Uploaded December 2020 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
CORRECTIONS:
@7:05 I said papers published in the Lancet reached the opposite conclusion. In fact they didn't say mortality is reduced through lockdown, only that the rate of infection is reduced. See the correction video linked, at youtube.com/watch?v=1WQLnjegW4E
@7:11 -- I show a paper that concludes "[Lockdowns] were associated with reductions in R... and lifting internal movement limits were associated with increases of R."
In fact that screenshot comes from a different Lancet paper, "The temporal association of introducing and lifting non-pharmaceutical interventions with the time-varying reproduction number (R) of SARS-CoV-2: a modelling study across 131 countries.
The paper shown at 7:11 concludes: "Lockdown therefore appears to
have been successful not only in alleviating the burden on the intensive
care units of the two most severely affected regions of France, but also in preventing uncontrolled epidemics in other regions."
@8:27 - "Koch" should be pronounced "coke" in the USA.
@14:07 - I said most Swedes live alone. I should have said most households are only one person.
@16:04 & 18:52 - This is an old news article. For an article about the grounding of Swedish aircraft due to Covid-19, see independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/coronavirus-flight-cancelled-airline-suspended-austrian-lot-polish-sas-a9404886.html
@18:20 - I said the Swedish healthcare system is free. In fact there is a small charge. Swedes in the forum say the cost of an intensive care bed is about $12 a day. This compares with hundreds of dollars in the USA.
@19:59 -- I show the page for Sweden instead of Norway. See https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/region/norway for the correct page.
Swedish guidelines Nov 24:
https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/the-public-health-agency-of-sweden/communicable-disease-control/covid-19/local-general-guidelines/
JAMA article:
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2771841?alert=article
Swedish government "Restrictions and prohibitions"
https://www.krisinformation.se/en/hazards-and-risks/disasters-and-incidents/2020/official-information-on-the-new-coronavirus/restriktioner-och-forbud
bmj.com/content/bmj/370/bmj.m3026.full.pdf
"Symptom duration and risk factors for delayed return to usual health among outpatients with COVID-19 in a multistate health care systems network" — Tenforde et al , Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2020
cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6930e1.htm. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6930e1 pmid:32730238
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2768351
CORRECTIONS:
@7:05 I said papers published in the Lancet reached the opposite conclusion. In fact they didn't say mortality is reduced through lockdown, only that the rate of infection is reduced. See the correction video linked, at youtube.com/watch?v=1WQLnjegW4E
@7:11 -- I show a paper that concludes "[Lockdowns] were associated with reductions in R... and lifting internal movement limits were associated with increases of R."
In fact that screenshot comes from a different Lancet paper, "The temporal association of introducing and lifting non-pharmaceutical interventions with the time-varying reproduction number (R) of SARS-CoV-2: a modelling study across 131 countries.
The paper shown at 7:11 concludes: "Lockdown therefore appears to
have been successful not only in alleviating the burden on the intensive
care units of the two most severely affected regions of France, but also in preventing uncontrolled epidemics in other regions."
@8:27 - "Koch" should be pronounced "coke" in the USA.
@14:07 - I said most Swedes live alone. I should have said most households are only one person.
@16:04 & 18:52 - This is an old news article. For an article about the grounding of Swedish aircraft due to Covid-19, see independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/coronavirus-flight-cancelled-airline-suspended-austrian-lot-polish-sas-a9404886.html
@18:20 - I said the Swedish healthcare system is free. In fact there is a small charge. Swedes in the forum say the cost of an intensive care bed is about $12 a day. This compares with hundreds of dollars in the USA.
@19:59 -- I show the page for Sweden instead of Norway. See https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/region/norway for the correct page.
Swedish guidelines Nov 24:
https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/the-public-health-agency-of-sweden/communicable-disease-control/covid-19/local-general-guidelines/
JAMA article:
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2771841?alert=article
Swedish government "Restrictions and prohibitions"
https://www.krisinformation.se/en/hazards-and-risks/disasters-and-incidents/2020/official-information-on-the-new-coronavirus/restriktioner-och-forbud
bmj.com/content/bmj/370/bmj.m3026.full.pdf
"Symptom duration and risk factors for delayed return to usual health among outpatients with COVID-19 in a multistate health care systems network" — Tenforde et al , Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2020
cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6930e1.htm. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6930e1 pmid:32730238
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2768351







![Are we headed for a Grand Solar Minimum?
CORRECTIONS:
At 0:59 I should have said luminosity instead of luminescence.
