Uploaded July 2023 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Invented by Horace Carley of Cambridgeport, Massachusetts in 1903, the Carley Float was widely carried by both merchant and naval vessels during the First and Second World Wars. Its small size and light weight made it easier to launch than conventional lifeboats while its robust design allowed it to stand up to the rigours of the open sea. Though it provided it occupants with little protection from the elements, it nonetheless helped save countless lives.
SOURCES:
web.archive.org/web/20080725153706/http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/hmas_sydney/carleyfloat.pdf
web.archive.org/web/20080723211030/http://www.navalandmilitarymuseum.org/resource_pages/chars/carley.html
web.archive.org/web/20080725153706/http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/hmas_sydney/carleyfloat.pdf
patents.google.com/patent/US734118
https://www.minister.defence.gov.au/media-releases/2021-11-19/unknown-hmas-sydney-ii-sailor-named-after-80-years
legionmagazine.com/en/the-carley-float
ontheslipway.com/night-life-buoy
patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/d9/3e/42/f40bd55c4962e1/US2344652.pdf
shipwreckworld.com/maps/ss-la-bourgogne
Invented by Horace Carley of Cambridgeport, Massachusetts in 1903, the Carley Float was widely carried by both merchant and naval vessels during the First and Second World Wars. Its small size and light weight made it easier to launch than conventional lifeboats while its robust design allowed it to stand up to the rigours of the open sea. Though it provided it occupants with little protection from the elements, it nonetheless helped save countless lives.
SOURCES:
web.archive.org/web/20080725153706/http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/hmas_sydney/carleyfloat.pdf
web.archive.org/web/20080723211030/http://www.navalandmilitarymuseum.org/resource_pages/chars/carley.html
web.archive.org/web/20080725153706/http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/hmas_sydney/carleyfloat.pdf
patents.google.com/patent/US734118
https://www.minister.defence.gov.au/media-releases/2021-11-19/unknown-hmas-sydney-ii-sailor-named-after-80-years
legionmagazine.com/en/the-carley-float
ontheslipway.com/night-life-buoy
patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/d9/3e/42/f40bd55c4962e1/US2344652.pdf
shipwreckworld.com/maps/ss-la-bourgogne





![Trinitite: Dawn of the Atomic Age
[NOTE: at 8:39 I state that Co-60 in Trinitite was formed by neutron activation of Co-59 in steel components. Another, more likely pathway is the neutron activation of Fe-58 in steel into Fe-59, which decays via beta emission into Co-60 with a half-life of 44.5 days.]
Trinitite is glass formed from sand melted by nuclear explosions - particularly the very first, the Trinity Test, detonated near Alamogordo, New Mexico, on July 16, 1945. A diverse mineral found in many forms and colours and containing a witchs brew of radioisotopes, the composition of Trinitite reveals much about the chemistry, physics, and engineering pioneered by the Manhattan Project.
0:00 Introduction
1:02 Trinity Yield Analysis
1:57 Sampling Sherman Tanks
3:28 Ground Zero
4:27 Naming Trinitite
5:00 Forms of Trinitite
5:36 Mineralogy of Trinitite
6:24 Trinitite Formation Theories
7:27 Trinitite Colours
7:56 Trinitite Trace Elements
9:01 Authenticating Trinitite
10:11 Safety of Trinitite
11:00 Politics of Trinitite
11:49 Collecting Trinitite
12:40 Outro
SOURCES
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/trinitite-trinity-test-mineral-cultural-jewelry
http://www.helfordgeoscience.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Eby-et-al-2015.pdf
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,854500-1,00.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20080726072410/http://www.wsmr.army.mil/pao/TrinitySite/NewTrinititeTheory.htm
https://gizmodo.com/researchers-find-forbidden-quasicrystal-in-wake-of-nu-1846917496
https://web.archive.org/web/20210524001335/http://enformable.com/2014/07/authenticating-trinitite-nearly-70-years-later/
https://www.reddit.com/r/Radioactive_Rocks/comments/rktzq6/trinitite_gamma_spectroscopy_and_an_interesting/
https://gammaspectacular.com/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=825&srsltid=AfmBOopoM3wMpfiXCmlDaIltmE32Qo_SdtRvKv_gy0Bvj33s9O2Qg54I
https://www.orau.org/health-physics-museum/collection/nuclear-weapons/trinity/trinitite.html
https://thebulletin.org/2020/07/in-their-own-words-trinity-at-75/
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00295450.2021.1951538#d1e263
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2101350118 Trinitite: Dawn of the Atomic Age](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/qNmAwN83jIU/mqdefault.jpg)




