Uploaded July 2026 | Updated September 2026, 2 hours ago
As we swung into our saddles at the Ghost Ranch corrals and checked our stirrup lengths, the afternoon sun cast long, dramatic shadows against the towering yellow and red cliffs. Pierce turned back in his saddle, tipped his hat to the girls, and began to unspool the dark, fascinating history of the ground our horses were treading upon. Long before it was a sanctuary for artists, educators, and hikers, this isolated valley held a sinister reputation among the early Spanish settlers and local tribes, who knew it as Rancho de los Brujos—the Ranch of the Witches.
nmosg.com
As we swung into our saddles at the Ghost Ranch corrals and checked our stirrup lengths, the afternoon sun cast long, dramatic shadows against the towering yellow and red cliffs. Pierce turned back in his saddle, tipped his hat to the girls, and began to unspool the dark, fascinating history of the ground our horses were treading upon. Long before it was a sanctuary for artists, educators, and hikers, this isolated valley held a sinister reputation among the early Spanish settlers and local tribes, who knew it as Rancho de los Brujos—the Ranch of the Witches.
nmosg.com









![Pecos River at Villanueva, New Mexico June 2022
Much needed monsoon rains turn the Pecos into a mud flow at Villanueva, New Mexico.
Villanueva is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in San Miguel County, New Mexico, United States. Known as La Cuesta until 1890, it is located along the Pecos River and New Mexico State Road 3.
Villanueva, a Spanish colonial village, was founded in 1808 and originally called La Cuesta (Spanish, hill or slope) because the village sits on top of a steeply sloping hill or cuesta overlooking the Pecos River. La Cuesta was one of the communities located within the San Miguel del Vado Land Grant. The grant was approved by the Spanish government in 1794 and settlements established in the land grant area included Bernal, El Pueblo, Entrnosa, Guzano, La Cuesta, Las Mulas, Puertecito, San Jose del Vado, and San Miguel del Vado.
Prior to 1786, when a peace treaty was concluded with the Comanche, Spanish settlements in New Mexico were confined to the Rio Grande valley. The reduced threat from Comanche raids permitted the expansion eastwards of Spanish settlements onto the Great Plains. Villanueva was one of the settlements founded in the Pecos River Valley as part of that expansion. A principal reason for founding the Pecos Valley settlements was to defend the Spanish and Pueblan settlements in the Rio Grande valley from raids by Apache and other Indian peoples.
In 1890, the community was renamed to Villanueva, for a prominent local family.
The Pecos River (Spanish: Río Pecos) originates in north-central New Mexico near Santa Fe and flows into Texas, emptying into the Rio Grande. Its headwaters are on the eastern slope of the Sangre de Cristo mountain range in Mora County north of Pecos, NM, at an elevation of over 12,000 feet. The river flows for 926 miles before reaching the Rio Grande near Del Rio.
The name “Pecos” derives from the Keresan (Native American language) term for the Pecos Pueblo, [p’æyok’ona]. The river was also historically referred to as the Río Natagés for the Mescalero people.
The river played a large role in the exploration of Texas by the Spanish.
On June 6, 1990, 20.5 miles of the Pecos River from its headwaters to the townsite of Tererro received National Wild and Scenic River designation.
nmosg.com Pecos River at Villanueva, New Mexico June 2022](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/h2r-8D-ueTA/mqdefault.jpg)
