Uploaded April 2024 | Updated September 2026, 4 days ago
The Philadelphia Orchestra conducted by Eugene Ormandy
Translated to English as "The Ardeatine Caves". The symphony is divided into three continuously played sections, "Anteludium", "Offertorium" and "Postludium", but the start and end of each section is not specified in the score.
William Schuman (1910-1992) was a notable American composer of the 20th century, also known for serving as president of the Juilliard School and of Lincoln Center. See also my score video of Schuman's third symphony: youtube.com/watch?v=By4D_Nc1Gr0
Schuman's ninth symphony of 1968, as is the case with many of his later symphonies, is of a rather different character from his earlier orchestral works. It was written after the composer visited the Ardeatine Caves, in which over 300 Italian civilians were massacred by the Nazis in 1944 following an earlier attack by Italian resistance forces.
The musical content of this work has always been controversial and may not resonate with some ears, at least at first. Befitting the subject matter, it is a bleak, gloomy, and essentially atonal piece with far less clarity in development than one might find in Schuman's third symphony. However, it is also a deeply emotional and moving symphony that has much to offer the more contemplative and patient listener.
The Philadelphia Orchestra conducted by Eugene Ormandy
Translated to English as "The Ardeatine Caves". The symphony is divided into three continuously played sections, "Anteludium", "Offertorium" and "Postludium", but the start and end of each section is not specified in the score.
William Schuman (1910-1992) was a notable American composer of the 20th century, also known for serving as president of the Juilliard School and of Lincoln Center. See also my score video of Schuman's third symphony: youtube.com/watch?v=By4D_Nc1Gr0
Schuman's ninth symphony of 1968, as is the case with many of his later symphonies, is of a rather different character from his earlier orchestral works. It was written after the composer visited the Ardeatine Caves, in which over 300 Italian civilians were massacred by the Nazis in 1944 following an earlier attack by Italian resistance forces.
The musical content of this work has always been controversial and may not resonate with some ears, at least at first. Befitting the subject matter, it is a bleak, gloomy, and essentially atonal piece with far less clarity in development than one might find in Schuman's third symphony. However, it is also a deeply emotional and moving symphony that has much to offer the more contemplative and patient listener.
![SOMEI SATOH - Kisetsu for orchestra (Score Video)
This video is provided for educational use only; please email me at pranav.sivakumar@berkeley.edu regarding any copyright issues.
Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra conducted by Tetsuji Honna
Somei Satoh (1947-) is a Japanese contemporary composer whose work incorporates such diverse influences as Japanese court music, 19th-century Romanticism, Shinto and Zen Buddhist philosophies, and often the electronic innovations of the late 20th century - in which Satoh was particularly involved early in his career. Besides solo, chamber, choral, and orchestral works for Western instruments, he has also written purely electronic music, works of music theatre and pieces for Japanese instruments.
Satoh has long been one of my favorite composers almost ever since I discovered the wider world of contemporary music around 2015; I find his carefully considered treatment of silence to be the most beautiful and profound aspect of his work. Few of Satohs pieces display these traits more strongly than Kisetsu (Season in English), which was written in 1999 as a commission from the New York Philharmonic and premiered the same year. As Satoh himself prefers, I will let this work, which says no more musically than it needs to, speak for itself and simply end with the composers reflections on his music:
My music is limited to certain elements of sound and there are many calm repetitions. There is also much prolongation of a single sound. I think silence and the prolongation of sound is the same thing in terms of space. The only difference is that there is either the presence or absence of sound. More important is whether the space is living or not. Our [Japanese] sense of time and space is different from that of the West. For example, in the Shinto religion, there is the term imanaka which is not just the present moment which lies between the stretch of past eternity and future immortality, but also the manifestation of the moment of all time which is multi-layered and multi-dimensional .... I would like it if the listener could abandon all previous conceptions of time and experience a new sense of time presented in this music as if eternal time can be lived in a single moment. SOMEI SATOH - Kisetsu for orchestra (Score Video)](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ot7kNG4d6PU/mqdefault.jpg)









