Uploaded October 2020 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago

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This video discusses how the genetic code of DNA is used by cells to build proteins that determine traits. The processes of transcription and translation are covered. The video also gives explanation of how to use an mRNA codon chart.

HS-LS1-1 Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.

Image credits:
By Collage put together by User:Jujutacular. Source image authors: User:Rama, User:Jastrow, User:Mattbuck - Source images: File:Mia Petitbois IMG 2141.JPG, File:Vincent Glad 2012-01-30.jpg, File:Nottingham Pride MMB A5.jpg, File:Vladimir Skoda 2011-07-23 02.jpg, File:Alexeeva Natalia-IMG 4315.jpg., CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22576606
By LeuschteLampe - Self-photographed, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14527332
By InvictaHOG - Own work, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1088507
Image modified from "Translation: Figure 3
," by OpenStax College, Biology (CC BY 4.0)
Genetic Code Chart by NIH history.nih.gov/exhibits/nirenberg/HS5_cracked.htm
By Thomas Shafee - Own work, CC BY 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39441809
By Dhorspool at en.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15183788
By File:Difference DNA RNA-DE.svg: Sponk / *translation: Sponk - Chemical structures of nucleobases by Roland1952, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9810855
By File:Difference DNA RNA-DE.svg: Sponk / *translation: Sponk - Chemical structures of nucleobases by Roland1952, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9810855
DNA to Protein by The Concord Consortium is licensed under CC-BY 4.0.

Music credit:
Flames by Dan Henig