ENGLISH ASPIRATION: how to make aspirated and unaspirated sounds Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-10-20 | ENGLISH ASPIRATION: how to make aspirated and unaspirated sounds
Vocal Fry 2: REPETITIVE INTONATION on YouTube! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-09-30 | If you’re struggling, consider therapy with my paid partner. Click betterhelp.com/drgeoff for a discount on your first month of therapy. If you have questions about the brand relating to how the therapists are credentialled, their privacy policy, or therapist compensation, here is an overview written by the YouTube creators behind the channel Cinema Therapy that goes into these topics:reddit.com/r/cinema_therapy/comments/1dpriql/addressing_the_betterhelp_concerns_headon_deep--My first video on Vocal Fry shied away from the aspect of it that drives ME nuts too! Namely the repetitiveness with which it's used by many YouTubers. But maybe I should be careful about accusing OTHERS of repetitive speech patterns!0:00 Introduction & confession3:47 Vocal fry and intonation7:37 Misophonia8:53 Repetitive TV news intonation9:29 Intonation 10111:32 Dramatic pauses12:11 Prenuclear downshift14:34 Postnuclear downshift (vocal fry)15:10 Nuclear downshift: Thatcher & voiceover man16:51 The meaning of downshift18:45 My allergy to radio intonation20:22 Repetitive rises21:31 Repetitive fall-rises
Why for some its not easy for some to pronounce KAMALA! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-08-05 | Why Kamala Harris's pronunciation of her own name isn't so straightforward for Alastair Campbell and Rory Stewart of the podcast 'The Rest is Politics'
Do sperm whales have a phonetic alphabet? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-07-31 | Unlock deeper insights and sharpen your critical thinking with Ground News. Subscribe through my link https://ground.news/drgeofflindsey for 40% off unlimited access this month with the Vantage Plan.In this video I explore new research proposing a 'phonetic alphabet' for sperm whale vocalizations!Original article by Sharma et al: nature.com/articles/s41467-024-47221-8Philip Meyer youtube.com/@p__meyer0:00 Introduction0:40 Sperm whales3:20 Ground News4:26 Codas7:32 Tempo9:37 Rubato13:03 Ornamentation14:20 A sperm whale phonetic alphabet?15:01 Information and meaning15:52 Duality patterning in human language17:35 MusicMany thanks to Caine Delacy for permission to use clips cainedelacy.com instagram.com/cainedelacyCreative Commons BY-SA 3.0 License:Terra Azul video youtube.com/@azoreswhalewatchingDavid Trescot video youtube.com/@dtrescotDarewin video http://www.darewin.orgSperm whale anatomy by Kurzon commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sperm_whale_head_anatomy_(skull_cutaway).svgThumbnail whale photo by Amila Tennakoon flickr.com/photos/lakpuraBeethoven's 5th youtube.com/watch?v=9SIYYKj0IVIMendelssohn: Calm Sea and Prosperous Voyage, Op. 27MIT CSAIL https://www.csail.mit.edu/Project CETI projectceti.orghttp://www.thespermwhaleproject.orgThanks also to Joy Reidenberg, Moira Yip, and Tom Mustill
Hollywoods Fake Mid-Atlantic Myth DEBUNKED! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-06-30 | 80,000 Hours is a nonprofit offering free research-based help on careers that make a difference. Get their in-depth guide at 80000hours.org/drgeofflindsey.Want to know why actors in Golden Age Hollywood movies sound different from people today? A legend has grown up that it was all because an Australian and a Canadian invented a fake accent that studios forced their stars to use. Here I'll try to show why that's a load of you know what, and get closer to the fascinating reality.(Just to be clear: Wikipedia, which I support, is an invaluable resource on languages and linguistics, but this article cited a lot of sources by non-linguists.)0:00 Introduction3:21 Hollywood's beginnings4:20 William Tilly5:16 Problems with the 'fake' story5:48 Rhoticity6:58 Northeastern Elite7:55 On stage and in public speaking8:55 Edith Skinner9:33 Katharine Hepburn12:31 Intermission14:33 Aspirational Hollywood16:00 Cary Grant & Brits16:44 Various other accents20:16 Nasal nonsense21:03 Kenyon & Knott's dictionary22:18 Towards GenAm23:50 The monster accent24:17 MagnificenceJohn McWhorter and Jessica Drake interviewed: mobituaries.com/news/death-of-an-accentJohn McWhorter on American non-rhoticity: https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=19486Dudley Knight's article on Tilly & co: ktspeechwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Standard-Speech-The-Ongoing-Debate.pdfHepburn interviews: youtube.com/watch?v=rqFzFyWnnhs and youtube.com/watch?v=wfT_XWTldloDrone footage of oil fields courtesy of Alexander X youtube.com/watch?v=eaDDtimvUUQThank you to the Cinema Museum http://www.cinemamuseum.org.ukLos Angeles crew: Stewart Hoke and Steven Angelo
Why Do Experts Always Defend Language Mistakes Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-05-01 | Practice critical thinking and become a smarter news consumer by subscribing through my link https://ground.news/drgeofflindsey to get 40% off unlimited access with the Vantage Plan. So often linguists seem to be defending language errors simply because they're all 'woke'. In this video we look at prescriptivism and descriptivism, standards, language 'rules', arbitrariness and the way emotions can control our thinking about language. 0:00 Quiz and introduction 1:50 Broad perspective & Ground News 3:30 Ferdinand de Saussure & arbitrariness 4:51 Standardness 6:13 Prescriptive & descriptive 6:44 Unconscious complexity 8:50 The value of standards 9:40 Language is rule-governed 11:10 Precedents 12:11 Covert and driving 13:16 Mistaken reanalysis 14:20 Emotion 16:17 Evidence against them 18:04 The power of association 22:56 LingerieFerdinand de Saussure commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ferdinand_de_Saussure_by_Jullien_Restored.png Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.Butterfly effect pendulums by Wrzlprmften.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Double_pendulum_simultaneous_realisations.ogvCreative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.