At 3:00 I read the range of estimates of past GSM dips from 0.08% to 0.25%. I should have said most estimates, because Anet et als highest estimate was 0.4%
SOURCES:
00:10 - The persistence of solar activity indicators and the descent of the Sun into Maunder Minimum conditions, Lockwood et al., GRL 2011
0:14 - Could a future Grand dolar minimum like the Maunder Minimum stop global warming? Meehl et al., 2013
0:16 - Regional Climate impacts of a possible future grand solar minimum Ineson et al, Nature Communications
0:41 - https://wattsupwiththat.com/2018/03/18/approaching-grand-solar-minimum-could-cause-global-cooling/
0:45 - Prediction of solar activity from solar background magnetic field variations in cycles 21 - 23 Shepherd at al., Tha Astrophysical Journal (Nov 2014)
0:57 - Faint Young Sun paradox: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Illustration-of-the-Faint-Young-Sun-Paradox_fig1_262452752
1:27 - https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-PMOD-TSI-composite-shows-peak-to-peak-TSI-variability-of-01-in-each-of-the-three_fig1_304018426
2:58 On the effect of a new grand minimum of solar activity
on the future climate on Earth Feulner and Rahmstorf , 2010
Could a future “Grand Solar Minimum” like the Maunder Minimum stop global warming? Meehl et al. , 2013
The impact of a future solar minimum on climate change projections
in the Northern Hemisphere Chiodo et al., Environmental Research Letters (2016)
What influence will future solar activity changes over the 21st century have on projected global near-surface temperature changes? Jones et al. 2012 (incorrectly dates as 2011 in the video)
Solar change and climate: an update in the light
of the current exceptional solar minimum Lockwood et al. , 2009;
Prediction of solar activity for the next 500 years Steinhilber and Beer , 2013
Impact of a potential 21st century “grand solar minimum” on surface
temperatures and stratospheric ozone Anet, J. G., et al. Geophys. Res. Lett (2013),
earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/7122/chilly-temperatures-during-the-maunder-minimum based on Shindell 2001
4:26 Solar Forcing of Regional Climate Change During the Maunder Minimum - Shindel at al., Science 2001
6:22 The impact of a future solar minimum on climate change projections
in the Northern Hemisphere Chiodo et al., Environmental Research Letters (2016)
7:06 https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2015/07/11/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-in-just-15-years-scientists-say/2751436649025/
7:43 https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html#:~:text=The%20earth%20is%2015%20years,produces%20%22unprecedentedly%20accurate%20predictions%22.
7:50 - independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/mini-ice-age-coming-in-next-fifteen-years-new-model-of-the-suns-cycle-shows-10382400
8:21 https://nam2015.org/press-releases/64-irregular-heartbeat-of-the-sun-driven-by-double-dynamo
8:29 Heartbeat of the Sun from Principal Component Analysis and prediction of solar activity on a millenium timescale Zharkova, Scientific Reports (Open access)
10:01 Scientists dispute ice age warnings USA Today - https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/07/16/scientists-dispute-ice-age-warnings/30257409/
11:23 Int Business Times https://www.ibtimes.com/scientist-warns-mini-ice-age-sun-hibernates-during-solar-minimum-2915068#:~:text=An%20expert%20warned%20that%20Earth,that%20occurs%20every%2011%20years.
11:42 www.express.co.uk/news/science/1237178/weather-warning-ice-age-earth-sun-hibernates-solar-minimum-long-range-forecast headline correction
11:52 www.thesun.co.uk/tech/10864950/mini-ice-age-earth-weather/?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=sharebarweb
12:12 Zharkova video - www.youtube.com/watch?v=JyyuouPSNEA 2
13:09 Reconstruction of solar irradiance since the Maunder Minimum Lean et al., GPL (2000)
14:14 https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/11/why-536-was-worst-year-be-alive
14:48 https://www.thenational.ae/world/gcc/flash-floods-strike-oman-as-temperatures-sink-below-zero-1.964904
15:23 https://www.youtube.com/user/MyanmarLiving
16:57 - www.facebook.com/pg/Inventor-Lee-Wheelbarger-424739434370221/posts/?ref=page_internal 1
21:39 metro.co.uk/2018/11/16/nasa-slowdown-8146529
22:02 - https://spaceweatherarchive.com/2018/09/27/the-chill-of-solar-minimum/
23:05 https://climatefeedback.org/we-are-not-heading-towards-a-mini-ice-age-contrary-to-claims-in-some-media/
23:39 www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150709092955
[YouTube says the description is now too long. Please google other sources from titles shown on the screen - sorry.] Are we headed for a Grand Solar Minimum?](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/wjgCaF9BGUo/mqdefault.jpg)


