Uploaded January 2022 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago

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Content
0:00 Introduction
0:21 Division of the Hand Muscles
0:51 Thenar Muscles
2:50 Hypothenar Muscles
4:33 Middle Hand Muscles

Muscles of the hand
- Muscles of Thenar Eminence
- Muscles of Hypothenar Eminence
- Middle Hand Muscles
○ Interossei muscles
○ Lumbrical muscles

Thenar Muscles
- Abductor Pollicis Brevis
- Opponens Pollicis
- Flexor Pollicis Brevis
- Adductor Pollicis

Opponens Pollicis
musculus opponens pollicis
- O: Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
I: Base of 1st metacarpal bone
basis ossis metacarpalis I
- F: Opposition and flexion of thumb

Flexor Pollicis Brevis
musculus flexor pollicis brevis
O:
Flexor retinaculum
Deeper part: Trapezium, trapezoideum
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of the thumb
basis phalangis proximalis pollicis
- F: Opposition + Flexion of the thumb

Adductor Pollicis
musculus adductor pollicis
O:
Oblique head: Capitate + base of 2/3rd metacarpal
Transverse head: 3rd metacarpal
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of the thumb
basis phalangis proximalis pollicis
- F: Adduction of the thumb

Abductor Pollicis Brevis
musculus abductor pollicis brevis
O: Flexor retinaculum
I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
basis phalangis proximalis pollicis
F: Abduction of thumb

Hypothenar Muscles
Opponens digiti minimi
musculus opponens digiti minimi
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Hamatum
I: 5th metacarpal bone
Os metacarpale V
- F: Opposition of little finger

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
musculus flexor digiti minimi brevis
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Hamatum
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of Little Finger
basis phalangis proximalis digiti minimi
- F: Flexion of little finger


Abductor Digiti Minimi
musculus abductor digiti minimi
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Pisiform
I: Base of Proximal Phalanx of Little Finger
basis phalangis proximalis digiti minimi
- F: Abduction of little finger

Palmaris Brevis
musculus palmaris brevis
- O: Flexor retinaculum + Palmar Aponeurosis
- I: Skin of the palm on the ulnar side
- F:
Pulls the skin and produces
wrinkles on the hypothernal side

Middle Hand Muscles
Palmar Interossei
Musculi interossei palmares
- Three muscles located in the 2nd-4th interosseous
space between the metacarpals
- O:
2nd metacarpal – Medial side
4th metacarpal – Lateral side
5th metacarpal – Lateral side
- I: Proximal Phalanx of 2nd, 4th and 5th finger
F:
Adduction of fingers:
Pulls 2nd, 4th and 5th fingers to 3rd finger

Dorsal Interossei
Musculi interossei dorsales
- Four muscles located in the 1st-4th interosseous
space between the metacarpals
- O:
Between the metacarpal bones of 1st to 5th fingers
- I: Proximal Phalanx of 2nd-4th fingers
- F:
Abduction of fingers:
Pulls 2nd, 4th fingers away from 3rd finger

Lumbricals
Musculi lumbricales
- Four muscles corresponding to the 2nd-5th digits
O:
Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
- I: Proximal Phalanx of 2nd-5th fingers
F:
Flexion of proximal phalanges
Extension of middle and distal phalanges