The most important CONSONANT in English Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-04-15 | Secure your privacy with Surfshark! Enter coupon code DRGEOFF for an extra 3 months free at https://surfshark.deals/drgeoffSecrets of what I consider the most important consonant in English, the various ways it's made, and how it differs from other language. 0:00 Introduction1:40 Important meanings3:05 Important endings4:32 Loudness differences5:00 Surfshark6:12 UCL's anechoic chamber7:24 Spectrograms9:16 Awkward combinations9:48 months11:12 Assimilation: howzat11:52 TH-fronting13:07 English and Spanish14:05 English and Japanese15:57 Articulation: reality check18:39 The alternative: lips!Thanks to:Gordon Mills of Psychology & Language Sciences, UCLHernán Ruiz for help with SpanishProf. Masaki Taniguchi for help with JapaneseAnimation of vocal tract by Speech Graphics youtube.com/watch?v=wYwk07QM4rcBritish National Corpus http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk
The Year That Killed Received Pronunciation (RP) Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-03-29 | Sign up for a 14-day free trial and enjoy all the amazing features MyHeritage has to offer bit.ly/DrGeoffLindseyMHPractically the moment the familiar vowel symbols for British English were published, they plummeted drastically out of fashion. This video explains how and why.0:00 Introduction1:04 MyHeritage2:45 A. C. Gimson's book5:33 The 1960's10:30 Advanced RP14:02 Beautiful working class?16:18 Satirizing RP17:35 Stigmatization of poshness18:08 Relaxing the front vowels20:00 What *didn't* change21:46 The fate of the term 'RP'Piper pipebandsnc.com/pipe-band-listing/clan-lindsay-pipe-bandQueenslander Soldier Portraits youtu.be/P6InFfjGArs?si=UcqVUE2ZDpxI_bfiPillenwekker flickr.com/photos/nationaalarchief/3333356893That Was The Week That Was youtu.be/4e4R2038tfU?si=islNxRByZq0vrif4Interview with John Profumo youtu.be/rx-GndZHtd0?si=EzeqlmPok01BXwuFHarold Wilson and Beatles youtu.be/Yd7XzwNS86A?si=IieEO5BW0G2JBuG-
What if English actually SOUNDED like this?? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-03-08 | Ever wondered why the vowel symbols most widely used for 'British English' don't sound the way they do in the International Phonetic Alphabet? It's because they were chosen long ago to describe an upper class accent that's now considered, well, a bit ridiculous. Anyone who wants to cling to these symbols today is totally disregarding the reasons they were chosen!Thank you to all my patrons for supporting the channel: patreon.com/drgeofflindseyCoal truck © Copyright Jaggery geograph.org.uk/photo/4456373
English actors get this WRONG when they do American accents Dr Geoff Lindsey 2024-01-20 | This video has been kindly sponsored by the browser Opera. You can download Opera for FREE from my link: https://opr.as/Opera-browser-Dr-Geoff-LindseyPeople talk about 'intrusive r', but what does 'intrusive' actually mean? The video includes practical advice for actors from England, Wales, Australia and New Zealand!0:00 Introduction & rhoticity1:37 Examples of unwritten r from around the world4:31 Baffling people & the YouTube captioner5:22 The Opera browser6:52 Why I hate the term 'intrusive r'9:14 Why non-rhotic speakers can't spell9:57 Linking R in detail11:46 Genuinely intrusive R #112:04 Intrusive R in foreign languages13:43 Intrusive R by performers doing accents15:37 The 3 danger vowels for actors17:50 Genuinely intrusive R #218:46 The mistaken rule & hypercorrection20:46 How non-rhotic speakers interpret letter 'r'22:34 Even great actors get it wrong... Check out these teachers and coaches:Mr Spelling youtube.com/@MrSpelling1/videos Jade Joddle - Speak Well jadejoddle.com Joel Goldes the dialect coach thedialectcoach.com Accent Help accenthelp.com My blog with lots of 'intrusive r' audio clips: englishspeechservices.com/blog/linking-r
An American T-dropping conspiracy?! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-12-20 | Stay informed on breaking news and become a smarter news consumer by subscribing through my link https://ground.news/drgeofflindsey to take advantage of their Holiday Sale. Get 40% off the Vantage Plan for unlimited access to important features such as the Blindspot Feed. Sale ends December 31st.T-glottaling (aka 'T dropping') has been spreading in American speech via a conspiracy of two different strategies. 0:00 Introduction1:02 T flapping (tapping)2:09 T glottaling6:03 Conspiracy in linguistics7:15 Ground News8:55 Unpacking syllabic N12:41 Hard attack17:39 Summing up18:35 Explaining the conspiracy20:43 Covert prestige22:32 Help!23:09 My wrong predictionAdele by Kristopher Harris Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Adele_%27Adele_Live_2016%27_-_Nashville_DSC04814_(30411416545).jpg
Out of date dictionaries–with native speakers from UK/USA/Australia! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-11-20 | Learn 150+ languages with quality native-speaking teachers on italki. Buy $10 get $5 for free for your first lesson using my code GEOFF5Web: go.italki.com/drgeofflindseyApp: https://italki.app.link/drgeofflindseyAdrian italki.com/en/teacher/4227375 youtube.com/@accentamazing instagram.com/accentamazingAlex italki.com/en/teacher/5550947 instagram.com/speech.improvement.with.alexNicky italki.com/en/teacher/5484077Tom italki.com/en/teacher/5091369 youtube.com/@inglesrapidoconunaussie7941 0:00 Introduction3:07 italki6:25 'ate'6:52 'interest'7:22 'homage'7:48 'garage'8:40 'koala'9:59 'harass'10:43 'processes'11:46 'aeon'12:33 'cure'13:11 'mature'14:03 'air'15:04 'divisive'15:43 'debris'16:22 'version'16:43 'to contrast'17:12 'mischief'17:49 'mischiev(i)ous'19:37 'drawing'20:29 'gotten'22:06 'trip'22:22 'drip'23:47 'tr' and 'dr' in CUBE24:01 traditional teaching materials
