Uploaded February 2024 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
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Writing by Sam Denby and Tristan Purdy
Editing by Alexander Williard
Lead Motion Design by Max Moser
Motion Design by Sara Stoltman, Derek Brown
Audio and Music by Manni Simon, Donovan Bullen
Additional Editing by José Gámez
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
Supervising Producers Graham Haerther, Travis Southerland
References
[1] carnegieendowment.org/sada/77120
[2] https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-blockade-on-qatar-helped-strengthen-its-economy-paving-the-way-to-stronger-regional-integration/
[3] bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68091659
[4] foreignpolicy.com/2020/12/11/the-pitiful-endgame-of-saudi-arabias-qatar-blockade
[5] fanack.com/gulf-cooperation-council/blockade-of-qatar-2017-2021
[6] newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/how-qatar-became-the-worlds-go-to-hostage-negotiator
[7] wsj.com/world/middle-east/gaza-diplomacy-cements-qatars-global-mediator-role-29e0ffb7
[8] theconversation.com/gaza-war-how-qatar-used-its-business-connections-to-become-a-leading-mediator-in-the-middle-east-218461
[9] https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/bitstream/handle/10822/1048298/Kamrava-Qatari%20Foreign%20Policy%20and%20the%20Exercise%20of%20Subtle%20Power.pdf?sequence=5&isAllowed=y
To try everything Brilliant has to offer—free—for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org/wendover
The first 200 of you will get 20% off Brilliant's annual premium subscription
Instagram: Instagram.com/sam.from.wendover
Twitter: Twitter.com/WendoverPro
Sponsorship Enquiries: wendover@standard.tv
Other emails: sam@wendover.productions
Reddit: Reddit.com/r/WendoverProductions
Writing by Sam Denby and Tristan Purdy
Editing by Alexander Williard
Lead Motion Design by Max Moser
Motion Design by Sara Stoltman, Derek Brown
Audio and Music by Manni Simon, Donovan Bullen
Additional Editing by José Gámez
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
Supervising Producers Graham Haerther, Travis Southerland
References
[1] carnegieendowment.org/sada/77120
[2] https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-blockade-on-qatar-helped-strengthen-its-economy-paving-the-way-to-stronger-regional-integration/
[3] bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68091659
[4] foreignpolicy.com/2020/12/11/the-pitiful-endgame-of-saudi-arabias-qatar-blockade
[5] fanack.com/gulf-cooperation-council/blockade-of-qatar-2017-2021
[6] newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/how-qatar-became-the-worlds-go-to-hostage-negotiator
[7] wsj.com/world/middle-east/gaza-diplomacy-cements-qatars-global-mediator-role-29e0ffb7
[8] theconversation.com/gaza-war-how-qatar-used-its-business-connections-to-become-a-leading-mediator-in-the-middle-east-218461
[9] https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/bitstream/handle/10822/1048298/Kamrava-Qatari%20Foreign%20Policy%20and%20the%20Exercise%20of%20Subtle%20Power.pdf?sequence=5&isAllowed=y

![How to Beat the Casino, and How Theyll Stop You
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
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Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
References:
[1] https://gaming.unlv.edu/reports/NV_1984_present.pdf
[2] https://s22.q4cdn.com/513010314/files/doc_financials/annual/2019/2019-MGM-Annual-Report.pdf
[3] https://www.apple.com/ipad-10.2/specs/
[4] https://www.888casino.com/blog/gaming-mathematics/house-edge
[5] https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?locations=NZ
[6] https://scholars.law.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1045&context=glj
[7] https://wizardofodds.com/games/blackjack/card-counting/high-low/
[8] https://www.blackjackapprenticeship.com/recommended-blackjack-bankroll/
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MB01C5IMX1BNQGN How to Beat the Casino, and How Theyll Stop You](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Ongqf93rAcM/mqdefault.jpg)
![How the Sports Betting Industry Quietly Consumed America
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Writing by Sam Denby and Tristan Purdy
Editing by Alexander Williard
Animation led by Josh Sherrington
Sound by Graham Haerther
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
References
[1] https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1615&context=thesesdissertations
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7704449/pdf/fpsyt-11-593789.pdf
[3] https://news.bloombergtax.com/daily-tax-report/fanduel-draftkings-save-millions-on-taxes-thanks-to-free-play
[4] https://aifs.gov.au/research/research-snapshots/weighing-odds-sports-betting-and-young-men
