Uploaded July 2026 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago

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In January 1941, the Kriegsmarine prepared Operation Berlin, a breakout into the North Atlantic by the fast capital ships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau under Vice Admiral Günther Lütjens. Britain depended on Atlantic convoys to keep food, fuel, and war material moving across the ocean, while German surface raiders were ordered to avoid major fleet action and strike merchant shipping where escort cover was weakest.

Operation Berlin turned into a long ocean hunt as two German warships tried to turn the Battle of the Atlantic into a surface raider campaign.

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