Uploaded October 2024 | Updated September 2026, 3 hours ago
In this video, we look at reflex actions. First we look at why reflex actions are beneficial to an organism. We then explore the pathway of neurones in a reflex action. And finally, we look at the knee jerk reflex.
Image credits:
Grasp reflex
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Greifreflex.JPG
User:Mattes, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Reflex
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Imgnotra%C3%A7at_arc_reflex_eng.svg
MartaAguayo, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Knee reflex (used as template by S. Donnelly)
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Patellar_tendon_reflex_arc.png
Amiya Sarkar, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
In this video, we look at reflex actions. First we look at why reflex actions are beneficial to an organism. We then explore the pathway of neurones in a reflex action. And finally, we look at the knee jerk reflex.
Image credits:
Grasp reflex
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Greifreflex.JPG
User:Mattes, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Reflex
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Imgnotra%C3%A7at_arc_reflex_eng.svg
MartaAguayo, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Knee reflex (used as template by S. Donnelly)
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Patellar_tendon_reflex_arc.png
Amiya Sarkar, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons


![A Level Biology Revision (Year 13) The Human Brain
In this video, we look at the human brain. We explore the structure of the human brain and then the functions of the different parts. This includes the cerebrum (and cerebral cortex), the cerebellum, the medulla oblongata, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Image credits:
Peripheral and central nervous system
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nervous_system_diagram_unlabeled.svg
Medium69, Jmarchn, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
The brain
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diagram_showing_the_brain_stem_which_includes_the_medulla_oblongata,_the_pons_and_the_midbrain_(2)_CRUK_294.svg
Cancer Research UK, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
MRI of brain
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MRI_Brain_T2_Axial_(16).jpg
511KeV, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Hemispheres
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cerebral_hemisphere animation.gif
Polygon data were generated by Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS), CC BY-SA 2.1 JP https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en, via Wikimedia Commons
Lobes of the brain
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lobes_of_the_brain_NL.svg
Henry Vandyke Carter, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Auditory cortex
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Primary_auditory_cortex lateral_view.png
Polygon data were generated by Database Center for Life Science(DBCLS)[2]., CC BY-SA 2.1 JP https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en, via Wikimedia Commons
Visual cortex
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BA17_Primary_visual_cortex medial_view.png
Polygon data were generated by Database Center for Life Science(DBCLS)[2]., CC BY-SA 2.1 JP https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en, via Wikimedia Commons
Primary motor cortex
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ba4.png
Washington irving, CC BY-SA 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/, via Wikimedia Commons
Trace from patient with disorder of cerebellum
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas-fig67-p124.png
Figure 67of the book Cerebellar functions by André Thomas
uploaded by Looie496; original artist unknown A Level Biology Revision (Year 13) The Human Brain](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/WRw27NQzX-A/mqdefault.jpg)







![GCSE Biology Revision Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Find your 9s with PLUS. Click the link to try for free https://www.freesciencelessons.co.uk/modules/gcse-biology-1-triple/
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In this video, we look at the differences and similarities between eukaryotic cells such as animal and plant cells, and prokaryotic cells such as bacteria.
This video is based on the AQA spec. This video may be appropriate for iGCSE / O Level Biology. Please consult your specification. The Amazon link above is an affiliate link. This provides a small commission which helps to support freesciencelessons. The cost remains the same to you. If you prefer not to use this, you can search Amazon for the Freesciencelessons workbooks.
Image credits:
Helicobacter pylori By Yutaka Tsutsumi, M.D. Professor Department of Pathology Fujita Health University School of Medicine [Copyrighted free use], via Wikimedia Commons
Lymphocyte By No machine-readable author provided. NicolasGrandjean assumed (based on copyright claims). [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) or CC BY-SA 2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Onion cells By kaibara87 [CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Cheek cells
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cheekcells_stained.jpg
Mulletsrokk, CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons GCSE Biology Revision Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Yk3ooRgDVI4/mqdefault.jpg)