Mastering English vowels /ɪ/ and /iː/ with Google Translate! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-10-27 | People are amazed when I use Google Translate to explain the difference between the English vowels shown in dictionaries as /ɪ/ and /iː/ (aka 'short i and long e', or the KIT vowel and the FLEECE vowel). With a little help from French!0:00 Intro: KIT and FLEECE1:34 Standard phonetic symbols3:35 Symbols don't always help4:15 FLEECE ɪj and French ille5:21 Google Translate6:05 KIT ɪ and French é7:22 Google Translate9:02 Examples from real speech10:26 Finding equivalences in other languagesMy previous videos on transcribing FLEECE as /ɪj/ include:youtube.com/watch?v=gtnlGH055TAyoutube.com/watch?v=tPi2jtU7Tl4MRI videos from Glasgow University:seeingspeech.ac.uk/ipa-charts/?chart=4If you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/register
LENGTH and LINKING in British, American and Australian accents! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-10-15 | Hear the fascinating rhythms that distinguish American, British and Australian accents – rhythms that are misrepresented by the major dictionaries, and that can trip up American actors when they aim at a 'British' accent! Also, learn why do English and Australian speakers say 'law/r/and order' with linking R, and why so-called linking Y and linking W just don't exist. Special guest star Matt Parker youtube.com/@standupmathsIf you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/register
My favourite vowel: Oh NAUR explained! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-09-01 | A story about koalas, mermaids and goats.0:00 Introduction and quiz0:44 Analysing 'going'3:30 The GenAus GOAT vowel6:05 New developments11:51 Comparison with 'intrusive' r12:57 Interaction with hard attack 14:27 Explanation in 3Dyoutube.com/user/muchellebyoutube.com/user/aussieenglishyoutube.com/channel/UC13M4ASYG2k6kNjA5zyR1QQyoutube.com/c/ElliotRobertsVideostiktok.com/@maddy_macrae_University of Glasgow Seeing Speech seeingspeech.arts.gla.ac.uk/ipa-chartsPraat speech analysis app https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/If you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/register
Phonetic adventures in Prague Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-08-18 | It's rare for a language to have a 'fricative trill' sound in addition to its regular /r/, but Czech is one such language. Hear it on my trip to the once-every-4-years Phonetics Congress in stunning Prague. 20th International Congress of Phonetics Sciences, 7-11 Aug 2023 was hosted by the Institute of Phonetics, Charles University, Prague (Radek Skarntizl, Congress Chair)Presentations mentioned:'Timing of laughter in conversation: better late than never?'Tamara Rathcke (University of Konstanz), Eleni Kapogianni and Lucy Page'Some measures of phonetic similarity for use in legal trade mark disputes'Sandra Ferrari Disner (USC) and Vincent J. van Heuven'Game of phones: a socio-phonetic analysis of stylised media performance of Yorkshire English'Lucy Jackson (University of Glasgow)'Dentofacial Disharmony: patients' sibilants differ from controls' more in source than filter properties' Madeleine Oakley (North Carolina State University), Auvi Tran, Ciana Paye, Emma Trudan, Timothy Turve 'Glottalization of voiceless stops in Multicultural London English' Chong Adam (Queen Mary University of London) and Garellek Marc 'The devil is in the detail: An interactional-phonetic study of G-word interjections and some methodological implications ' Marina Cantarutti (University of York)'Beyond accent, attitudes, and native speakers: What might socially responsible second language speech research look like?' Pavel Trofimovich (Concordia University)'What can speakers tell us about speech?' Jane Stuart-Smith (University of Glasgow)If you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/register
Vocal Fry: what it is, who does it, and why people hate it! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-07-16 | Go to piavpn.com/drgeofflindsey to get 83% off Private Internet Access with 4 months free! #PrivateInternetAccess #vpn #PIA #bestvpnAn exploration of vocal fry: what it is, who does it, what it means–and why some people hate it!0:00 Introduction: what is vocal fry?2:17 Is vocal fry used at the end of sentences?6:30 Teens and rich people who don't give a ****?8:40 Vocal fry and glottal stops10:56 Vocal fry from males11:20 Vocal fry in other English accents12:25 Vocal fry in RP15:40 Vocal fry in other languages17:02 Is vocal fry a pathology?17:43 Vocal fry in singing18:03 Are women better at vocal fry?20:22 Vocal fry vs. breathy voice22:27 What does vocal fry symbolize?24:40 Vocal fry and Uptalk25:23 Annoying creaks26:08 Creaking and horrorStuff Mom Never Told You youtube.com/watch?v=w7BBNEwyOjwBoston U: What Nasal Endoscopy Can Tell Us About Voice Health youtube.com/watch?v=wcZcMgzHpQI&t=3sMayo Clinic Minute: What happens when you vocal fry youtube.com/watch?v=FwUEu3McHg8Praat speech analysis app https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/Science Friday sciencefriday.com/segments/the-why-of-vocal-fryBBC news 1939 youtube.com/watch?v=NqN_KbZSCKkC. S. Lewis youtube.com/watch?v=m3jYLGcDUFEIdentifying Vocal Fry Using Deep Neural Networks researchgate.net/publication/359646703_DeepFry_Identifying_Vocal_Fry_Using_Deep_Neural_NetworksVocal fry and perceived fluency researchgate.net/publication/360487285_Creaky_voice_and_utterance_fluency_measures_in_predicting_perceived_fluency_and_oral_proficiency_of_spontaneous_L2_FinnishChao, M., & Bursten, J. (2021). Girl Talk: Understanding Negative Reactions to Female Vocal Fry. Hypatia, 36(1), 42-59. doi:10.1017/hyp.2020.55C. S. Lewis plaque by Albert Bridge Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:C_S_Lewis_plaque,_Belfast_-_geograph.org.uk_-_449812.jpg
