Uploaded February 2020 | Updated September 2026, 10 hours ago
In this video, we discuss the fascinating history of Scotland, from its earliest beginnings on.
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Music performed by Kevin Macleod Available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.
Download available at incompetech.com
"Gregorian Chant"
"Hidden Past"
Picture Sources:
By Luis Ascenso Photography from Lisbon, Portugal - Blue is coming in Quiraing, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39805273
By Each-uisge - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=38741847
By Kjetil Bjørnsrud - Own work, CC BY 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=780652
By Des Colhoun, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=13648807
By Stevekeiretsu - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35375808
By Chmee2 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=21749818
By CeStu - Own work, CC BY 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15262686
By Catfish Jim and the soapdish at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5944358
By The original uploader was Deacon of Pndapetzim at English Wikipedia. - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons., CC BY-SA 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1834024
CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=900336
By Aaron Bradley from Vancouver, Canada - Replica of the Stone of Scone, Scone Palace, Scotland, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=46994554
By Trish Steel, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10386608
By Kjetil Bjørnsrud New york - Own work, CC BY 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=781637
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37727825
By Anne Burgess, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=473128
By I, Calgacus, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2527572
By LASZLO ILYES from Cleveland, Ohio, USA - Flickr, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=732696
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20847059
By WyrdLight.com, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20455457
By Darren Copley from Sheffield - Peveril Castle, Castleton, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8748969
By Adam Bishop - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17048658
By Mattbuck (talk • contribs) - This file was derived from: London MMB »0Z1 Palace of Westminster.jpg, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35346739
By DeFacto - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=72109667
By William Hole - mural in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery, Edinburgh, photographed by uploader, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32596989
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15887444
By Czar Brodie - user created, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8778525
By Nilfanion - Wikimedia UK, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47676365
By photo by Alan Light, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1141301
By Billreid at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4929995
By Otter - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4448273
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15839225
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15839317
By Walter Baxter, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14381124
By No machine-readable author provided. Supergolden assumed (based on copyright claims). - No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims)., CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=620256
By MrPenguin20 - Own workThis file was derived from: Scotland topographic map-en.svgMatches information on p. 131 of Sumption, Jonathan (1990). Trial by Battle. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-57120-095-5., CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=43004691
By Paul McIlroy, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5239998
In this video, we discuss the fascinating history of Scotland, from its earliest beginnings on.
Find us here too!
Patreon: Patreon.com/Fireoflearning
Facebook: facebook.com/Fire-Of-Learning-140814776119638
Instagram: @Fire_of_Learning
Twitter: @Fire_Learning
Reddit: reddit.com/r/FireOfLearning
Music performed by Kevin Macleod Available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.
Download available at incompetech.com
"Gregorian Chant"
"Hidden Past"
Picture Sources:
By Luis Ascenso Photography from Lisbon, Portugal - Blue is coming in Quiraing, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39805273
By Each-uisge - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=38741847
By Kjetil Bjørnsrud - Own work, CC BY 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=780652
By Des Colhoun, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=13648807
By Stevekeiretsu - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35375808
By Chmee2 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=21749818
By CeStu - Own work, CC BY 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15262686
By Catfish Jim and the soapdish at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5944358
By The original uploader was Deacon of Pndapetzim at English Wikipedia. - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons., CC BY-SA 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1834024
CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=900336
By Aaron Bradley from Vancouver, Canada - Replica of the Stone of Scone, Scone Palace, Scotland, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=46994554
By Trish Steel, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10386608
By Kjetil Bjørnsrud New york - Own work, CC BY 2.5, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=781637
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37727825
By Anne Burgess, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=473128
By I, Calgacus, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2527572
By LASZLO ILYES from Cleveland, Ohio, USA - Flickr, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=732696
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20847059
By WyrdLight.com, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20455457
By Darren Copley from Sheffield - Peveril Castle, Castleton, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8748969
By Adam Bishop - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17048658
By Mattbuck (talk • contribs) - This file was derived from: London MMB »0Z1 Palace of Westminster.jpg, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35346739
By DeFacto - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=72109667
By William Hole - mural in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery, Edinburgh, photographed by uploader, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32596989
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15887444
By Czar Brodie - user created, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8778525
By Nilfanion - Wikimedia UK, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47676365
By photo by Alan Light, CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1141301
By Billreid at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4929995
By Otter - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4448273
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15839225
By Kim Traynor - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15839317
By Walter Baxter, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14381124
By No machine-readable author provided. Supergolden assumed (based on copyright claims). - No machine-readable source provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims)., CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=620256
By MrPenguin20 - Own workThis file was derived from: Scotland topographic map-en.svgMatches information on p. 131 of Sumption, Jonathan (1990). Trial by Battle. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-57120-095-5., CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=43004691
By Paul McIlroy, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5239998

