Uploaded March 2014 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
Tishitu explains
New engineering developments offer opportunities to develop speech technology that can improve the lives of many people who use wheelchairs. In our work, we are designing tomorrow's intelligent wheelchairs: we are developing a voice-commandable intelligent wheelchair that is aware of its surroundings so that it can assist its user in a variety of tasks.
The goal of this smart wheelchair project is to enhance an ordinary powered wheelchair using sensors to perceive the wheelchair's surroundings, a speech interface to interpret commands The robotic wheelchair learns the layout of its environment (hospital, rehabilitation center, home, etc.) through a narrated, guided tour given by the user or the user's caregivers. This technology is appropriate for people who have lost mobility due to brain injury or the loss of limbs, but who retain speech. The technology can also enhance safety for users who use ordinary joystick-controlled powered wheelchairs, by preventing collisions with walls, fixed objects, furniture and other people.
We envision that a voice-commandable wheelchair could improve the quality of life and safety of tens of thousands of users. Moreover, considerable health improvements and cost savings could accrue through the reduction or elimination of collision-induced injuries such as wounds and broken limbs. Our faculty, students, and researchers come from several departments human computer interaction and user interface design, speech recognition systems, and the role of technology for people with disabilities and people who are getting older.
TISHITU
ISO: 9001-2008
RESEARCH AND CONSULTANCY CELL OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
A Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand
Copyright © All Rights Reserved tishitu.org Reg No.08122629691/SSI
Accreditation No. M3111204IN
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Please watch: "Lifi Communication by Arduino UNO Download Project"
youtube.com/watch?v=c4gC8dbaiZg
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Tishitu explains
New engineering developments offer opportunities to develop speech technology that can improve the lives of many people who use wheelchairs. In our work, we are designing tomorrow's intelligent wheelchairs: we are developing a voice-commandable intelligent wheelchair that is aware of its surroundings so that it can assist its user in a variety of tasks.
The goal of this smart wheelchair project is to enhance an ordinary powered wheelchair using sensors to perceive the wheelchair's surroundings, a speech interface to interpret commands The robotic wheelchair learns the layout of its environment (hospital, rehabilitation center, home, etc.) through a narrated, guided tour given by the user or the user's caregivers. This technology is appropriate for people who have lost mobility due to brain injury or the loss of limbs, but who retain speech. The technology can also enhance safety for users who use ordinary joystick-controlled powered wheelchairs, by preventing collisions with walls, fixed objects, furniture and other people.
We envision that a voice-commandable wheelchair could improve the quality of life and safety of tens of thousands of users. Moreover, considerable health improvements and cost savings could accrue through the reduction or elimination of collision-induced injuries such as wounds and broken limbs. Our faculty, students, and researchers come from several departments human computer interaction and user interface design, speech recognition systems, and the role of technology for people with disabilities and people who are getting older.
TISHITU
ISO: 9001-2008
RESEARCH AND CONSULTANCY CELL OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
A Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand
Copyright © All Rights Reserved tishitu.org Reg No.08122629691/SSI
Accreditation No. M3111204IN
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Please watch: "Lifi Communication by Arduino UNO Download Project"
youtube.com/watch?v=c4gC8dbaiZg
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
![Basics of electronics How to Glow LED in Proteus
LED GLOW
In this video we glowing a led, here we are using one led, one 330k resistor and dc power supply of 5v.Connect one end of resistor to button and button another to power supply and another terminal of resistor with the led ,remaining end of led is connected to ground.
Here, the supply voltage is 5V, LED Forward Voltage (VF) is 2.2 Volt and Forward Current (IF) is 10mA.
Now the Value of resistor (which we will connect in Series with LED) for this circuit would be:
Resistor Value = ((Vsupply-Vf))/If = (5 -2.2) / 10mA = 280Ω
Resistor Power rating formula for this circuit
Resistor Power Rating = IF2x Resistor Value= (10mA) 2 x 280 Ω = 0.028W = 28mW
But This is the minimum required resistor value to ensure that resistor will not overheat, so its recommended that to double the power rating of resistor that you have calculated, therefore, choose 0.028W x 2 = 0.056W = 56mW resistor for this circuit.
JJD - Adventure [NCS Release]
Different Heaven (NCS)
this music is provided by NCS, the link to the track is
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2xGx...
