Uploaded November 2025 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago
I've been quiet on Youtube recently, but not for lack of work on the boat! This video shows what I've been up to. With the significant help of Patrons and friends, I have four new PCBs on order. These will be the helm control boards for Mermaid's Rest.
In the coming videos, we'll assemble and start writing the code. This video shows how the boards will work, at a high level, and some of the challenges I had to overcome. More than anything, all I've learned to make these boards have a chance of being reliable over the journeys to come.
A super huge and special thank you to the folks on Patreon. Their knowledge and patience is beyond description!
-=] Patreon:
- patreon.com/c/TheDigitalMermaid
-=] Channels that have Helped Me;
* @ProjectBrupeg
* @OffGridGarageAustralia
* @AcornToArabella
* @BillCarlson
-=] References;Charlieplexing
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlieplexing
Adafruit Charlieplexer
- adafruit.com/product/2946
ST Nucleo-C092RC
- st.com/en/evaluation-tools/nucleo-c092rc.html
Lumissil IS31FL3731
- lumissil.com/assets/pdf/core/IS31FL3731_DS.pdf
Scotopic (Night) Vision
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotopic_vision
ST STM32C092KCT6
- st.com/resource/en/datasheet/stm32c091cc.pdf
STLINK-V3SET
- st.com/resource/en/data_brief/stlink-v3set.pdf
NMEA 2000 / N2K
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMEA_2000
GitHub - Mermaid's Rest - Full Boards
- github.com/digimer/Mermaids-Rest/tree/main/Full%20Boards
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 - Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en
GPLv3 - GNU General Public License v3
- gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
Bill of Materials - Google Sheets
- docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1s2RV25Aqq35Ps_foCP7-pKksEfrfetYYAbn-AQ_H0tk/edit?usp=sharing
Cassette Futurism
- aesthetics.fandom.com/wiki/Cassette_Futurism
TI MAX3232EIPWRQ1
- ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/max3232e-q1.pdf?ts=1736232244138
FD CAN bus
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN_FD
ST M24C64-RMN6P - 64 KiB EEPROM
- st.com/resource/en/datasheet/m24c64-f.pdf
I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) Bus
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I2C
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface
GPIO (General Pupose Input/Output)
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-purpose_input/output
Gerber File Format
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerber_format
KiCAD
- kicad.org
Ep. 98 - The Motors Spin!
- youtube.com/watch?v=ylXH46X1Iwk
ST STM32G474RET3
- st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32g474re.html
MCP4726 DAC
- ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/22272C.pdf
4N25 Opto-isolator
- vishay.com/docs/83725/4n25.pdf
JTAG
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTAG
-=] Chapters
0:00 - A Small Diversion That Wasn't Small. At All.
2:00 - Feature Creep Is A Thing / Patreon Thanks
3:40 - Scotopic vision and Red LEDs
4:27 - Well, Why Don't You Just...
5:58 - Power Isolation On A PCB
7:06 - Everything Is Open Source, Hack Away!
8:16 - So Many Voltages
10:23 - Cassette Futurism and Serial Ports
11:47 - MCU, NMEA2000/CANbus, EEPROM
12:58 - The I2C and SPI Busses
14:04 - GPIO Pin Protection; When Wires Are Antennas
16:12 - Pull Up and Pull Down Resistors
17:51 - Schematics And NetNames
19:55 - High-Level Overview of Charlieplexing
23:19 - PCB Routing; The Compass Rose PCB
26:44 - Putting Part On Both Sides Of The PCB; Why?
28:36 - DRC; Design Rule Checked - The Most Annoying Good Thing
29:14 - KiCAD Has A Great Community
29:49 - 3D Renders!
31:47 - Thermal Management
32:47 - Fixing A Small Mistake; Schematic to PCB
35:13 - The Next PCB; The Main Control Unit
39:57 - Optoisolators; They're Basically Magic
40:39 - Accurate Indication With Coarse LEDs
42:10 - D-Sub Connectors. SO MANY D-SUB!
45:32 - E-Stop Logic
46:31 - My Diesel Is Gone, I Got A New Diesel
49:01 - The MCU PCB And Field Repairability
50:51 - MCU Controlled Relays And Inductive Loads
52:24 - Battery Display Board; Electric Propulsion to ABYC Standards
54:58 - Relay Unit; Super Efficient Digital Switching!
1:00:40 - What's Next?
