight symphony [sic] he may find that the horizon has been blacked out by the overwhelming image of Beethoven and his one and only Ninth. There are other very good No. 5s and No. 3s, for instance, but how can one possibly have the temerity of trying to write another Ninth Symphony? I solved my problem by treating it lightheartedly. [...] If I had been a serious composer in the late nineteenth century, this symphony would have been at least an hour and a half long, and it would have concerned itself with life, death and resurrection. As I was born somewhat later than that, I will simply tell you that there are three movements, the first one is about a young girl, she dances and is a little sentimental; the second is about an old woman who reminisces - grief-stricken; and the third is the merry-go-round that just keeps on going round and round and round.
The first movement is structured in sonata form. After a chaotic opening, the allegro begins with a rhythmic and playful main theme of elfin breeziness, full of accents and changes of metre. It is contrasted by a lyrical and passionate second theme, richly scored in a postromantic fashion. The material seems to not appear fully-armed, but grow into themselves, a subtlety ignored by those who regard Lloyd s symphonies as merely a string of tunes. The return of the main theme signals the beginning of the development, reaching a climax with a transformation of the second theme. This leads to the varied recapitulation of the thematic material with a couple of brief outbursts. The allegro ends with a serene and contemplative coda, the strings divided into eleven parts, including a solo violin and cello.
The second movement is rather free in form, containing some of Lloyds most dissonant music. It opens with mysterious chords from woodwinds and brass, which will be a recurring element in the whole largo. English horn introduces a lyrical an expressive main theme, soon joined by the flute and passing onto strings. It unfolds in a tortuous and sorrowful manner, leading to a harsh climax. Cellos then take the main theme, followed by the oboe before the opening is recalled. The second theme of the previous allegro is quoted in a poignant flute solo over pulsating harp accompaniment. This brief, fragmentary remembrance is brutally cast aside in a sudden and short-lived climax. The harsh climax of before returns in full force, ending the largo with a slow and rather bleak diminuendo coda.
The third movement is also written in sonata form. It opens with percussion ostinati, before brass presents a brilliant and vigorous main theme. It is clearly derived from the main theme of the finale of Beethovens fifth symphony. This is followed by a graceful and dance-like second theme on woodwinds and strings. The development of the material begins with a contrapuntal passage, reaching a boisterous climax. The scoring is highly imaginative, colourful and effective. An animated climax leads to the recapitulation of the themes, before a crescendo leads to a brilliant and vitalistic coda.
Picture: Women of Algiers (1955) by Spanish painter Pablo Picasso.
Musical analysis partially written by myself. Sources: https://tinyurl.com/2bacwo99 and https://tinyurl.com/22ky7ct4
Unfortunately, the score isnt available. Symphony No.9 - George Lloyd](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/DIpAyw9j9PY/mqdefault.jpg)



![Symphony No.4 in E major - Franz Lachner
Evergreen Symphony Orchestra conducted by Gernot Schmalfuss.
I - Andante pesante - Più mosso - Allegro - Più mosso: 0:00
II - Scherzo. Allegro assai quasi presto - Meno mosso - Da capo: 19:13
III - Andante: 27:58
IV - Finale. Andante - Allegro assai: 37:44
Lachners Symphony No.4 was finished on November 17 of 1834, two months after accepting a post as court conductor at the court and National Theatre in Mannheim. It was rehearsed in that city on 1835, but the audiences general indifference towards Lachners music discouraged the composer. In the end, it was premiered in Vienna on October 31 of 1835, where it was very well-received, specially by critics. Lachner conducted the work once more on April 18 of 1836 at the last of the four seasonal academy concerts in Mannheim; then it fell completely silent.
Obviously, the work was overshadowed by Symphony No.5 in C minor (Sinfonia Passionata), which caused much controversy throughout the German-speaking world after its premiere in Vienna. In contrast, the fourth symphony fell into oblivion and never appeared in print. The work itself represents a transition between the more conventional third and the more substantial and expansive fifth symphony. During this time, Lachner was in his zenith as both as a composer and conductor. The confrontational juxtaposition of large-scale thematic blocks, found in his Symphonies nos.3, 4, and 5 preceded Bruckner in several decades.
The first movement is structured in a large-scale sonata form. It begins with a substantial andante introduction. An evocative horn solo introduces a widely lyrical melody in E major, a motive that will be key later on. The main allegro begins with a flowing and nostalgic main theme in E major, based on the horn melody and supported by a triplet rhythm. A vigorous transition leads to the passionate and expressive second theme in B minor, which is contrasted by a triumphal and joyful third theme in B major, offering great contrast. This exposition is then repeated in its entirety.
The development starts with the main theme on the basses in the key of C major, before it is fragmented and combined with the transition material with added counterpoint. Then the second theme heroically reappears in fortissimo on trombones and basses, wavering between B minor and major on trombones and bass. After a powerful climax is reached, a pianissimo cadence leads to the recapitulation of the themes. The only notable difference from the exposition is that the transition and second theme are now in the key of C-sharp minor. The material is again fragmented and quoted in the coda, which ends the allegro with a brilliant E major.
The second movement is a scherzo in ternary form. It opens with a rhythmic and elegant main theme in E major in 3/4 time, with up and down beats, rapid tempo and sudden changes of key. Occasional reminiscences of the first movement appear, such as the beginning of the main theme, first on cellos and then on violins. The non-repeated second section of the scherzo contains a veritable development of the opening theme, with canonic entries, elisions and sequential chains. At the climax, the beginning of theme appears as an upbeat in a sequence in the strings over weighty wind chords.
