Topography of the Hip (Foramina, Canals, Spaces, +Femoral Canal) @TaimTalksMed

Uploaded February 2022 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago

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Content
0:00 Introduction
0:34 Hip Topography Overview
0:55 Pelvis Orientation
1:36 Greater and Lesser Sciatic Foramina
3:14 Obturator Canal
3:37 Vascular and Muscular Space
4:41 Femoral Canal

Topography of the Hip
- Greater and Lesser Sciatic Foramina
Foramen ischiadicum majue et minus
○ Greater Sciatic Foramen
Foramen ischiadicum majus

○ Lesser Sciatic Foramen
Foramen ischiadicum minus
- Formed by
○ Sacrospinous Ligament
○ Sacrotuberous Ligament
○ Sacral Bone
○ Suprapiriform foramen
○ Infrapiriform foramen
Obturator Canal
Canalis obturatoria

Vascular and Muscular Space
Lacuna vasorum et lacuna musuclorum
- Inguinal Ligament
ligamentum inguinale
Iliopectineal Arch
arcus iliopectineus
Pectineal Ligament
ligamentum pectineale
Lacunar Ligament
ligamentum lacunare

Muscular Space
lacuna musculorum
Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
n. cutaneus femoris lateralis
Iliopsoas Muscle
musculus iliopsoas

Vascular Space
lacuna vasorum
Femoral Branch of genitofemoral nerve
r. femoralis from n. genitofemoralis
Femoral Artery
arteria femoralis
Femoral Vein
vena femoralis
- Deep Inguinal Lymp Nodes
Femoral Ring
anulus femoralis

Femoral Canal
canalis femoralis
Saphenous Opening
hiatus saphenus
- Cribriform Fascia
- Femoral Hernia

Topography of the Hip (Foramina, Canals, Spaces, +Femoral Canal)

Fascia of the Thorax (Endothoracic, Thoracic, Clavipectoral, Pectoral Fascia)

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$Eye Anatomy | How You Actually See (Special Senses) 🌐Website: https://taimtalksmed.com/ 🫀 Help keep this content free: youtube.com/channel/UCEr7pkSXVsHcBLLBcJAGV-Q/join 🔬Get 10% off anatomy lab models (affiliate link): https://anatomywarehouse.com?aff=34 📲Other Links: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/taimtalksmed/ Discord: https://discord.com/invite/DENMUpS8ey Content: 00:00 Introduction & Content 02:12 Layers of the Eye (Tunics) 03:20 Fibrous Layer of the Eye 03:29 Sclera 05:01 Cornea 06:46 Vascular Layer of the Eye 06:57 Choroid 07:46 Ciliary Body 10:33 Iris 12:27 Neural (inner) Layer of the Eye 12:34 Retina 16:25 Lens 18:05 Vitreous Body 19:40 Anterior and Posterior Chambers 20:02 Flow of Aqueous Humor 21:22 Eyelids 23:17 Conjunctiva 24:18 Lacrimal Apparatus 25:45 Ending In this video I break down the anatomy of the human eye Fibrous Layer (Tunica fibrosa) - Sclera: tough outer coat maintaining eye shape - Episclera: thin vascular connective tissue layer - Scleral stroma: dense collagen giving sclera its white color - Lamina fusca: pigmented layer preventing internal light scatter - Scleral sulcus: groove marking the cornea–sclera junction - Cornea (Cornea): major refracting surface bending incoming light - Epithelium: highly innervated layer detecting irritation - Bowman’s layer: rigid sheet adding structural strength - Stroma: organized collagen responsible for corneal clarity - Descemet’s membrane: strong basement membrane - Endothelium: pumps fluid to keep cornea transparent Vascular Layer (Tunica vasculosa) - Choroid (Choroidea): vascular, pigmented layer supplying retina and absorbing stray light - Ciliary ring + corona ciliaris: base and folded region of ciliary body - Ciliary processes: produce aqueous humor via non-pigmented epithelium - Zonular fibers (Fibrae zonulares): suspend lens and transmit tension - Ciliary muscle: circular + radial fibers adjusting lens shape for near/far focus - Parasympathetic pathway (EW nucleus → CN III → ciliary ganglion → short ciliary nerves): drives accommodation - Sympathetic fibers: relax ciliary muscle for distance vision - Iris (Iris): melanocyte-rich diaphragm controlling pupil size - Pupil (Pupilla): opening regulating light entry - Sphincter pupillae: constricts pupil in bright light (miosis) - Dilator pupillae: enlarges pupil in dim light (mydriasis) Nervous Layer (Retina) - Photoreceptors (rods + cones): detect light and color - Horizontal cells: integrate lateral visual signals - Bipolar cells: transmit signals from photoreceptors to ganglion cells - Amacrine cells: refine temporal and contrast processing - Ganglion cells: axons form the optic nerve - Macula lutea: central vision and high acuity - Fovea centralis: cone-only region responsible for finest detail - Optic disc: blind spot where CN II exits - Ora serrata: jagged retinal boundary where neural part ends - Retinal pigmented epithelium: absorbs light and supports photoreceptors Lens - Lens capsule: elastic outer covering anchoring zonular fibers - Lens cortex: newer fibers with high transparency - Lens nucleus: older, compacted fibers stiffening with age - Lens fibers: elongated cells packed with crystallins for refraction Posterior Eye - Vitreous chamber: space behind lens - Vitreous body: gel maintaining shape and retinal position - Hyaloid canal: remnant of fetal hyaloid artery Anterior Segment - Anterior chamber: between cornea and iris - Posterior chamber: between iris and lens - Aqueous humor flow: ciliary body → posterior chamber → pupil → anterior chamber - Iridocorneal angle: site of drainage - Trabecular meshwork → Schlemm’s canal: major outflow pathway controlling IOP - Uveoscleral pathway: secondary outflow through ciliary body Accessory Visual Structures - Eyelids (Palpebrae): protect and spread tear film - Tarsal plates: connective tissue giving eyelids structure - Palpebral orbicularis oculi: closes eyelids during blinking - Levator palpebrae superioris: elevates upper lid (CN III) - Superior tarsal muscle: sympathetically controlled lid elevation - Eyelashes (Cilia): trap airborne debris - Tarsal glands: oily secretion preventing tear evaporation - Ciliary and sebaceous glands: support lash follicles Conjunctiva - Palpebral conjunctiva: lines inner eyelids - Bulbar conjunctiva: covers sclera - Conjunctival fornix: fold allowing eyelid movement - Conjunctival sac: pocket where eyedrops collect Lacrimal Apparatus (Apparatus lacrimalis) - Lacrimal gland: produces tears (CN VII) - Excretory ducts: deliver tears to eye surface - Lacrimal caruncle: medial pink structure - Lacrimal puncta: drain tears into canaliculi - Lacrimal canaliculi → lacrimal sac → nasolacrimal duct → inferior nasal meatus: tear drainage into nose Clinical Notes - Jaundice of sclera, conjunctivitis, cataracts, floaters, glaucoma, Horner’s syndrome, tractional retinal detachment Sources: Memorix Anatomy • Gray’s Anatomy • Bergman’s Variation Atlas Programs: Complete Anatomy, Biorender, PowerPoint$

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