[5] http://www.biakelsey.com/wp-content/uploads/BIA-Nielsen-OnlineGamblingApril21-21.pdf
[6] https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/26/australia-gambling-addiction/
[7] https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2014/02/03/the-house-wins
[8] https://responsiblegambling.vic.gov.au/about-us/news-and-media/counting-the-cost-of-pokies/
[9] https://theconversation.com/who-wins-from-big-gambling-in-australia-22930
[10] https://www.smh.com.au/politics/nsw/gambling-capital-of-australia-six-charts-that-show-the-scale-of-poker-machine-use-in-nsw-20221104-p5bvlk.html [11] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7704449/#B10
[12] https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/10/15/us/sports-betting-daily-fantasy-games-fanduel-draftkings.html
[13] https://www.bettingusa.com/laws/paspa/#:~:text=The%20first%20real%20challenge%20to,at%20local%20racetracks%20and%20casinos
[14] https://www.forbes.com/sites/darrenheitner/2015/09/20/an-abbreviated-history-of-fanduel-and-draftkings/?sh=62dd98e87564
[15] https://www.espn.com/chalk/story/_/id/24310393/gambling-how-media-daily-fantasy-new-thinking-us-pro-sports-commissioners-helped-sports-betting-become-accepted
[16] https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/fanduel
[17] https://www.wired.com/2015/10/daily-fantasy-sports-scandal-fanduel-draftkings/ How the Sports Betting Industry Quietly Consumed America](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Pm5bTZRhncY/mqdefault.jpg)
![The Logistics of the US Census
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
Sound by Graham Haerther (http://www.Haerther.net)
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
Music by http://epidemicsound.com
Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
References:
[1] https://goo.gl/maps/wgMvdgJML51xZzyb6
[2] https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript
[3] https://www.gao.gov/highrisk/2020_decennial_census/why_did_study
[4] https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/program-management/planning-docs/2020-oper-plan4.pdf
[5] https://www.census.gov/about/regions.html
[6] https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/program-management/planning-docs/2020-oper-plan4.pdf
[7] https://www.bls.gov/charts/employment-situation/civilian-unemployment-rate.htm
[8] https://2020census.gov/en/jobs/pay-and-locations/national-map.html
[9] https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2019/08/from-horseback-to-satellite-how-us-census-bureau-checks-addresses.html
[10] https://apps.npr.org/documents/document.html?id=4426784-Planned-Questions-2020-Acs#document/p13/a445096
[11] https://gis-portal.data.census.gov/arcgis/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=7ef5c37c68a64ef3b2f1b17eb9287427
[12] https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/eaglecountycolorado
[13] https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2018/2020-census-alaska.html
[14] https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/factsheets/2019/dec/how-census-invites-everyone.pdf
[15] https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/factsheets/2019/dec/how-census-invites-everyone.pdf
[16] https://people.howstuffworks.com/census.htm/printable
[17] https://2020census.gov/content/dam/2020census/materials/group-quarters/questionnaires/Informational%20Copy%20of%20the%202020%20Vessel%20Questionnaire%20(English).pdf The Logistics of the US Census](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Ppjv0H-Yt5Q/mqdefault.jpg)
![How Long-Haul Trucking Works
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
Sound by Graham Haerther (http://www.Haerther.net)
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
Music by http://epidemicsound.com
Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
References:
[1] https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/hours-service/summary-hours-service-regulations; https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32006R0561:EN:HTML
[2] https://afdc.energy.gov/files/u/publication/hdv_idling_2015.pdf
[3] https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_5_6_a
Musicbed SyncID:
MB01EL3TAZUZRKO How Long-Haul Trucking Works](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/QlPrAKtegFQ/mqdefault.jpg)
![How Boeing Will Get the 737 MAX Flying Again
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
Sound by Graham Haerther (http://www.Haerther.net)
Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
Music by http://epidemicsound.com
Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
References:
[1] https://www.barrons.com/articles/boeing-build-737-max-jets-2020-51580483928
[2] https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-06-04/boeing-737-max-seen-as-airplane-non-grata-by-wary-travelers