What is the most VILLAINOUS accent? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-06-17 | Sponsored by Blinkist. Use my special link to start your free 7 day trial with Blinkist and get 25% off Blinkist Annual Premium: blinkist.com/drgeofflindseyIs it true that Hollywood likes its villains to be Brits or have British accents? And if so, why?0:00 Introduction, Guardians of the Galaxy1:04 British-accented villains2:24 Colonial history4:42 Brit-friendly Hollywood5:07 Non-villainous accents6:02 Received Pronunciation9:56 Positive associations11:04 Brits without a British accent12:14 Brits as foreigners12:59 My wrong predictionPalpatine by William Tung, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Empeor_Palpatine._Star_Wars.jpg
CAN and CANT: the importance of Weak Forms Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-05-27 | Weak Forms play an ingenious role in many important contrasts of meaning, including can vs. can't0:00 Introduction1:33 Homographs: that & that3:23 have & have4:53 there & there6:00 two & to, four & for7:52 strong forms: citation forms etc. 9:30 off & on10:52 strong negative, weak positive13:34 can & can'tTHANKS to those who feel able to support my channel: patreon.com/DrGeoffLindseyIf you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/registerThumbnail images from Wikimedia Commons:Sean Penn by Azin Zanjani, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licenseWillem Dafoe by Siebbi, Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported licenseTom Scott by Tom Morris, Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license
The Vowel Space Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-04-22 | To try everything Brilliant has to offer—free—for a full 30 days, visit http://brilliant.org/DrGeoffLindsey/. The first 200 of you will get 20% off Brilliant’s annual premium subscription.0:00 Vowels are not discrete1:50 Vowels and colour3:40 Resonating cavities and formants5:40 Synthesizing vowels with Praat Vowel Editor6:33 Vowels and basic colour terms8:24 Early phoneticians and the tongue space9:36 The tongue quadrilateral and MRI9:54 Daniel Jones & Cardinal Vowels11:00 The real vowel space explains14:07 Inconsistent vowel demos15:07 Consistent vowels with technology17:05 A 3D vowel spaceFor more detail, see my published article: Lindsey, G. (2017) 'Charting the vowel space', in G. Lindsey & A. Nevins (eds.) Sonic Signatures, John Benjamins, pp 134-144 jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027264855-lfab.14.c8or see my blog article, which contains both clickable charts englishspeechservices.com/blog/the-vowel-spaceStandalone clickable IPA chart: englishspeechservices.com/ipa-vowelsPraat: https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/MRI vowel demos: seeingspeech.ac.uk/ipa-charts/?chart=4Peter' Ladefoged's Vowels and Consonants: http://www.vowelsandconsonants3e.comMRI clip by MART Production: pexels.com/video/a-sonographer-supervising-a-patient-mri-test-7088474Articulography clip, University of Tartu Phonetics Lab: youtube.com/watch?v=gMyN4H7OJucPharyngometer clip: youtube.com/watch?v=IzSGhLDJ-MsCardinal Vowel charts: phon.ucl.ac.uk/courses/plin/p205/Cardinal%20vowels.pdfThis video was sponsored by Brilliant.
Hard Attack: How English is getting more choppy Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-04-07 | Younger speakers are increasingly separating words by means of glottal stops!0:00 Introduction0:30 Laryngoscopy1:02 Glottis and Glottal Stop2:18 Hard Attack3:28 German Glottisschlag4:59 Smooth Old RP6:16 Contemporary Hard Attack8:16 'the' and 'to'9:35 Presentational Speech & Elocution10:50 Linking & Advice for LearnersThank you to all my patrons: patreon.com/drgeofflindseyMRI video from SPAN, USC: https://sail.usc.edu/span/gallery.htmlDr. Sunil Verma laryngoscopy youtube.com/watch?v=OQ8OdfOJBZoDr. İsmail Koçak Comparing stroboscopy and high speed imaging youtu.be/Us4xljB-TxEBeth Janicek larngoscopy youtube.com/watch?v=iYpDwhpILkQAuf Deutsch! Knacklaut youtu.be/2OfJYyEd1QMBritish Pathé National Day of Prayer 1942 youtube.com/watch?v=NIU6tSyzvjgDonate: curesarcoma.org/technoblade-tributeIf you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/register
British grammar has GOTTEN more American Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-03-19 | Get 25% off Blinkist premium and enjoy 2 memberships for the price of 1! Start your 7-day free trial by clicking here: blinkist.com/drgeofflindsey An exploration of two ways in which British grammar has become more like American English in the age of the internet and social media. Thank you so much for supporting me on Patreon: patreon.com/drgeofflindsey The second edition of my short book SMART Speech is now available in paperback and ebook formats: amazon.co.uk/SMART-Speech-practice-techniques-pronunciation/dp/1739337409 The hyper-concordance of the Victorian Literary Studies Archive: http://victorian-studies.net/concordance Star Trek speed reading: youtube.com/watch?v=yveE_ctsJ7s
Thank you and upcoming Patreon Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-02-19 | My Patreon is now live: patreon.com/drgeofflindsey Sincere thanks if you're able to support me. A thank you to everyone for helping the channel to surpass 100k subscribers, and an announcement of my soon-to-launch Patreon. My first patrons will get a free copy of the 2nd edition of my little eBook SMART Speech when it appears in the next week or two – sign up by midnight GMT on Sat 25 Feb (availability of free eBook may depend on your territory).