-=] Music Attribution
Eighties Action by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100243
Artist: incompetech.com
Touchpoint by Audionautix is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artist: audionautix.com
Inner Journey by Audionautix is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artist: audionautix.com
I've been quiet on Youtube recently, but not for lack of work on the boat! This video shows what I've been up to. With the significant help of Patrons and friends, I have four new PCBs on order. These will be the helm control boards for Mermaid's Rest.
In the coming videos, we'll assemble and start writing the code. This video shows how the boards will work, at a high level, and some of the challenges I had to overcome. More than anything, all I've learned to make these boards have a chance of being reliable over the journeys to come.
A super huge and special thank you to the folks on Patreon. Their knowledge and patience is beyond description!
-=] Patreon:
- patreon.com/c/TheDigitalMermaid
-=] Channels that have Helped Me;
* @ProjectBrupeg
* @OffGridGarageAustralia
* @AcornToArabella
* @BillCarlson
-=] References;Charlieplexing
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlieplexing
Adafruit Charlieplexer
- adafruit.com/product/2946
ST Nucleo-C092RC
- st.com/en/evaluation-tools/nucleo-c092rc.html
Lumissil IS31FL3731
- lumissil.com/assets/pdf/core/IS31FL3731_DS.pdf
Scotopic (Night) Vision
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotopic_vision
ST STM32C092KCT6
- st.com/resource/en/datasheet/stm32c091cc.pdf
STLINK-V3SET
- st.com/resource/en/data_brief/stlink-v3set.pdf
NMEA 2000 / N2K
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMEA_2000
GitHub - Mermaid's Rest - Full Boards
- github.com/digimer/Mermaids-Rest/tree/main/Full%20Boards
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 - Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en
GPLv3 - GNU General Public License v3
- gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
Bill of Materials - Google Sheets
- docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1s2RV25Aqq35Ps_foCP7-pKksEfrfetYYAbn-AQ_H0tk/edit?usp=sharing
Cassette Futurism
- aesthetics.fandom.com/wiki/Cassette_Futurism
TI MAX3232EIPWRQ1
- ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/max3232e-q1.pdf?ts=1736232244138
FD CAN bus
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN_FD
ST M24C64-RMN6P - 64 KiB EEPROM
- st.com/resource/en/datasheet/m24c64-f.pdf
I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) Bus
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I2C
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface
GPIO (General Pupose Input/Output)
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-purpose_input/output
Gerber File Format
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerber_format
KiCAD
- kicad.org
Ep. 98 - The Motors Spin!
- youtube.com/watch?v=ylXH46X1Iwk
ST STM32G474RET3
- st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32g474re.html
MCP4726 DAC
- ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/22272C.pdf
4N25 Opto-isolator
- vishay.com/docs/83725/4n25.pdf
JTAG
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTAG
-=] Chapters
0:00 - A Small Diversion That Wasn't Small. At All.
2:00 - Feature Creep Is A Thing / Patreon Thanks
3:40 - Scotopic vision and Red LEDs
4:27 - Well, Why Don't You Just...
5:58 - Power Isolation On A PCB
7:06 - Everything Is Open Source, Hack Away!
8:16 - So Many Voltages
10:23 - Cassette Futurism and Serial Ports
11:47 - MCU, NMEA2000/CANbus, EEPROM
12:58 - The I2C and SPI Busses
14:04 - GPIO Pin Protection; When Wires Are Antennas
16:12 - Pull Up and Pull Down Resistors
17:51 - Schematics And NetNames
19:55 - High-Level Overview of Charlieplexing
23:19 - PCB Routing; The Compass Rose PCB
26:44 - Putting Part On Both Sides Of The PCB; Why?
28:36 - DRC; Design Rule Checked - The Most Annoying Good Thing
29:14 - KiCAD Has A Great Community
29:49 - 3D Renders!
31:47 - Thermal Management
32:47 - Fixing A Small Mistake; Schematic to PCB
35:13 - The Next PCB; The Main Control Unit
39:57 - Optoisolators; They're Basically Magic
40:39 - Accurate Indication With Coarse LEDs
42:10 - D-Sub Connectors. SO MANY D-SUB!
45:32 - E-Stop Logic
46:31 - My Diesel Is Gone, I Got A New Diesel
49:01 - The MCU PCB And Field Repairability
50:51 - MCU Controlled Relays And Inductive Loads
52:24 - Battery Display Board; Electric Propulsion to ABYC Standards
54:58 - Relay Unit; Super Efficient Digital Switching!
