Uploaded March 2019 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Not every peak of a function is its highest value, but without being able to see the whole thing at once, it's hard to know. This has some interesting implications for...well, all sorts of things!
-Links for the Curious-
“False Vacuum,” Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_vacuum
Studying cumulative cultural evolution in the laboratory (Caldwell & Millen, 2008) - royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rstb.2008.0133
How Traditions Live and Die, by Olivier Morin - books.google.com/books?id=jXERDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA225&lpg=PA225&dq=functional+traditions&source=bl&ots=k4coRPG3SA&sig=ACfU3U2yavVIjerHFR2k7gHf21jLGIB-cw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiLrcfqgo3hAhWnl-AKHd4jBTwQ6AEwD3oECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=functional%20traditions&f=false
“Neoevolutionism,” Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoevolutionism
Social learning mechanisms and cumulative cultural evolution. Is imitation necessary? (Caldwell & Millen, 2009) - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19891752
What is cumulative cultural evolution? (Misoudi & Thornton, 2018) - royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2018.0712#d3e676
“Beautiful Losers,” NOVA - pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/beautiful-losers
“Experimental Evidence,” Flat Earth Society Wiki - wiki.tfes.org/Experimental_Evidence
Not every peak of a function is its highest value, but without being able to see the whole thing at once, it's hard to know. This has some interesting implications for...well, all sorts of things!
-Links for the Curious-
“False Vacuum,” Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_vacuum
Studying cumulative cultural evolution in the laboratory (Caldwell & Millen, 2008) - royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rstb.2008.0133
How Traditions Live and Die, by Olivier Morin - books.google.com/books?id=jXERDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA225&lpg=PA225&dq=functional+traditions&source=bl&ots=k4coRPG3SA&sig=ACfU3U2yavVIjerHFR2k7gHf21jLGIB-cw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiLrcfqgo3hAhWnl-AKHd4jBTwQ6AEwD3oECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=functional%20traditions&f=false
“Neoevolutionism,” Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoevolutionism
Social learning mechanisms and cumulative cultural evolution. Is imitation necessary? (Caldwell & Millen, 2009) - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19891752
What is cumulative cultural evolution? (Misoudi & Thornton, 2018) - royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2018.0712#d3e676
“Beautiful Losers,” NOVA - pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/beautiful-losers
“Experimental Evidence,” Flat Earth Society Wiki - wiki.tfes.org/Experimental_Evidence


![186. Natural Kinds | THUNK
How many legs does a dog have, if you call a tail a leg? Philosophers: Well...it depends.
- Links for the Curious-
THUNK Discord - https://discord.gg/xGW7bmc
Natural Kinds (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/natural-kinds/
Scientific Enquiry and Natural Kinds - https://philpapers.org/archive/MAGSEA.pdf
Natural Kinds | Daniel Kaufman & Massimo Pigliucci [Sophia] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tE9QQ1uk01Q
The Categories Were Made For Man, Not Man For The Categories, by Scott Alexander - https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/11/21/the-categories-were-made-for-man-not-man-for-the-categories/
THUNK 134. The Problem of Universals - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WE4mXY42OBM 186. Natural Kinds | THUNK](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/bWj15Utv3os/mqdefault.jpg)





![208. How Complex Systems Fail
Engineering disasters often highlight how bad decisions can wreak havoc, but Dr. Richard Cooks model of complex systems & how they fail paints a different picture.
- Links for the Curious -
How Complex Systems Fail (Cook, 2000) - https://how.complexsystems.fail/
Behind Human Error: Cognitive Systems, Computers and Hindsight (Cook, 1994) - https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a492127.pdf
Normal Accidents (Perrow, 1984) - http://geo.unibuc.ro/dm/Documents/[Charles_Perrow]_Normal_Accidents.pdf
Velocity 2012: Richard Cook, How Complex Systems Fail - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2S0k12uZR14
Velocity NY 2013: Richard Cook, Resilience In Complex Adaptive Systems - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGLYEDpNu60
Flying Astronauts to Space Is Never Routine (Koren, 2020) - https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/11/spacex-nasa-astronauts-crew-launch/617112/
Well Theres Your Problem 8: Three Mile Island - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sm5p2K9eW9o
Well Theres Your Problem 4: The Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hw2t0MOGnVc
Well Theres Your Problem 12A: The Boeing 737 Max - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvM6vaZKKm4
Well Theres Your Problem 14: The Quebec Bridge - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjOduiPSF1Q
THUNK 161: 13 Reasons Why & Compatibilism - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngQ7Dh9-NFM
THUNK 199: FMEA - Dodging Disaster - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v z2s9Ornp6U
Climbing Accident Reports: How (and Why) to Read Them (Kirby, courtesy of Angus Smith!) - http://www.alpineinstitute.com/articles/expert-tips/climbing-accident-reports-how-(and-why)-to-read-them/
Funny how many problems boil down to People need to be less shitty to one another.
-Ulfoolius
Rest in peace, man. You will be missed. 208. How Complex Systems Fail](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/dPFw2ckWZyY/mqdefault.jpg)

