Uploaded June 2020 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
CORRECTIONS:
At 0:59 I should have said "luminosity" instead of "luminescence."
At 3:00 I read the range of estimates of past GSM dips from 0.08% to 0.25%. I should have said "most estimates," because Anet et al's highest estimate was 0.4%
SOURCES:
00:10 - "The persistence of solar activity indicators and the descent of the Sun into Maunder Minimum conditions," Lockwood et al., GRL 2011
0:14 - "Could a future "Grand dolar minimum" like the Maunder Minimum stop global warming?" -- Meehl et al., 2013
0:16 - "Regional Climate impacts of a possible future grand solar minimum" -- Ineson et al, Nature Communications
0:41 - wattsupwiththat.com/2018/03/18/approaching-grand-solar-minimum-could-cause-global-cooling
0:45 - "Prediction of solar activity from solar background magnetic field variations in cycles 21 - 23" -- Shepherd at al., Tha Astrophysical Journal (Nov 2014)
0:57 - Faint Young Sun paradox: researchgate.net/figure/Illustration-of-the-Faint-Young-Sun-Paradox_fig1_262452752
1:27 - researchgate.net/figure/The-PMOD-TSI-composite-shows-peak-to-peak-TSI-variability-of-01-in-each-of-the-three_fig1_304018426
2:58 -- "On the effect of a new grand minimum of solar activity
on the future climate on Earth" -- Feulner and Rahmstorf , 2010
"Could a future “Grand Solar Minimum” like the Maunder Minimum stop global warming?" -- Meehl et al. , 2013
" The impact of a future solar minimum on climate change projections
in the Northern Hemisphere" -- Chiodo et al., Environmental Research Letters (2016)
" What influence will future solar activity changes over the 21st century have on projected global near-surface temperature changes?" -- Jones et al. 2012 (incorrectly dates as 2011 in the video)
" Solar change and climate: an update in the light
of the current exceptional solar minimum" -- Lockwood et al. , 2009;
" Prediction of solar activity for the next 500 years" -- Steinhilber and Beer , 2013
"Impact of a potential 21st century “grand solar minimum” on surface
temperatures and stratospheric ozone" -- Anet, J. G., et al. Geophys. Res. Lett (2013),
earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/7122/chilly-temperatures-during-the-maunder-minimum based on Shindell 2001
4:26 -- "Solar Forcing of Regional Climate Change During the Maunder Minimum" - Shindel at al., Science 2001
6:22 -- " The impact of a future solar minimum on climate change projections
in the Northern Hemisphere" -- Chiodo et al., Environmental Research Letters (2016)
7:06 -- upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2015/07/11/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-in-just-15-years-scientists-say/2751436649025
7:43 -- telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html#:~:text=The%20earth%20is%2015%20years,produces%20%22unprecedentedly%20accurate%20predictions%22.
7:50 - independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/mini-ice-age-coming-in-next-fifteen-years-new-model-of-the-suns-cycle-shows-10382400
8:21 -- nam2015.org/press-releases/64-irregular-heartbeat-of-the-sun-driven-by-double-dynamo
8:29 -- "Heartbeat of the Sun from Principal Component Analysis and prediction of solar activity on a millenium timescale" -- Zharkova, Scientific Reports (Open access)
10:01 -- "Scientists dispute 'ice age' warnings" -- USA Today - usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/07/16/scientists-dispute-ice-age-warnings/30257409
11:23 -- Int Business Times ibtimes.com/scientist-warns-mini-ice-age-sun-hibernates-during-solar-minimum-2915068#:~:text=An%20expert%20warned%20that%20Earth,that%20occurs%20every%2011%20years.
11:42 -- express.co.uk/news/science/1237178/weather-warning-ice-age-earth-sun-hibernates-solar-minimum-long-range-forecast headline correction
11:52 -- thesun.co.uk/tech/10864950/mini-ice-age-earth-weather/?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=sharebarweb
12:12 -- Zharkova video - youtube.com/watch?v=JyyuouPSNEA 2
13:09 -- "Reconstruction of solar irradiance since the Maunder Minimum" -- Lean et al., GPL (2000)
14:14 -- sciencemag.org/news/2018/11/why-536-was-worst-year-be-alive
14:48 https://www.thenational.ae/world/gcc/flash-floods-strike-oman-as-temperatures-sink-below-zero-1.964904
15:23 -- youtube.com/user/MyanmarLiving
16:57 - facebook.com/pg/Inventor-Lee-Wheelbarger-424739434370221/posts/?ref=page_internal 1
21:39 -- metro.co.uk/2018/11/16/nasa-slowdown-8146529
22:02 - spaceweatherarchive.com/2018/09/27/the-chill-of-solar-minimum
23:05 -- climatefeedback.org/we-are-not-heading-towards-a-mini-ice-age-contrary-to-claims-in-some-media
23:39 -- sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150709092955
[YouTube says the description is now too long. Please google other sources from titles shown on the screen - sorry.]
