Uploaded September 2021 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago

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Content:
0:00 Introduction
1:03 Topography of the Medulla
1:52 Anterior Surface of the Medulla
4:19 Posterior Surface of the Medulla
5:47 Internal Surface of Medulla
7:08 Grey Matter of Medulla
7:51 White Matter of Medulla (Ascending Tracts)
11:58 White Matter of Medulla (Descending Tracts)
16:11 QUIZ!

Topography of the Medulla Oblongata:
- Lies above the Spinal Cord, Below Pons, In front of the Cerebellum, on clivus, above foramen magnum
- 2,5 cm length
- Anterior Surface
- Posterior Surface

Anterior Surface of the Medulla Oblongata:
- Anterior Median Fissure (Fissura Mediana Anterior)
- Right Anterolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Anterolateralis Dexter)
- Left Anterolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Anterolateralis Sinister)
- Right Posterolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Posterolateralis Dexter)
- Left Posterolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Posterolateralis Sinister)
- Pyramids of the Medulla Oblongata (Pyramis Medullae Oblongatae)
○ Contain deccusation of pyramid (Decussation Pyramidum)
- Olives of the Medulla (Oliva)
- Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal Nerve) from anterolateral sulci
- Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharygeus)
- Cranial Nerve X (Vagus)
- Cranial Nerve XI (Accessorius)

Posterior View of Medulla Oblongata:
- Posterior Median Sulcus (Sulcus Medianus Posterior)
- Gracile Fascicle (Fasciculus Gracilis)
○ Gracile Tuberce (Tuberculum Gracilis)
- Cuneate Fascicle (Fasciculus Cuneatus)
○ Cuneate Tubercle (Tuberculum Cuneatus)
- Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle (Pedunculus Cerebellaris Inferior)

Gray Matter of Medulla
- Gracile Nucleus (Nucleus Gracilis)
- Cuneate Nucleus (Nucleus Cuneatus)
- Reticular Formation (Formatio Reticularis)
- Olivary Nuclei (Nuclei Olivares)
- Nuclei of the Rhomboid Fossa (Cranial nuclei of X-XII)

Ascending tracts of Medulla:
- Gracile Fascicle (Fasciculus Gracilis) to Gracile Nucleus
○ Epicritic Sensibility (Proprioception and Mechanoreceptios)
- Cuneate Fascicle (Fasciculus Cuneatus) to Cuneate Nucleus
- External Arcuate Fibers (Fibrae Arcuatae Externae)
- Internal Arcuate Fibers (Fibrae Arcuatae Internae)
○ Decussation of the Lemnisci (Deccusatio Lemnisci Medialis)
○ Medial Lemniscus (Lemniscus Medialis)
- Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract (Tractus Spinocerebellaris Anterior)
○ Throguh inferior cerebellar peduncle
- Posterior Spinocerebellar Tract (Tractus Spinocerebellaris Posterior)
○ Through Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
- Anterior Spinothalamic Tract (Tractus Spinothalamicus Anterior)
- Lateral Spinothalamic Tract (Tractus Spinothalamicus Lateralis)

Descending tracts of the Medulla:
- Corticospinal Tract (Tractus Corticospinalis)
- Decussation of Pyramids (Decussatio Pyramidum)
- Lateral Corticospinal Tract
- Anterior Corticospinal Tract
- Corticonuclear Tract (Corticobulbar tract)
- Vestibulospinal Tract (Tractus Vestibulospinalis)
- Olivospinal Tract (Tractus Olivispinalis)
- Olicocerebellar Tract (Tractus Olivocerebellaris)
- Rubrospinal Tract (Tractus Rubrospinalis)
- Tectospinal Tract (Tractus Tectospinalis)
- Lateral Reticulospinal Tract (Tractus Reticulospinalis Lateralis)
- Medial Reticulospinal Tract (Tractus Reticulospinalis Medialis)
- Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (Fasciculus Longitudinalis Medialis)

QUIZ

Sources used in this video:
- Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
- Biorender
- University notes and lectures