Uploaded July 2025 | Updated September 2026, 1 hour ago
Lecture at the conference "Courage and Convictions. Practicing Judgment", June 27, 2025
I shall consider two types of judgment, in relation to my work as a critic and book reviewer. The first type of judgment is what we might think of as the arsenal of any decent project of good reading—searching for meaning; accruing and then learning how to use a kind of hermeneutic wisdom; looking for patterns; learning what to look for in a work of art. We might call this first type secular judgment. The second type of judgment is closer to religious judgment: judging, choosing, selecting, casting in and casting out, a process strongly associated, of course, with that terrifying apparition, the critic. I will examine the relations between these two types, and the ways in which, in literary studies, the first kind of judgment has steadily come to eclipse the second.
Lecture at the conference "Courage and Convictions. Practicing Judgment", June 27, 2025
I shall consider two types of judgment, in relation to my work as a critic and book reviewer. The first type of judgment is what we might think of as the arsenal of any decent project of good reading—searching for meaning; accruing and then learning how to use a kind of hermeneutic wisdom; looking for patterns; learning what to look for in a work of art. We might call this first type secular judgment. The second type of judgment is closer to religious judgment: judging, choosing, selecting, casting in and casting out, a process strongly associated, of course, with that terrifying apparition, the critic. I will examine the relations between these two types, and the ways in which, in literary studies, the first kind of judgment has steadily come to eclipse the second.
![Daniel G. Williams: Paul Robeson and Wales: Towards a Particularist Universalism
In an interview of 1958, Paul Robeson suggested that the fusion of class and ethnic identities in his thought was a result of his experiences in Wales: “[T]oday I feel as much at home in the Welsh valley[s] as I would in my own Negro section in any city in the United States. I just did a broadcast by transatlantic cable to the Welsh valley[s], a few weeks ago, and here was the first understanding that the struggle of the Negro people, or of any people, cannot be by itself – that is, the human struggle…That defines my philosophy. It’s a joining one. We are a working people, a laboring people – the Negro people.” This passage is striking due to the apparent tension between the declaration of ethnic particularity – ‘the Negro people’ – and an internationalist, universalist commitment to ‘the human struggle’. My paper will consider Wales a space where the tensions between universalist internationalism and ethnic particularism in Robeson’s thought were played out, both during his life and posthumously. Daniel G. Williams: Paul Robeson and Wales: Towards a Particularist Universalism](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/pVPwpwBRC_k/mqdefault.jpg)









