Bile Pathway, Gall Bladder & Pancreas

Uploaded November 2021 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago

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Content:
0:00 Introduction
0:48 Function of Bile
3:48 Bile Pathway
4:29 Gall Bladder
8:07 Bile Pathway
9:25 Pancreas

Function of Bile:
- Bile contains 97% water, under 1% bile salts, bilirubin fats
- Emulsification

Bile Pathway
- Bile is produced by liver
- Right Heptatic duct (ductus hepaticus dexter)
- Left Hepatic Duct (ductus hepaticus sinister)
- Common Hepatic Duct (ductus hepaticus communis)
- Gall Bladder (Vesica Biliaris)
- Cystic Duct (Ductus Cysticus)
- Bile Duct (Ductus Choledoctus) 7cm long
- Pancreatic Duct (ductus pancreaticus)
- Hepatopancreatic Ampulla (ampulla hepatopancreatica)
- Major Duodenal papilla (papilla duodeni major)
- Hepatopancreatic Sphincter (sphincter ampullae hepatopancreatica) aka Sphincter of Oddi

Gall Bladder:
- Fossa for the gall bladder (fossa vesicae biliaris)
- Fundus of Gallbladder (fundus vesicae bilaris)
- Body of Gallbladder (Corpus Vesicae Bilaris)
- Neck of gallbaldder (Collum vesicae bilaris)

Wall of Gall Bladder:
- Tunica Mucosa
○ Mucosal Folds of Gallbladder (Plicae Tunicae Mucosa Vesicae Biliaris)
○ Spiral Folds (Plica Spiralis)
○ Mucosal Glands (Glandulae mucosae)
- Tunica Muscularis
○ Circular Muscle Fibers (Stratum Circulare)
- Tunica Adventitia
- Tunica Serosa (Hepatoduodenal Ligament)

Pancreas:
- 14-18 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, 60-100 gram
- Function of the pancreas:
○ Exocrine Function Pancreatic Juice (Succus Pancreaticus) has digestive enzymes and bicarbonate
○ Endocrine Function: Release important hormones directly into the bloodstream, e.g., Insulin and glucagon
- Head of Pancreas (caput pancreatis)
- Body of Pancreas (corpus pancreatis)
- Tail of the Pancreas (cauda pancreatis)
- Topography of the Pancreas:
○ Skeletopy: L1-L2
○ Holotopy: Epigastric Region, Left hypochondriac region
- Main Pancreatic Duct (Ductus Pancreaticus)
- Accessory Pancreatic Duct (Ductus Pancreaticus Accessorius)
- Major Duodenal Papilla (Papilla Duodeni Major)
- Minor Duodenal Papilla (Papilla Duodeni Minor)

Sources used in this video:
- Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
- Biorender
- University notes and lectures

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