My favourite British accent by an American actor Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-02-05 | ...and it was in a film with no British characters! PLUS extra mystery accent!If you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/registerPicture creditsDominic West by Peabody Awardscommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dominic_West,_May_2004_(6)_(cropped).jpgIdris Elba by DFID - UK Department for International Developmentupload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Actor_Idris_Elba_at_the_%27Defeating_Ebola_in_Sierrra_Leone%27_conference_%2815418119105%29.jpgHugh Laurie commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:House_logo_new.jpgDamian Lewis by Sean Reynoldscommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Damian_Lewis_and_Helen_McCrory_(8464894420).jpgChristian Bale by Harald Krichelcommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christian_Bale-7838.jpgRobert Pattinson by Maximilian Bühncommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Pattinson_Premiere_of_The_Lost_City_of_Z_at_Zoo_Palast_Berlinale_2017_02.jpgAndrew Garfield by Sony Picturesen.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Andrew_Garfield_Spider-Man.jpgTom Holland by Gage Skidmorecommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tom_Holland_Spider-Man_statue_(51984714091).jpgMille Bobby Brown by Gage Skidmorecommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Millie_Bobby_Brown_(41915336280)_(cropped).jpgCharlie Heaton by Greg2600commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CharlieHeaton2017_(cropped).jpgJoseph Quinn by France RC - Roster Concommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joseph_Quinn_en_2022.jpgDaniel Kaluuya by Universal PicturesBenoit Blanc by Netflix
How the media treat speech: the case of Prince Harry Dr Geoff Lindsey 2023-01-20 | In this video, we're going to explore how the media treat speech and language. To do this, we'll look at the media portrayal of Prince Harry, and check some of the wilder claims about his accent and language. 0:00 Introduction0:34 The media: who needs experts?1:14 The media: people will believe anything1:34 The Queen sounded Cockney?2:41 Harry's British accent5:28 The media's value judgements8:50 The media's "explanations"9:10 Harry ends sentences with "right?"If you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/register
Can you hear these words hidden in theme tunes? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-12-24 | The first 1,000 people to use the link will get a 1 month free trial of Skillshare: https://skl.sh/drgeofflindsey12221 How word stresses line up with musical stress, allowing composers to hide words in their tunes! 0:00 Introduction0:37 Music rhythm & word rhythm3:34 Music & words have to line up4:50 Theme songs9:34 Theme songs in comedy10:53 John Williams, Jerry Goldsmith, Dr Who12:46 Titles sequences that fit the music14:00 The longest hidden titles?15:58 My guesses!The composers who appear in the video are DENIS KING (Black Beauty) and BILL CONTI (Dynasty), also the son of EDWIN ASTLEY (Danger Man). Thumbnail USS Enterprise, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VulcanAlbertaEnterpriseReplica.jpgThumbnail Tardis, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Generic license.Taken from commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:TARDIS-trans.png
Why do people say AKS instead of ASK? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-12-06 | EXPLANATION OF ENDING: ‘Asked’ is so often pronounced exactly like ‘assed’/‘arsed’ that the YouTube automatic captioner can't tell them apart: it sometimes writes ‘asked’ when the speaker intended ‘assed’ or ‘arsed’! I could have made this clearer 🤷🏼♂️---An exploration of the form 'aks' in various dialects, through history in and across the world.0:00 Introduction0:44 'Aks' in Old English1:30 'Aks' in Middle English1:57 'Aks' in the Bible2:44 'Aks' in the Shetland Islands3:44 'Aks' in Jamaica & MLE5:28 'Aks' in the USA & AAVE6:10 Stereotyping & prejudice7:50 'Ask' pronounced as 'ass' & 'arse'!More on Shaetlan:iheardee.comfacebook.com/iheardeeBeowulf from this excellent article:http://staefcraeft.blogspot.com/2009/10/beowulf-axes-questions.htmlThe Knight's Tale in Middle English by Ancient Literature Dudeyoutube.com/watch?v=Xn4RDpNyBsEThe Miller's Tale in Middle English by the Philological Bellyoutube.com/watch?v=RKXbseB2Xi0Up-Helly-Aa photos by Mike Pennington Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license.upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/The_Jarl%27s_squad_in_the_procession_at_Uyeasound_Up_Helly_Aa_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3848195.jpgJamaican New Testamentsoundcloud.com/biblesociety/b01-07-matthew-n2jambsw?in=biblesociety/sets/jamaican-audio-new-testamentStormzy photo by Raph_PHThis file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.Scots language map by SkateTierCreative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scots_speakers_in_the_2011_census.pngPeter Serafinowicz sketchyoutube.com/watch?v=ysshlzqDvvUGod's Outlaw: the Story of William Tyndaleyoutube.com/watch?v=RKXbseB2Xi0
Why did people mishear Kens Oh Barbie?! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-11-30 | A phonetic explanation of how Ken seems to be dropping the F-bomb. Note: this is an update including the original low-quality audio from TikTok.0:00 Intro0:26 'B' and 'F' are pretty similar2:18 'CK' or sound effect??