Proteus File or Circuit Download
http://www.mediafire.com/file/yik890rk7qditm8/led.rar
http://www.mediafire.com/file/wweh61wueyc2vgy/ledglow.zip
TISHITU
ISO: 9001-2008
RESEARCH AND CONSULTANCY CELL OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
A Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand
Copyright © All Rights Reserved www.tishitu.org Reg No.08122629691/SSI
Accreditation No. M3111204IN
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: Lifi Communication by Arduino UNO Download Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4gC8dbaiZg
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Basics of electronics How to Glow LED in Proteus](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/XQoZHrlXQJk/mqdefault.jpg)
![Tishitu #1 biogas short survey Rajasthan Go Seva Sangh Durgapura Jaipur India
Tishitu explains
Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material, animal feces, and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas. Biogas originates from biogenic material and is a type of bio fuel.
Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as biomass, manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material, and crops.[1] Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), moisture and siloxanes.
The gases methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (CO) can be combusted or oxidized with oxygen. This energy release allows biogas to be used as a fuel. Biogas can be used as a fuel in any country for any heating purpose, such as cooking. It can also be used in anaerobic digesters where it is typically used in a gas engine to convert the energy in the gas into electricity and heat.[2] Biogas can be compressed, much like natural gas, and used to power motor vehicles. In the UK, for example, biogas is estimated to have the potential to replace around 17% of vehicle fuel.[3] Biogas is a renewable fuel so it qualifies for renewable energy subsidies in some parts of the world. Biogas can also be cleaned and upgraded to natural gas standards when it becomes bio methane.
The composition of biogas varies depending upon the origin of the anaerobic digestion process. Landfill gas typically has methane concentrations around 50%. Advanced waste treatment technologies can produce biogas with 55 75% methane,[11] which for reactors with free liquids can be increased to 80-90% methane using in-situ gas purification techniques[12] As-produced, biogas also contains water vapor. The fractional volume of water vapor is a function of biogas temperature; correction of measured gas volume for both water vapor content and thermal expansion is easily done via a simple mathematic algorithm[13] which yields the standardized volume of dry biogas.
In some cases, biogas contains siloxanes. These siloxanes are formed from the anaerobic decomposition of materials commonly found in soaps and detergents. During combustion of biogas containing siloxanes, silicon is released and can combine with free oxygen or various other elements in the combustion gas. Deposits are formed containing mostly silica (SiO2) or silicates (SixOy) and can also contain calcium, sulfur, zinc, phosphorus. Such white mineral deposits accumulate to a surface thickness of several millimeters and must be removed by chemical or mechanical means.
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Please watch: Lifi Communication by Arduino UNO Download Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4gC8dbaiZg
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Tishitu #1 biogas short survey Rajasthan Go Seva Sangh Durgapura Jaipur India](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/XS2DfygvYvE/mqdefault.jpg)
![DPDT switch for wired robot basic
Working of DC Motor
A DC motor is of a class of electrical machines that converts direct current electrical power into mechanical power. The most common types relay on the forces produced by magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of current flow in part of the motor. Most types produce rotary motion, a linear motor directly produces force and motion in a straight line.DC motors were the first type widely used, since they could be powered from existing direct-current lighting power distribution systems. A DC motors speed can be controlled over a wide range, using either a variable supply voltage or by changing the strength of current in its field windings. Small DC motors are used in tools, toys, and appliances.
Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT)
A Double Pole Double Throw (DPDT) switch is a switch that has 2 inputs and 4 outputs; each input has 2 corresponding outputs that it can connect to each of the terminals of a double pole double switch can either be in 1 of 2 positions. This makes the double pole double throw switch a very versatile switch. With 2 inputs, it can connect to 4 different outputs. It can reroute a circuit into 2 different modes of operation. A Double Pole Single Switch is actually two single pole double throw (SPDT) switches, with adding another pole to the single pole double throw (SPDT) creates a double pole double throw (DPDT) switch. Basically, two SPDT switches, which can control two separate circuits, but are always switched together by a single actuator.
In this video, we are controlling single motor with one dpdt switch then after controlling two motor with dpdt switch. A DC motor, a DPDT switch preferably one with a center OFF position, so you can control the motor like this: Forward, stop and backwards, a Power supply that suits the specifications of the motor (has the voltage and amperage as the manufacturer of the motor recommends).Place the components in the part list then place a battery for power supply of 12v then place DPDT switch and short pin 1 & 6 and similarly for pin 2 & 5.Connect battery to pin 3 and 4.When pin 3 is connected to pin 1 and pin 4 is connected to pin 2,motor moves in forward direction and when pin 3 is connected to pin 5 and when pin 4 is connected to pin 6 then motor moves in reverse direction.