The central trio (also in E major) features a much slower Ländler-like second theme, divided in two parts that are repeated. At the beginning of the second section, the horns present an elegiac minor-key variation, before reappearing on full orchestra in a major key. Then motifs from the trio are combined with the beginning of the scherzo theme in an upbeat and leisurely tempo; in this way it also serves as a transition to the complete repeat of the scherzo da capo. A vigorous coda ends the movement.
The third movement is structured as a theme and variations. It begins with a lyrical, chorale-like main theme in C major, introduced by strings with each line ending marked by a wind chord; the actual chorale then appears in the divisi cellos. This is repeated by the horns and a further line is added in the divisi cellos, then taken up by the woodwinds. The trombone section returns to the introduction. A thematically independent, accelerated interlude in F major in the woodwinds, supported by pizzicato chords in the double basses, builds up to a restrained high point.
[Musical analysis continued in the comments section]
Picture: Forest of Fontainebleau (1834) by the French painter Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot.
Source: https://tinyurl.com/28w2cygx
To check the score: https://tinyurl.com/24hllj7e Symphony No.4 in E major - Franz Lachner](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Di0IHPeEu7U/mqdefault.jpg)


![Symphony No.2 in E-flat major - Edward Elgar
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Sir Charles Mackerras.
I - Allegro vivace e nobilmente - Impetuoso - Tempo I - Più lento - Tranquillo - Animato - Tempo I - Impetuoso - Tempo I: 0:00
II - Larghetto - Nobilmente e semplice - Lento: 16:14
III - Rondo. Presto: 31:20
IV - Moderato e maestoso - Grandioso - Nobilmente - Poco animato - Con fuoco - Poco a poco più tranquillo - Tempo I: 39:30
Elgars Symphony No.2 was composed between 1909-11, but with material that had been slowly gestated from 1903 onwards. It was premiered on May 24 of 1911 at the Queens Hall, performed by the Queens Hall Orchestra conducted by the composer. The piece was rather coldly received by the audience, far from the extraordinary success of the first symphony. Despite the fact that the piece was much better received in subsequent performances, this initial reception sparked a creative crisis in Elgars life.
While having no explicitly programmatic content, the symphony is heavily autobiographical; it reflects the triumphs and failures of preceding years, romances and deaths, the travels and discoveries and the overall splendorous age the United Kingdom enjoyed in what was called the Belle Époque, which would soon meet its end in the horrors of the Great War. Although Elgar defended the purity of abstract music, he wrote a few words about his work: It represents the passionate pilgrimage of a soul. The score of the work contains some lines of the poem Invocation by Shelley: Rarely, rarely comest thou, Spirit of delight!
While in the first symphony Elgar achieved thematic and structural unity through a single theme recurring in all four movements, with the second unity is achieved through extensive cross-references between movements. The symphonys thematic material, like much of Elgars work, consists of short, closely interrelated motives which are developed via repetition, sequential techniques, and the aforementioned subtle cross-references. Harmonically, the piece often borders on tonal ambiguity, pushing towards the dissolution of tonality. For this reason the piece is more complex and subsequently less popular than the first, although many consider it the better of the two.
The first movement is structured in sonata form. It begins with an exuberant and wilful main theme that we will call the spirit of delight, reappearing in the following movements as a unifying element. It is contrasted by a lyrical, dreamy second theme introduced by violins and fully exposed by cellos. The music grows until reaching a powerful climax of tremendous energy. The ensuing development is mysterious and eerie, with the spirit of delight theme peeking around. A rich, voluptuous theme is introduced (appearing most clearly on cellos), which will also reappear later on. It is described by Elgar as a sort of malign influence wandering through the summer night in the garden. The development continues until voluptuous reappears once again, but with a lot more of malice and menace. The propulsive energy of the main theme leads us to another thunderous climax, followed by the recapitulation of the themes. Tension and dissonance begins to accumulate, leading us to the climactic coda. A brief pause, in form of a lyrical and contemplative passage, precedes the appearance of the spirit of delight theme, bringing the movement to a firm and decided end.
The second movement is written in form of a sonatina (sonata without development). It opens with an expressive, dirge-like main theme on strings. It unfolds in form of a funereal march with solemn, slow drum taps and heavy brass chords. A wistful transition leads us to a solemn, expansive second theme in form of a brilliant hymn, introduced softly before rising full of passion. The main theme is then recapitulated with an extended oboe solo which weaves a counterpoint of remarkable subtlety and beauty. It was described by Elgar as a feminine voice lamenting over the broad manly first theme. The second theme leads us to a noble and solemn climax. The spirit of delight theme makes an appearance, firstly in the clarinets and violas, then a brief reference in the violins before the movement finally closes. Many believed it was an elegy to the recently deceased monarch Edward VII (to whom the piece is also dedicated), however its more probably that is a form of personal expression of Elgars grief, as he had lost close friends at the time.
[Musical analysis continued in the comments section]
Picture: Westminster Sunset, London (1900) by the English painter Albert Goodwin.
Musical analysis mostly written by myself. Sources: https://tinyurl.com/2azbw8er, https://tinyurl.com/23sc6mkt and https://tinyurl.com/2cl5nrxw
To check the score: https://tinyurl.com/23a5lhlb Symphony No.2 in E-flat major - Edward Elgar](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/EEheTPGnOQY/mqdefault.jpg)