Who pronounces foreign words like PASTA right? 🇺🇸 or 🇬🇧? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-11-22 | A discussion of the different ways American and British English pronounce loanwords from other languages. Thanks to @Teverell for Vigo, Kent, another Spanish placename in the UK. Various commenters pointed out Gibraltar. In my haste I grabbed a logo with Ukrainian Гаррі, not Russian Гарри. Ой. Yes, I did measure Australian 'pasta' too, with its fronter 'father' vowel, but I ran out time to include the data in this video. More at AusE in future!Vietnamese from forvo.comMahler bust, photo by Johann Jaritz, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Klagenfurt_Innere_Stadt_Norbert-Artner-Park_Gustav-Mahler-B%C3%BCste_06092020_7857.jpgSpanish America map by Nagihuin, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International licensecommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SpanishEmpire1790.svgEvery time Spock said ‘fascinating’youtube.com/watch?v=cFods1KSWsQ
Why some say CHUBE and some say TOOB Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-11-08 | An explanation of 'Yod Coalescence' and 'Yod Dropping'!Fly telepodsketchfab.com/3d-models/telepod-b26ce26969a54f2681d2fd26eec26a0eRod Stewart Costumeescapade.co.uk/products/rod-stewart-costume-80s-icon-m
Why Some People Say SHTRONG (the CHRUTH) Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-10-25 | All good wishes to Hank Green at this time xxxNative speakers! Please take my pronunciation survey englishspeechservices.com/how-do-you-pronounce-tr-dr-str THANK YOU!A discussion of why English speakers in various countries pronounce 'sh' at the start of words like 'street' and 'strong'.MRI videos from University of Glasgow:seeingspeech.arts.gla.ac.uk/ipa-charts/?chart=1&datatype=2&speaker=1Josh at English Hacks on 'tr' and 'dr':youtube.com/watch?v=C0euGksWMBwKeenyn Rhodes on 'storm chroopr':youtube.com/watch?v=AGKNtHXi5PoPicture credit:Hank Green (thumbnail) Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported licensecommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hank_and_John_Green_(Vlogbrothers)_2017.jpg
Revealing how THE PINK PANTHER teaches English rhythm! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-10-11 | The Pink Panther can help explain English Weak Forms, and Shakespeare's rhythm! Panther theme cover by Squid Physicsyoutube.com/watch?v=CuA5zPQChMwPanther animation by Green Screen PH-DXByoutube.com/watch?v=AKyjiYsbqm0thumbnail Patrick Stewart, photo by Gage Skidmore, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license.commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Patrick_Stewart_(48445250077).jpgthumbnail Ian McKellen, photo by Gage Skidmore, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license.commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SDCC13_-_Ian_McKellen.jpgthumbnail Pantherpixabay.com/illustrations/pink-panther-pink-panther-cartoon-2556604dictionarypixabay.com/videos/dictionary-wind-pages-words-book-21941pagepexels.com/video/person-placing-blank-paper-on-table-6787189flashing lightspixabay.com/videos/flash-abstract-flashing-lights-4897
Why William and Harrys accents are so different from King Charless Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-09-27 | A comparison of the accents of King Charles, Prince William and Prince Harry.00:00 Introduction00:15 RP and SSB01:00 the PRICE vowel01:34 the DRESS vowel01:49 the FACE vowel01:58 the CHOICE vowel02:27 the SQUARE vowel02:48 the happY vowel03:06 dark L and L vocalization03:59 t glottaling04:48 t voicing05:27 t affrication06:29 'mumbling'08:18 Uptalk08:34 TH fronting09:00 ejective k'If you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/registerPicture credits:William in thumbnail, public domain, photo by Paul Townley:flickr.com/photos/136359789@N02/36579121434William, Navy, Open Government Licence v3.0commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Sumbarines_Crop.pngYoung Charles:https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic licensedoormat available from:zazzle.co.uk/dorrmat_liverpool_doormat-256327248002519903
The Kings Speech: Charles IIIs accent Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-09-13 | A discussion of the King's RP accent and how this upper class British accent differs from modern SSB (Standard Southern British). 0:00 RP (Received Pronunciation) and SSB (Standard Southern British)0:49 The King's vowels2:45 The King's consonants4:09 Weakening and 'mumbling'5:15 Emphasising and gesturingIf you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/registerPicture credits:Thumbnail Charles:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Charles_Ireland-4.jpgCreative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic licenseEmpire flag:Auckland War Memorial Museumcommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag,_souvenir_%28AM_1999.163.6-4%29.jpgCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 InternationaBeatles black and white:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Fabs.JPGLibrary of Congress note: No copyright foundBeatles colour:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Beatles_-_All_You_Need_Is_Love_%26_Baby,_You%27re_a_Rich_Man,_1967_(cropped).pngPublic domainYoung Charles:commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elizabeth,_Philip,_Charles_and_Anne.jpgCreative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license
Why is King Charless era called the CAROLEAN age? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-09-09 | I also have a video analysing King Charles's RP accent: youtube.com/watch?v=OT16yUEh7-0---This video looks at the origin of the term 'Carolean', meaning 'pertaining to Charles', and the alternative term 'Caroline'. Brandenburg Concerto No4-1 BWV1049 - Classical Whimsical by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100303Artist: http://incompetech.com
Schwa /ə/ and STRUT /ʌ/ vowels in EVERY English accent (almost) Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-08-23 | How schwa /ə/ (aka commA) and /ʌ/ (aka STRUT) occur throughout the entire English-speaking world, using John Wells's famous "Accents of English" as our guide.Accents of English by J. C. Wells, Cambridge 1982cambridge.org/core/books/accents-of-english/1E9E89C38DFD0AB53B47EF96D8442594English Accents & Dialects by Hughes, Trudgill & Watt, Routledge 2012routledge.com/English-Accents-and-Dialects-An-Introduction-to-Social-and-Regional-Varieties/Hughes-Trudgill-Watt/p/book/9781444121384
Schwa is never stressed – FALSE Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-07-25 | The reason why so many Americans are confused by the symbols ʌ and ə is they are just ONE vowel phoneme in General American accents.(Note: many Americans feel they have their unstressed /ɪ/ rather than /ə/ in some of the words shown from dictionaries in the video. But that still doesn't mean a distinct /ʌ/.)Resources using a single /ə/ phoneme and no /ʌ/:merriam-webster.comamazon.com/Merriam-Websters-Collegiate-Dictionary-Merriam-Webster/dp/0877798095lexico.com/enamazon.com/Oxford-Dictionary-Pronunciation-Current-English/dp/0198631561amazon.com/Routledge-Dictionary-Pronunciation-Current-English-ebook/dp/B06Y68Q854amazon.com/American-English-Phonetics-Pronunciation-Practice/dp/1138588539amazon.com/American-English-Phonetic-Transcription-Carley/dp/0367441713I'll Be Back from Hamiltonyoutube.com/watch?v=hLrSFd9OVh8&t=379sRequest a reasonably priced paperback edition of the Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation from the publisher, Taylor & Francis: amy.laurens at tandf.co.uk
Do New Zealand and Northern England have the same vowels?! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-06-30 | Although English Northerners and Kiwis sound very different, their short vowel systems are remarkably similar...
