Uploaded December 2022 | Updated September 2026, 2 days ago
The Out of Africa hypothesis is the most well-supported model of human population migration among biologists, but it clashes with a literal reading of the book of Genesis. In this video, I review the Out of Africa hypothesis and pit it against Rob Carter, Stephen Lee, and John Sanford's 2018 paper that proposes an "Out of Babel". I use simulations and empirically reconstruct the human mtDNA phylogeny to show you how Carter and friends are misinterpreting their phylogenies, and how ultimately the human data matches perfectly with simulations assuming a population bottleneck in the Out of Africa groups.
PS: I'm struggling with a bit of the sniffles, so my voice here is weird. You know me by now, you get what you paid for.
The Out of Africa hypothesis is the most well-supported model of human population migration among biologists, but it clashes with a literal reading of the book of Genesis. In this video, I review the Out of Africa hypothesis and pit it against Rob Carter, Stephen Lee, and John Sanford's 2018 paper that proposes an "Out of Babel". I use simulations and empirically reconstruct the human mtDNA phylogeny to show you how Carter and friends are misinterpreting their phylogenies, and how ultimately the human data matches perfectly with simulations assuming a population bottleneck in the Out of Africa groups.
PS: I'm struggling with a bit of the sniffles, so my voice here is weird. You know me by now, you get what you paid for.





![Demystifying Evolutionary Biology: My Summer Plans
Welcome to the channel! Im Zach Hancock, an evolutionary biologist who specializes in population genetics, phylogenetics, and genome evolution. This summer, Im embarking on a new project focusing on the spatial genetics of beach moles (small crustaceans that live on sandy beaches), and Im bringing you along for the ride! I will be filming the whole study, from beginning to end, and this project will serve to demystify evolutionary biology for the general public. Hope youll stick around for it! In the meantime, enjoy the other content on the channel that ranges from evolution education, pseudoscience debunking, and invertebrate systematics.
Learn more about me at talkpopgen.org.
Find me on twitter [at]zachbbionerd.
References
https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2022/02/15/americans-trust-in-scientists-other-groups-declines/
https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2015/07/01/chapter-4-evolution-and-perceptions-of-scientific-consensus/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/09636625211035919 Demystifying Evolutionary Biology: My Summer Plans](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/UENteAE5lsQ/mqdefault.jpg)