CORRECTIONS:
At 0:59 I should have said "luminosity" instead of "luminescence."
At 3:00 I read the range of estimates of past GSM dips from 0.08% to 0.25%. I should have said "most estimates," because Anet et al's highest estimate was 0.4%
SOURCES:
00:10 - "The persistence of solar activity indicators and the descent of the Sun into Maunder Minimum conditions," Lockwood et al., GRL 2011
0:14 - "Could a future "Grand dolar minimum" like the Maunder Minimum stop global warming?" -- Meehl et al., 2013
0:16 - "Regional Climate impacts of a possible future grand solar minimum" -- Ineson et al, Nature Communications
0:41 - wattsupwiththat.com/2018/03/18/approaching-grand-solar-minimum-could-cause-global-cooling
0:45 - "Prediction of solar activity from solar background magnetic field variations in cycles 21 - 23" -- Shepherd at al., Tha Astrophysical Journal (Nov 2014)
0:57 - Faint Young Sun paradox: researchgate.net/figure/Illustration-of-the-Faint-Young-Sun-Paradox_fig1_262452752
1:27 - researchgate.net/figure/The-PMOD-TSI-composite-shows-peak-to-peak-TSI-variability-of-01-in-each-of-the-three_fig1_304018426
2:58 -- "On the effect of a new grand minimum of solar activity
on the future climate on Earth" -- Feulner and Rahmstorf , 2010
"Could a future “Grand Solar Minimum” like the Maunder Minimum stop global warming?" -- Meehl et al. , 2013
" The impact of a future solar minimum on climate change projections
in the Northern Hemisphere" -- Chiodo et al., Environmental Research Letters (2016)
" What influence will future solar activity changes over the 21st century have on projected global near-surface temperature changes?" -- Jones et al. 2012 (incorrectly dates as 2011 in the video)
" Solar change and climate: an update in the light
of the current exceptional solar minimum" -- Lockwood et al. , 2009;
" Prediction of solar activity for the next 500 years" -- Steinhilber and Beer , 2013
"Impact of a potential 21st century “grand solar minimum” on surface
temperatures and stratospheric ozone" -- Anet, J. G., et al. Geophys. Res. Lett (2013),
earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/7122/chilly-temperatures-during-the-maunder-minimum based on Shindell 2001
4:26 -- "Solar Forcing of Regional Climate Change During the Maunder Minimum" - Shindel at al., Science 2001
6:22 -- " The impact of a future solar minimum on climate change projections
in the Northern Hemisphere" -- Chiodo et al., Environmental Research Letters (2016)
7:06 -- upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2015/07/11/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-in-just-15-years-scientists-say/2751436649025
7:43 -- telegraph.co.uk/news/science/11733369/Earth-heading-for-mini-ice-age-within-15-years.html#:~:text=The%20earth%20is%2015%20years,produces%20%22unprecedentedly%20accurate%20predictions%22.
7:50 - independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/mini-ice-age-coming-in-next-fifteen-years-new-model-of-the-suns-cycle-shows-10382400
8:21 -- nam2015.org/press-releases/64-irregular-heartbeat-of-the-sun-driven-by-double-dynamo
8:29 -- "Heartbeat of the Sun from Principal Component Analysis and prediction of solar activity on a millenium timescale" -- Zharkova, Scientific Reports (Open access)
10:01 -- "Scientists dispute 'ice age' warnings" -- USA Today - usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/07/16/scientists-dispute-ice-age-warnings/30257409
11:23 -- Int Business Times ibtimes.com/scientist-warns-mini-ice-age-sun-hibernates-during-solar-minimum-2915068#:~:text=An%20expert%20warned%20that%20Earth,that%20occurs%20every%2011%20years.
11:42 -- express.co.uk/news/science/1237178/weather-warning-ice-age-earth-sun-hibernates-solar-minimum-long-range-forecast headline correction
11:52 -- thesun.co.uk/tech/10864950/mini-ice-age-earth-weather/?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=sharebarweb
12:12 -- Zharkova video - youtube.com/watch?v=JyyuouPSNEA 2
13:09 -- "Reconstruction of solar irradiance since the Maunder Minimum" -- Lean et al., GPL (2000)
14:14 -- sciencemag.org/news/2018/11/why-536-was-worst-year-be-alive
14:48 https://www.thenational.ae/world/gcc/flash-floods-strike-oman-as-temperatures-sink-below-zero-1.964904
15:23 -- youtube.com/user/MyanmarLiving
16:57 - facebook.com/pg/Inventor-Lee-Wheelbarger-424739434370221/posts/?ref=page_internal 1
21:39 -- metro.co.uk/2018/11/16/nasa-slowdown-8146529
22:02 - spaceweatherarchive.com/2018/09/27/the-chill-of-solar-minimum
23:05 -- climatefeedback.org/we-are-not-heading-towards-a-mini-ice-age-contrary-to-claims-in-some-media
23:39 -- sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150709092955
[YouTube says the description is now too long. Please google other sources from titles shown on the screen - sorry.]