1:00:40 - What's Next?
-=] Music Attribution
Eighties Action by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100243
Artist: incompetech.com
Touchpoint by Audionautix is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artist: audionautix.com
Inner Journey by Audionautix is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artist: audionautix.com
![Ep. 90 - Helm Controls, Pt. 1
This video covers getting the new helm control working to the point that its outputting the expected voltages based on the (very janky!) prototype throttle inputs! Theres a little work on the seventh battery, but that will get sorted out in the next video.
] References
@ELECTRONOOBS
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgPbzAWIwlk
@EngineeringMindset
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xb-MZMoUtcQ
* Mermaid’s Rest Github Repo
* https://github.com/digimer/Mermaids-Rest
] Parts;
Seeeduino Nano 102010268
* https://www.digikey.ca/en/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/102010268/10290292
Spectra Symbol Softpot Rotary 10 kOhm
* https://www.digikey.ca/en/products/detail/spectra-symbol/SP-R-0046-353-103-3-MP/17051027
Adafruit MCP4725 12-bit DAC
* https://www.digikey.ca/en/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/935/4990759
] Channels that have Helped Me;
* @ProjectBrupeg
* @OffGridGarageAustralia
* @AcornToArabella
] Chapters
0:00 - Intro and Overview
0:35 - Getting Started with the Arduino
3:25 - What the Kelly Control Expects
4:17 - Limited Potentiometer Range
6:32 - Running the Simplest Sketch
8:17 - Reading the Potentiometer Value
9:16 - Getting the DAC Working
9:59 - Finding the Usable Pot Range
13:25 - Pot Steps to DAC Steps
16:11 - Analog Pot Input to Voltage DAC Output
17:24 - Testing Arduino to DAC Output
18:26 - Initial Success!!
18:58 - OK, Not a Perfect Success…
21:38 - A Future Kitty Interlude
22:32 - Rebuilding the Original 48v Battery
23:55 - A Terrible Prototype for Better Debugging
24:51 - Back to the Seventh 48v Battery
27:46 - Debugging the Throttle Input
31:57 - Better Maths! Perl to the Rescue
33:16 - Open Source, Code on Github
34:43 - Testing the Better Math, New Bugs
39:10 - Back to the 80s!
40:35 - More Bugs Fixed; Variable Typing
42:02 - Madi Explains Code Badly
44:18 - A Working Demo!
45:05 - The Importance of Output Ramping
47:07 - What’s Next? And a Gift! Ep. 90 - Helm Controls, Pt. 1](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/gDaToQ4Z-4M/mqdefault.jpg)






![Lightning Rod Tip Shape; Good Blunts And Bad Points - Ep. 125
For decades, the recommended shape of a lightning rod was to be a sharp point. That was wrong, and blunt tips turned out to be much better lightning rods.
This video explains why that is the case.
] Patreon:
- https://www.patreon.com/c/TheDigitalMermaid
] Channels that have Helped Me;
* @ProjectBrupeg
* @OffGridGarageAustralia
* @AcornToArabella
* @BillCarlson
] References;
Lightning Rod Improvement Studies; C. B. Moore et. al
* Print Publication: 01 May 2000
* DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450-39.5.593
* URL: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/apme/39/5/1520-0450-39.5.593.xml
The Case for Using Blunt-Tipped Lightning Rods as Strike Receptors
C. B. Moore et. al.
* Print Publication: 01 Jul 2003
* DOI: https://doi.org/bxt6xp
* URL: https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/apme/42/7/1520-0450_2003_042_0984_tcfubl_2.0.co_2.xml
Graupel
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graupel
] Chapters;
0:00 - A Good Blunt, A Bad Tip
0:34 - The TL;DW
4:11 - Getting Nerdy; Caveat
4:46 - A Note On Charge Terminology and Classic Current
6:11 - The Cloud Charge Mechanism
7:39 - Temperature and The Charge Transfer Direction
9:12 - Ice Crystals, Graupel, Super-cooled Water and Ions
10:45 - The Negative Electric Field
11:57 - What Actually Is An Electron?
13:23 - Aluminium Atomic Structure and Electron Repulsion
15:37 - What Resists Electrons Being Pushed Down?