[3] https://www.seattletimes.com/business/boeing-aerospace/delays-in-737-max-certification-flight-may-push-off-boeings-goal-to-win-approval-by-mid-summer/
[4] https://www.ft.com/content/5ce97f8a-fb28-11e9-98fd-4d6c20050229
[5] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/07/business/boeing-737-max-simulator-training.html
[6] https://www.reuters.com/article/us-boeing-737max-training/airlines-scour-the-world-for-scarce-737-max-simulators-idUSKBN1ZL0EH
[7] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/10/business/boeing-737-max-fly-again.html
[8] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/24/business/boeing-737-max-survey.html How Boeing Will Get the 737 MAX Flying Again](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/QvUpSFGRqEo/mqdefault.jpg)
![The Incredible Logistics Behind Corn Farming
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Writing by Sam Denby and Tristan Purdy
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Animation led by Josh Sherrington
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Thumbnail by Simon Buckmaster
References
[1] https://www.bancroftiowa.com/index.asp?SEC=63D4BC80-6900-4A7F-A5C0-92A39E566074
[2] https://www.nass.usda.gov/Quick_Stats/Ag_Overview/stateOverview.php?state=IOWA
[3] https://www.agry.purdue.edu/ext/corn/news/timeless/YieldTrends.html
[4] https://www.krugerseed.com/en-us/products/corn.html#view=national&zipcode=50511
[5] https://www.federalhybrids.com/products/corn/
[6] http://www.croptesting.iastate.edu/Corn/Docs/2021_ISU_corn_final_report.pdf
[7] https://www.macrotrends.net/2532/corn-prices-historical-chart-data
[8] https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/crops/pdf/a1-20.pdf
[9] https://crops.extension.iastate.edu/blog/aaron-saeugling-kristina-tebockhorst-mark-hanna-ryan-w-bergman-shawn-shouse/combine-adjustments
[10] https://s3.amazonaws.com/media.agricharts.com/sites/211/SLC%20Grain%20Policies%209-12-21.pdf
Select footage courtesy Getty and AP; Select imagery courtesy Geolayers; Select music courtesy Epidemic sound The Incredible Logistics Behind Corn Farming](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/R9pxFgJwxFE/mqdefault.jpg)

![Airlines Protocol for After a Plane Crash
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
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Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
References:
[1] https://www.icao.int/safety/iStars/Pages/Accident-Statistics.aspx
[2] https://www.airlineratings.com/news/top-twenty-safest-airlines-2020/
[3] https://www.icao.int/safety/iStars/Pages/Accident-Statistics.aspx
[4] https://www.aviationemergencyresponseplan.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Information-GO-KIT.pdf
[5] http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/5/1/mh370-family-centers.html
[6] https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:392390/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Musicbed SyncID:
MB019XVVGNJYDYV Airlines Protocol for After a Plane Crash](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Rtmhv5qEBg0/mqdefault.jpg)
![The Logistics of the US Election
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Animation by Josh Sherrington
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Music by http://epidemicsound.com
Select footage courtesy the AP Archive
References:
[1] https://www.270towin.com/poll-closing-times
[2] https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/upshot/election-2016-voting-precinct-maps.html#6.77/44.01/-102.42
[3] https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/06/us/election-security-expert-panel.html
[4] http://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/internet-voting.aspx
[5] https://media.defcon.org/DEF%20CON%2027/voting-village-report-defcon27.pdf
[6] https://elect.ky.gov/Resources/Documents/10-17-2019%20-%20Voting%20Machines%20By%20County.pdf
[7] https://www.verifiedvoting.org/resources/voting-equipment/hart-intercivic/escan/
[8] https://www.verifiedvoting.org/resources/voting-equipment/microvote/infinity/
[9] https://sos.idaho.gov/elect/Clerk/Hart/ac6300-006_62D_SupportProcedures_%23390-cp.pdf
[10] https://www.thoughtco.com/votes-counted-on-election-day-3322083
[11] https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/08/20/new-los-angeles-county-voting-system-highlights-trade-offs-between-security-accessibility/
[12] https://www.edisonresearch.com/election-polling/
[13] https://www.ap.org/en-us/topics/politics/counting-the-vote#form-help
[14] https://blog.ap.org/behind-the-news/calling-the-presidential-race-state-by-state
[15] https://blog.ap.org/behind-the-news/ap-flashes-what-theyre-all-about
[16] https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2016/11/04/what-time-will-this-election-finally-be-over/ The Logistics of the US Election](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/RyG7nzteG64/mqdefault.jpg)