![Did Prussia and Poland Help America Defeat Britain?
In this video, we take a look at the role of figures like the Baron von Steuben and Thaddeus Kosciuszko in the American Revolution.
Patreon: www.patreon.com/fireoflearning
The following music performed by Kevin Macleod Available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.
Download available at incompetech.com
Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G, Movement I (Allegro), BWV 1049 [orig. by JS Bach]
Works cited
[a] “How Each Major Nation Reacted To American Independence.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5L6QJ4u58U&t=2s
[1] Haworth, Paul Leland. “Frederick the Great and the American Revolution.” The American Historical Review, vol. 9, no. 3, 1904, pp. 460–78. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/1833470.
[2] “General von Steuben.” National Park Service, nps.gov, date N/A.
https://www.nps.gov/vafo/learn/historyculture/vonsteuben.htm
[3] “Baron von Steuben.” American Battlefield Trust, battlefields.org,
https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/baron-von-steuben
[4] “Marquis de Lafayette”. American Battlefield Trust, battlefields.org,
https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/marquis-de-lafayette
[5] “Thaddeus Kosciuszko”. National Park Service, nps.gov, date N/A.
https://www.nps.gov/thko/learn/historyculture/kosciuszkobio.htm
[6] “Partition of Poland.” Written and fact checked by the editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, britannica.com, 17 Oct. 2024.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Partitions-of-Poland
Picture attributions
By P. S. Burton - This file was derived from: Europe 1748-1766.png, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25910813
By ernstol - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35947143
By Bryan Rutherford - Own work, based on File:Europe 1748-1766 en.png, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=62921453
By Halibutt - Own workCorresponding maps available online:http://wlaczpolske.pl/pliczki/2030Map. Archived from the original on 18 July 2016., CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=40646 Did Prussia and Poland Help America Defeat Britain?](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/dGHv29QhzHA/mqdefault.jpg)

![Americas Most Common Last Names Explained
In this video, we look at the most common surnames of the United States and discuss their meaning and origins.
Find us here too!
Patreon: www.Patreon.com/Fireoflearning
Lucinox – Our Science Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCM2dfLR3BR0CHuePEDtxAZw
The following music performed by Kevin Macleod Available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.
Download available at incompetech.com
Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 in G, Movement I (Allegro), BWV 1049 [orig. by JS Bach]
Works Cited
[1] United States Census Bureau. “Frequently Occuring Surnames From the 2010 Census.” United States Census Bureau, 2010.
https://www.census.gov/topics/population/genealogy/data/2010_surnames.html
[2] Hanks, Patrick, editor. “Dictionary of American Family Names”. Oxford University Press, 2003. https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofamer0000unse_r0m5
[3] Smith, Eldson C. “New Dictionary of American Family Names.” Harper & Row Publishers, 1972. https://archive.org/details/newdictionaryofa00smi_sln/page/559/mode/2up?view=theater
[4] Robb, H. Amanda, Andrew Chesler. “Encylopedia of American Family Names.” Harper Collins Publishers, 1995.https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofam00robb/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater
Picture attributions:
By White Literary LLC, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14518529
By Willtron, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=290601
By Unknown artist - User:Jean-Pol GRANDMONT (2011), CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26280451
By Myself - Herby talk thyme - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4900784
By Vitor Oliveira from Torres Vedras, PORTUGAL - Monumento a João Rodrigues Cabrilho - Montalegre - Portugal, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=89767412
By Hchc2009 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=43152858
By Xabier Armendaritz - Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14786456
By Alex Neman - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=71268169 Americas Most Common Last Names Explained](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/dh0x0hcG8K8/mqdefault.jpg)

