Uploaded October 2019 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
In this video we will discuss why Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020. At the end, you will know how CRISPR /Cas9 (CRISPR Technology) changed modern Molecular Biology and Biochemistry.
Subscribe for more awesome biomedical research: bit.ly/2SRMqhC
Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier were awarded with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 for "the development of a method for genome editing." This method is called CRISPR Cas9 and this genome editing tool enables precise and controlled changed in the DNA. CRISPR Cas9 is a short version of the two terms clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9. Like many other tools in life sciences, CRISPR Cas9 was adapted from a natural system found in bacteria. CRISPR Cas9 system has been adapted and is used in the laboratory. We can create small RNA pieces, called guide RNAs, and Cas9 proteins to make cuts at defined regions within the genome of cell lines or organisms. Through subsequent DNA repair mechanisms of the cell, we can introduce mutations or new sequences (for example genes) to the genome). In this manner we can, for example, integrate the green fluorescence protein (GFP) adjacent to a gene X to visualize the localization of a protein X.
Today, there are many different applications based on this principle which is the reason why Doudna and Charpentier won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020. CRISPR Cas9 has been already effectively been used to modify crops and making them more fertile or to correct mutations in animal models suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Furthermore, CRISPR Cas9 has also been involved in immunotherapy to generate engineered T cells. However, a few challenges remain: We need to find ways to make CRISPR Cas9 targeting more efficient and precise. We also need to find a way to efficiently deliver gRNAs and Cas9 proteins to specific cell types. Last but not least, there are also ethical concerns: if CRISPR Cas9 is active in germline cells (sperm and eggs), it might lead to mutations which are passed to future generations.
Nonetheless, CRISPR Cas9 is a truly revolutionary tool to edit the genomes of cell lines and organisms. It is comparably easy to apply, very specific and cheap and it might lead to a cure for genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, or sickle cell anemia. These are some reasons why Doudna and Charpentier were awarded with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020.
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For your further research:
Davies, K. "CRISPR's China Crisis: Germline editing claim could raise danger of overreaction or present opportunity for regulation." Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News 39.1 (2019): 54-56.
Cui, Y, et al. "Review of CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA design tools." Interdisciplinary Sciences: Computational Life Sciences 10.2 (2018): 455-465.
Knott, GJ., and Doudna AJ. "CRISPR-Cas guides the future of genetic engineering." Science 361.6405 (2018): 866-869.
Music:
Intro:
Light Sting by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com
Transitions:
Light Thought var 3 by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Artist: incompetech.com
About Clemens Steinek:
CLEMENS STEINEK is a postgraduate student/youtuber (LifeLabLearner) who is currently conducting stem cell research in Germany.
In this video we will discuss why Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020. At the end, you will know how CRISPR /Cas9 (CRISPR Technology) changed modern Molecular Biology and Biochemistry.
Subscribe for more awesome biomedical research: bit.ly/2SRMqhC
Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier were awarded with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 for "the development of a method for genome editing." This method is called CRISPR Cas9 and this genome editing tool enables precise and controlled changed in the DNA. CRISPR Cas9 is a short version of the two terms clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9. Like many other tools in life sciences, CRISPR Cas9 was adapted from a natural system found in bacteria. CRISPR Cas9 system has been adapted and is used in the laboratory. We can create small RNA pieces, called guide RNAs, and Cas9 proteins to make cuts at defined regions within the genome of cell lines or organisms. Through subsequent DNA repair mechanisms of the cell, we can introduce mutations or new sequences (for example genes) to the genome). In this manner we can, for example, integrate the green fluorescence protein (GFP) adjacent to a gene X to visualize the localization of a protein X.
Today, there are many different applications based on this principle which is the reason why Doudna and Charpentier won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020. CRISPR Cas9 has been already effectively been used to modify crops and making them more fertile or to correct mutations in animal models suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Furthermore, CRISPR Cas9 has also been involved in immunotherapy to generate engineered T cells. However, a few challenges remain: We need to find ways to make CRISPR Cas9 targeting more efficient and precise. We also need to find a way to efficiently deliver gRNAs and Cas9 proteins to specific cell types. Last but not least, there are also ethical concerns: if CRISPR Cas9 is active in germline cells (sperm and eggs), it might lead to mutations which are passed to future generations.
Nonetheless, CRISPR Cas9 is a truly revolutionary tool to edit the genomes of cell lines and organisms. It is comparably easy to apply, very specific and cheap and it might lead to a cure for genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, or sickle cell anemia. These are some reasons why Doudna and Charpentier were awarded with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020
For your further research:
Davies, K. "CRISPR's China Crisis: Germline editing claim could raise danger of overreaction or present opportunity for regulation." Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News 39.1 (2019): 54-56.
Cui, Y, et al. "Review of CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA design tools." Interdisciplinary Sciences: Computational Life Sciences 10.2 (2018): 455-465.
Knott, GJ., and Doudna AJ. "CRISPR-Cas guides the future of genetic engineering." Science 361.6405 (2018): 866-869.
Music:
Intro:
Light Sting by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com
Transitions:
Light Thought var 3 by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Artist: incompetech.com
About Clemens Steinek:
CLEMENS STEINEK is a postgraduate student/youtuber (LifeLabLearner) who is currently conducting stem cell research in Germany.