BTS reaction: who pronounces English lyrics the best? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-06-06 | I've been asked to comment on the pronunciation of English lyrics by the world famous Korean boy band. 방탄소년단의 영어 가사 발음에 대해 댓글을 달아달라는 요청을 받았습니다.Ed Sheeran photo by Harald Krichelcommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ed_Sheeran-6886.jpgV, Korean audio clip by glamstar77forvo.com/word/vAll rights belong to Bighit Entertainment.NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED.Suggested by HYBE Co., Ltd.
A century of intrusive R in English Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-05-26 | As these clips show, so-called intrusive R has been a feature of standard speech in England (and presumably Wales, Australia and New Zealand) for at least a century. The term refers to a linking /r/ sound between the vowels of THOUGHT, PALM and commA and a following vowel, IF there's no corresponding 'r' in the spelling.00:00 Intro01:57 2020s02:18 2010s02:38 2000s03:02 1990s03:23 1980s03:43 1970s04:07 1960s04:28 1950s04:50 1940s05:17 1930s05:43 1920sRussian oil imports youtu.be/5PxU7cIWDKEVaccines Royal Institution youtu.be/3rM7wPtMqYsBrexit statement youtu.be/TMESz5b15G4David Bowie youtu.be/kszLwBaC4SwNokia Gadget Show youtu.be/1kjk5GLgDdIDiana youtu.be/5yGkABNGlH8Vanilla Ice youtu.be/roI1NVWQqtIJohn Hurt Ford ad youtu.be/Lw3xXDIOmt0Hamlet 1980 amazon.com/BBC-Shakespeare-Hamlet-Derek-Jacobi/dp/B000KBA9DCGrease Film 78 youtu.be/BjWvs4FsBfAHermione Gingold Liaisons youtu.be/YE52zPJsCLcBootleg Beatles youtu.be/0eoSmdd_0e8Ribena ad 1962 youtu.be/hJn7Ztr-k6YShah of Persia British Pathé youtu.be/jtvl7iD57VwQuatermass 2 BBC youtube.com/watch?v=O8iQ8YGN-GwThe Paradine Case youtu.be/SRb2WsY3mx8Supply route to China British Pathé youtu.be/JB2vBQhAukgJamaica Inn youtu.be/vU2GV-PBCI8Lawrence funeral British Pathé youtu.be/nFUQV6j3FoESir Alan Cobham youtu.be/Sahja5USVT4If you want to speak British English clearly and confidently, I recommend this course from accent coach Luke Nicholson:info: improveyouraccent.co.uk/english-pronunciation-coursesign up: course.improveyouraccent.co.uk/register
A conversation with Simon Roper Part 2 Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-05-07 | This is the second half of my chat with linguist and YouTuber Simon Roper. Part 1 is on Simon's channel:youtu.be/5OULnCCvdk8The starting point of our conversation was my book 'English After RP'amazon.co.uk/English-After-RP-Standard-Pronunciation/dp/3030043568
Why so many IPA phonetic symbols are UPSIDE DOWN Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-04-25 | A short explanation looking back at the founding of the IPA in the 19th centuryHow a Printing Press Works: Dr. James Poskett, University of Warwickyoutube.com/watch?v=amAJhRUbELc&t=32sMovable type by Daniel Ullrichen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movable_type#/media/File:Long_S-I_Garamond_sort_001.pngMusic by Brian Bolgeryoutube.com/watch?v=KVVv8sg7L_4archive.org/details/PrintingThroughTheAgespexels.com/photo/close-up-of-cat-248280
Speech is really SBEECH! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2022-03-30 | Aspiration is important because UNaspirated /p t k/ can easily sound to English speakers like /b d g/. But there are some contexts in which English DISALLOWS aspiration!How to DO aspiration:youtube.com/watch?v=6PSdlctYBswyoutube.com/watch?v=xe6MIo816joI'm no longer taking results from these quizzes, but you can do them for fun here:englishspeechservices.com/discussed-or-disgust-ukenglishspeechservices.com/discussed-or-disgust-usaSblended milkshakes:sblendedshakes.comaudio clips forvo.comsoftware audacityteam.orgvideo clips pixabay.commusic http://aaron-kenny.com
Why these English phonetic symbols are all WRONG Dr Geoff Lindsey 2021-10-22 | An explanation of the REAL, EVIDENCE BASED categories of English vowels, and why familiar symbols for Standard Southern British English are misleading. John Wells:phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/wells/p201-3-lecture-new.pdfThe /ɪː/ vowel by YouTubers:youtube.com/watch?v=hNTgpeaEFk4&t=99syoutu.be/H1OwQAGcEZo?t=157CUBE dictionary:youtu.be/_Tcrv8lgLbkhttp://cube.elte.huhttp://www.cubedictionary.orgWomen Know Your Limits sketchyoutu.be/aT6cB6vMWYUEnglish Phonetics & Pronunciation Practice by Carley, Mees & Collinsroutledge.com/English-Phonetics-and-Pronunciation-Practice/Carley-Mees-Collins/p/book/9781138886346English After RPenglishspeechservices.com/english-after-rp