![What Was Prussia?
In this video, we look at Prussia, and explain what exactly it was, and how it fit into history.
Check us out here too!
Patreon: www.Patreon.com/Fireoflearning
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Fire-Of-Learning-140814776119638/
Instagram: @Fire_of_Learning
Twitter: @Fire_Learning
Picture sources:
By User:52 Pickup - Based on map data of the IEG-Maps project (Andreas Kunz, B. Johnen and Joachim Robert Moeschl: University of Mainz) — http://www.ieg-maps.uni-mainz.de, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1415927
By MapMaster - Own work based on: a map by Marija Gimbutas, published in The Balts (1963) LCC 63018018. Available at Vaidilute.com. In addition to Gimbutas, other maps were also consulted:Libiesi Citu Senas Latvijas Cilsu Vidu (Livonians and other tribes of ancient Latvia 10th - 12th centuries) A map from the Latvijas Enciklopedja[dead link]Map at Emokykla.LTAnother map at Emokykla.LT, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1557341
By Ivo Kruusamägi - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0 ee, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=29099640
By Артур Орльонов - http://www.history-ua.org/gallery/show.php?id=466, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22296598
CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=604603
By Sir IainThis W3C-unspecified vector image was created with Inkscape. - Main source:Deutschland: 1618-1648, in: Josef Engel (ed.), Grosser Historischer Weltatlas, herausgegeben vom Bayerischen Schulbuch-Verlag: Dritter Teil, Neuzeit, Munich and Tübingen, 1967, p. 122.Other sources:Hessen-Kassel und Hessen-Darmstadt 1604-1638, in: Geschichtlicher Atlas von Hessen, url: http://www.lagis-hessen.de/de/subjects/idrec/sn/ga/id/25Hessen-Kassel in Nordwestdeutschland, in: Geschichtlicher Atlas von Hessen, url: http://www.lagis-hessen.de/de/subjects/idrec/sn/ga/id/39Braunsweich-Lüneburg im Jahre 1625, in: Gudrun Pischke (ed.), Geschichtlicher Handatlas von Niedersachsen, Neumünster, 1989, p. 35b.Carsten Porskorg Rasmussen (ed.), Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg, Neumünster, 2008, p. 21., CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37436820
By ziegelbrenner (talk • contribs) - Own work, source of Information: Putzger – Historischer Weltatlas, 89. Auflage, 1965, CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3537675
By Bryan Rutherford - Own work, based on File:Europe 1748-1766 en.png, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=62921453
By ziegelbrenner - own drawing/Source of Information: Putzger – Historischer Weltatlas, 89. Auflage, 1965; Westermanns Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte, 1969; Haacks geographischer Atlas. VEB Hermann Haack Geographisch-Kartographische Anstalt, Gotha/Leipzig, 1. Auflage, 1979., CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1647788
By ziegelbrenner, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3414903
By ziegelbrenner - own drawing/Source of Information: Putzger – Historischer Weltatlas, 89. Auflage, 1965, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3387306 What Was Prussia?](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/dumUTrqdyUA/mqdefault.jpg)


![Why Didnt Florida Join The American Revolution?
In this video, we take a look at what Florida was doing during the American War of Independence, and explain why it was that they remained loyal to the British crown.
Find us here too!
Patreon: www.Patreon.com/Fireoflearning
Lucinox – Our Science Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCM2dfLR3BR0CHuePEDtxAZw
The following music performed by Kevin Macleod Available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.
Download available at incompetech.com
Sardana
These songs provided by the YouTube audio library
Sarabande – Joel Cummins
Spanish Rose – Chris Haugen
Roast Beef of Old England – US Marine Corps Band
Sources and Further Reading
[1] Brevard, Caroline Mays. “A History of Florida.” American Book Company, 1904, chapter 11. https://archive.org/details/historyofflorida00brevar/page/75/mode/1up
[2] Williams, Linda K. “East Florida as a Loyalist Haven.” The Florida Historical Quarterly, vol. 54, no. 4, 1976, pp. 465–78. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/30147362.
[3] “The British Period (1763-1784)”. NPS.org, Castillo de San Marcos, the National Park Service, 20 April, 2022. https://www.nps.gov/casa/learn/historyculture/the-british-period.htm#:~:text=Florida%20remained%20a%20loyalist%20stronghold,culture%20in%20the%20other%20colonies.
[4] “History of Florida.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Florida
[5] Brotemarkle, Ben. “Floridas Importance in the Revolutionary War Largely Overlooked.” Florida Frontiers, 18 October 2016. Uploaded to MyFloridaHistory.org, the Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/frontiers/article/135
Picture Attributions
By Lencer - "own work", used Caribbean map blank.png, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1813372
By Richard Zietz - Richard Zietz, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=64608165 Why Didnt Florida Join The American Revolution?](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/fUY5POMuVmM/mqdefault.jpg)

![Frederick The Great - Biography
In this video, we discuss the life of Frederick II The Great, king of Prussia, and what made him Great.
Find us here too!
Patreon: www.Patreon.com/Fireoflearning
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Fire-Of-Lear...
Instagram: @Fire_of_Learning
Twitter: @Fire_Learning
Music performed by Kevin Macleod, listed here
Kevin MacLeod ~ Egmont Overture [original composer: Ludwig van Beethoven]
https://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1200069
Kevin MacLeod ~ The Descent
https://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1200094
Music by Kevin MacLeod (original composer: J. S. Bach). Available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license https://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100303
Picture sources
By ernstol - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35193655
By P. S. Burton - This file was derived from: Europe 1748-1766.png, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25910813
By Mbzt - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26872093
By Cezary Piwowarski - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2143563 Frederick The Great - Biography](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/fhlLjyNG_N4/mqdefault.jpg)