Audio Source:-
RetroVision - Heroes [NCS Release]
this music is provided by NCS, the link to the track is
https://youtu.be/QfhF0V9VlJA
Download Circuit from link Below
http://www.mediafire.com/file/9i3zovdcm7zna5t/DC_MOTOR_WITH_DPDT%282%29.zip
TISHITU
ISO: 9001-2008
RESEARCH AND CONSULTANCY CELL OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
A Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand
Copyright © All Rights Reserved www.tishitu.org Reg No.08122629691/SSI
Accreditation No. M3111204IN
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~-
Please watch: Lifi Communication by Arduino UNO Download Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4gC8dbaiZg
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~- DPDT switch for wired robot basic](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/XtD_GfAV42U/mqdefault.jpg)

![Controller Area Network (CAN) Part-2
What is CAN?
Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial network that was originally designed for the automotive industry, but has also become a popular bus in industrial automation as well as other applications. The CAN bus is primarily used in embedded systems, and as its name implies, is the network established among microcontrollers. It is a two-wire, half duplex, high-speed network system and is well suited for high speed applications using short messages. Its robustness, reliability and the large following from the semiconductor industry are some of the benefits with CAN.
FullCAN
FullCAN is used in more expensive, high performance CAN controllers and microcontrollers. The FullCAN controller has a set of buffers called mailboxes. On initialization, each mailbox is assigned an identifier and is set to transmit or receive.
When the CAN controller receives a message it checks the mailboxes in order to see is there is a receive mailbox with the same identifier as the message. If such a mailbox is found, the message is stored in it and the host controller is notified. Otherwise the message is discarded.
When transmitting a message the message length and data is written to the transmit mailbox with the correct identifier.
If a remote message is received the controller checks the remote identifier against the transmit mailboxes. If a match is found, the controller automatically sends a message with the identifier and data contained in that mailbox. This means that the microcontroller gets a lower load, and that the software does not have to handle remote messages. However, if the mailbox has not been updated in a long time, the information sent to the network will be old. This have to be considered when writing the software.
With a FullCAN controller it is possible to filter out only the exact message types that are interesting. This type of controller will therefore give a lower load on the host microcontroller. However, the number of mailboxes are limited. The largest number of mailboxes present in a CAN controller today is ???.
With some controllers it is possible to reconfigure the mailboxes dynamically. However, that does not completely solve the problem. Therefore some controllers are mixed CAN controllers, that is they have mailboxes, but also BasicCAN buffers.
FullCAN controllers have support for automatically answering remote frames. This will decrease the load on the host microcontroller or processor, but may also mean that old information is sent. It is very important to take this into consideration when writing your application.
CAN can theoretically link up to 2032 devices (assuming one node with one identifier) on a single network. However, due to the practical limitation of the hardware (transceivers), it can only link up to110 nodes (with 82C250, Philips) on a single network. It offers high-speed communication rate up to 1 Mbits/sec thus allows real-time control. In addition, the error confinement and the error detection feature make it more reliable in noise critical environment.
LInk :- http://hem.bredband.net/stafni/developer/CAN.htm
CAN bus (for controller area network) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle without a host computer.
CAN bus is a message-based protocol, designed specifically for automotive applications but now also used in other areas such as industrial automation and medical equipment.
Development of CAN bus started originally in 1983 at Robert Bosch GmbH.[1] The protocol was officially released in 1986 at the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) congress in Detroit, Michigan. The first CAN controller chips, produced by Intel and Philips, came on the market in 1987. Bosch published the CAN 2.0 specification in 1991.
CAN bus is one of five protocols used in the OBD-II vehicle diagnostics standard. The OBD-II standard has been mandatory for all cars and light trucks sold in the United States since 1996, and the EOBD standard has been mandatory for all petrol vehicles sold in the European Union since 2001 and all diesel vehicles since 2004.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN_bus
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Please watch: Lifi Communication by Arduino UNO Download Project
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4gC8dbaiZg
-~-~~-~~~-~~-~- Controller Area Network (CAN) Part-2](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/YBev_MLe65M/mqdefault.jpg)