17:02 - Geometry and Electron Mobility
18:57 - System Voltage Potential And Tip Charge Amplification
20:25 - Stripping Air Molecules of Their Electrons
21:20 - The Space Charge Barrier
41:42 - Its All About Timing
] Image References;
Helmet
* Andrew Yamato - The Greek Phalank
* https://www.thegreekphalanx.org/helmets
Dr. Charles B Moore
* DaveThomasNMSR - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=49800506
Tesla Coil Streamer
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streamer_discharge#/media/File:Lightning_simulator_questacon.jpg
St. Elmos Fire Airplane
* Ugo Méda
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=168418096
Franklin and Electricity
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=33575176
Cumulonimbus Formation
* NOAA Tstorm-mature-stage.jpg:
* NOAA Tstorm-dissipating-stage.jpg:
* NOAA derivative work:
* Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10570783
Ice Crystals
* By Maxim Bilovitskiy - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=45343144
Graupel
* By Cincotta1 - Own work, CC0
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=146197039
Cloud Charge Distribution
* © Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
* https://kids.britannica.com/students/assembly/view/139631
Aluminium Atom Structure (classic)
* Pumbaa (original work by Greg Robson), CC BY-SA 2.0 UK
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Electron_shell_013_Aluminium.svg
Aluminium Lattice
* Matheustunes - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
* https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=77505781
Sea of free electrons
* Saint Chemistry 10
* https://saintschemistry10.weebly.com/metallic-bonding.html Lightning Rod Tip Shape; Good Blunts And Bad Points - Ep. 125](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/j6UJIRIMMac/mqdefault.jpg)
![Ep. 92 - The Motor Spins!
Wow, ok, so this is a lot! It took a LOT more work than expected, but the motor is finally under my own control!
The Kelly KLS-72100N, Golden Motor 10kw BLDC, and my own home brew (with your help!) arduino-based helm controls are all talking and working together. Its been a slog, but holy moly have I ever learned a lot. ^_^
We use MCP4725 12-bit DACs to send voltages to the controller, and a TI ULN2003a Darlington transistor array to flip the switches going to the controller. I also chase down a voltage issue that turns out to be a really dumb oops on my side.
] References
* Github Repo;
* https://github.com/digimer/Mermaids-Rest
* Kelly Controller and Golden Motor wiring and programming notes;
* https://docs.google.com/document/d/1qoHDtzcOTY1QK9pFImb2kukGdsc3yl-ahhXyBgp0OLk/edit?usp=sharing
* Solar Module Spreadsheet
* https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1xA61YyqvweVa14_RJr8GnbcYExgoz2e5J4FFda-LXy4/edit?usp=sharing
* Ep. 20 - https://youtu.be/nY6-lzRncws
] Channels that have Helped Me;
* @ProjectBrupeg
* @OffGridGarageAustralia
* @AcornToArabella
* @BillCarlson
] Chapters
0:00 - Intro, Springs, and Solar
1:28 - The Contactor is Hot! Why?
2:45 - Setting Up Solar Charging
8:37 - My Viewers Know Me Well
11:37 - Reconfiguring Victron SmartShunt
13:22 - Mic Failure and Pin Puller Tools
15:50 - Solar Charging Success!
16:11 - Adding Regen Support (a Second Pot and DAC)
21:33 - Saved By Patreons! Ignoring Trolls...
27:17 - What if the Throttle Cable Breaks?
29:31 - Adding Code Support for Regen
35:58 - A Kitty Interlude With a Sad Update
37:56 - Debugging Weird Numbers
43:22 - Noob Mistake, Voltage Issues
47:49 - Going Down The Wrong Path
49:31 - First Use of a Wonderful Gift! - Riden RD6024
52:33 - A Fresh Introduction; Fixing My Fixes
55:55 - Connecting The DACs to the Controller
56:49 - What Switches Do I Need?
59:38 - Flipping Switches With a Darlington Transistor Array
1:01:14 - Direction Control, Throttle and Speed Settings on a Boat
1:04:01 - Flipping Switches With Software
1:07:28 - Making Switches Stable With Resistors
1:09:36 - Stuck! Saved By Andrew (Again)
1:12:04 - The Incredible Value of Community
1:13:41 - Verifying The Switches Are Stable
1:15:22 - Configuring the Kelly KLS Controller
1:21:11 - Verifying Switch Voltages
1:23:03 - Final Pre-Spin Wiring
1:24:12 - Ready To Spin...
1:26:02 - IT SPINS!!!!! Ep. 92 - The Motor Spins!](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/jN1rcPOXi2w/mqdefault.jpg)