Weak Forms in Pride & Prejudice Dr Geoff Lindsey 2021-03-18 | Even in a classic BBC period drama, spoken English is FULL of Weak Forms! They include: to, and, of, for, from, but, am, are, were, could, a, the. See my video on Weak Forms: youtube.com/watch?v=EaXYas58_kcThe unedited scene is here:youtube.com/watch?v=JF3ueHjUc3k&t=3m14snetflix.com/title/70234687amazon.com/Pride-Prejudice-Blu-ray-Region-Free/dp/B001E454NY
ENGLISH CONTRACTIONS Dr Geoff Lindsey 2020-08-02 | English contractions: what THEY ARE and when THEY'RE used, including their history, their pronunciation and their usage in speech and writing. Lots of examples from well-known speakers (real and fictional), plus an interview with Lane Greene of the Economist magazine.Picture credits:Helen Mirren thumbnail, picture by Dick Thomas Johnson, Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helen_Mirren_%22Woman_In_Gold%22_at_Opening_Ceremony_of_the_28th_Tokyo_International_Film_Festival_(22418153872)_(cropped).jpgCate Blanchett thumbnail, picture by Gage Skidmore, Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license.commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cate_Blanchett_in_2017_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg
EJECTIVE CONSONANTS in ENGLISH: Why do English speakers pronounce /k/ like that? Dr Geoff Lindsey 2020-06-26 | In this video I answer the question: what is that special /k/ that some speakers use at the end of words?MRI videos from seeingspeech.ac.ukLanguage maps from languagesgulper.comBBC News Hausa: youtube.com/user/BBCHausaQuechua/Runasimi: youtube.com/watch?v=6AjTi4q_kIoNa'vi in "Avatar": youtube.com/watch?v=TdF1d5MM-B4Daniel Radcliffe: youtube.com/watch?v=ubNmT8FzHLoMargot Robbie: youtube.com/watch?v=rPbEOHPAJAMTom Scott: youtube.com/watch?v=2M-vxb_Bt3kDr Mike: youtube.com/watch?v=TWpjc1QZg84&t=337sKorean Billy: youtube.com/watch?v=uc6UDmY4mV8
WEAK FORMS: Why natives and non-natives sound different Dr Geoff Lindsey 2020-06-02 | Many of the commonest words of English are pronounced in a special reduced way, by Brits, Americans & others. Even by famous, admired speakers. Even in careful, formal speech!Fry's English Delight:bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00xr7wpJudi Dench in Westminster Abbey:youtube.com/watch?v=Hw9fPoV8MK8The Queen:youtube.com/watch?v=2klmuggOElETom Hiddleston reading Byron's poem:youtube.com/watch?v=X1nVVlA2zUk
CONTRASTING /ɛ/ AND /a/ (the vowels of DRESS and TRAP) Dr Geoff Lindsey 2020-05-23 | A Singapore man was denied a $10,000 prize because of his pronunciation, despite the fact that he CORRECTLY identified singer Tony Hadley. Millions around the world pronounce words like "Hadley" and "Hedlye" the same – but for Brits, Americans, etc. it's an important distinction. (After all the attention, the radio station finally gave Muhammad the prize.)Tony Hadley messages Muhammad:youtube.com/watch?v=KG98Uaoxhm4Spandau Ballet "Gold":youtube.com/watch?v=ntG50eXbBtcSpandau Ballet "True":youtube.com/watch?v=AR8D2yqgQ1UThe story on the BBC:youtube.com/watch?v=FcxdjVF2ImA
An Introduction to the Vocal Organs – with MRI video Dr Geoff Lindsey 2020-05-11 | The miraculous workings of your speech organs, using MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).0:00 Introduction1:15 The Mouth2:04 The Larynx2:55 The Nose and Soft Palate4:44 The Tongue – the animal in your mouthMRI videos from SPAN, USC:https://sail.usc.edu/span/gallery.htmlVocal cord stroboscopy:youtube.com/watch?v=t13ftpM4rPwThe Badger Whisperer:youtube.com/watch?v=U2_d-ameu3oBadger vs. Human:youtube.com/watch?v=XA8pxzawUGMMiley Cyrus and her tongue:youtube.com/watch?v=662ecFXvo24
English compound nouns: superhero names show how to pronounce them! Dr Geoff Lindsey 2020-04-23 | Which superheroes line up with Iron Man, and which go with Captain America? The tricky world of English compound stress explained. Blog post: englishspeechservices.com/blog/compound-stress-with-superheroesIGN's top 100:ign.com/lists/comic-book-heroesRocky Raccoon cover:youtube.com/watch?v=mGMkwbCv4_oRocketman:youtube.com/watch?v=lul-Y8vSr0IHarley Quinn:youtube.com/watch?v=RuDE6de1hdQyoutube.com/watch?v=11GW4vhLuP8youtube.com/watch?v=rPbEOHPAJAMIron Fist:youtube.com/watch?v=TkiSoX_PyvM
