Uploaded October 2025 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
In this Flashcard Friday follow-up to Tuesday’s interview with Dr. Kanisorn Wongsrichanalai of the Massachusetts Historical Society, we revisit the numbers that changed the course of history. During the Revolutionary War, smallpox was more dangerous to the Continental Army than the British. By comparing mortality rates, George Washington made a bold, science-driven choice: inoculate his troops. The math was simple but profound, 30% risk of death without inoculation versus just 2% with it. This decision helped save the Revolution.
In this episode, we reiterate Dr. Wongsrichanalai’s quote: “do the math, believe the science, and learn your history.” From spotting misleading anecdotes to recognizing reliable sources, and from Washington’s decision to Edward Jenner’s breakthrough, today’s lesson is that evidence and history are our best guides when confronting fear and misinformation.
Three Things You’ll Learn
How arithmetic saved an army — Why the difference between 30% and 2% mortality mattered more than opinions. How to vet science today — Which sources are reliable and why consensus matters more than a single flashy headline. What history teaches us about vaccines — From smallpox inoculation to global eradication, the past shows us how trust in evidence safeguards survival. Resources Mentioned
Massachusetts Historical Society World Health Organization (WHO) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) Explore more on our website: mathsciencehistory.com To buy my book Hypatia: The Sum of Her Life on Amazon, visit https://a.co/d/g3OuP9h
Let’s Connect!Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/mathsciencehistory.bsky.social Instagram: instagram.com/math.science.history Facebook: facebook.com/mathsciencehistory LinkedIn: linkedin.com/company/math-science-history Threads: threads.com/@math.science.history Mastodon: https://mathsciencehistory@mathstodon.xyz YouTube: Math! Science! History! - YouTube Pinterest: pinterest.com/mathsciencehistory Enjoying the Podcast?
If you love Math, Science, History, here’s how you can help:🌟 Leave a review! It helps more people discover the show!📢 Share this episode with friends & fellow history buffs!🔔 Subscribe on your favorite podcast platform
☕ Support the Show: Coffee!! PayPal
🛍 Check out our merch: mathsciencehistory.com/the-store
🎵 Music: All music is public domain and has no Copyright and no rights reserved. Selections from The Little Prince by Lloyd Rodgers Until next time, carpe diem!
In this Flashcard Friday follow-up to Tuesday’s interview with Dr. Kanisorn Wongsrichanalai of the Massachusetts Historical Society, we revisit the numbers that changed the course of history. During the Revolutionary War, smallpox was more dangerous to the Continental Army than the British. By comparing mortality rates, George Washington made a bold, science-driven choice: inoculate his troops. The math was simple but profound, 30% risk of death without inoculation versus just 2% with it. This decision helped save the Revolution.
In this episode, we reiterate Dr. Wongsrichanalai’s quote: “do the math, believe the science, and learn your history.” From spotting misleading anecdotes to recognizing reliable sources, and from Washington’s decision to Edward Jenner’s breakthrough, today’s lesson is that evidence and history are our best guides when confronting fear and misinformation.
Three Things You’ll Learn
How arithmetic saved an army — Why the difference between 30% and 2% mortality mattered more than opinions. How to vet science today — Which sources are reliable and why consensus matters more than a single flashy headline. What history teaches us about vaccines — From smallpox inoculation to global eradication, the past shows us how trust in evidence safeguards survival. Resources Mentioned
Massachusetts Historical Society World Health Organization (WHO) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) Explore more on our website: mathsciencehistory.com To buy my book Hypatia: The Sum of Her Life on Amazon, visit https://a.co/d/g3OuP9h
Let’s Connect!Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/mathsciencehistory.bsky.social Instagram: instagram.com/math.science.history Facebook: facebook.com/mathsciencehistory LinkedIn: linkedin.com/company/math-science-history Threads: threads.com/@math.science.history Mastodon: https://mathsciencehistory@mathstodon.xyz YouTube: Math! Science! History! - YouTube Pinterest: pinterest.com/mathsciencehistory Enjoying the Podcast?
If you love Math, Science, History, here’s how you can help:🌟 Leave a review! It helps more people discover the show!📢 Share this episode with friends & fellow history buffs!🔔 Subscribe on your favorite podcast platform
☕ Support the Show: Coffee!! PayPal
🛍 Check out our merch: mathsciencehistory.com/the-store
🎵 Music: All music is public domain and has no Copyright and no rights reserved. Selections from The Little Prince by Lloyd Rodgers Until next time, carpe diem!







![Game Theory Explained: The History, Math, and Masterminds Behind It
In this episode, Im covering the fascinating origin story of game theory, the mathematical framework that explains how we make decisions when our choices depend on what others do. From the chess board to the Cold War, from traffic jams to Nobel Prizes, game theory is hiding everywhere in plain sight. I explore the brilliant, sometimes tortured minds of John von Neumann and John Nash, walk you through the elegant math of the minimax theorem and Nash equilibrium, and show you how these ideas have shaped economics, artificial intelligence, biology, and even nuclear diplomacy. Whether youre a math lover or just someone whos ever wondered why traffic jams form out of nowhere, this episode will completely change the way you see strategy, competition, and cooperation in everyday life.
What Youll Learn · The historical and mathematical context of the early 20th century that made game theory possible
· What a game actually means in the mathematical sense, and why its about far more than chess or poker
· Who John von Neumann was and how his 1928 minimax theorem became the cornerstone of game theory
· How John Nash, a young Princeton doctoral student, revolutionized the field with the Nash equilibrium
· Why the Prisoners Dilemma shows that rational individuals can end up with collectively bad outcomes
Quote from the Episode As far as I can see, there could be no theory of games without that theorem … I thought there was nothing worth publishing until the Minimax Theorem was proved. - John von Neumann
Episode Resources · von Neumann, John. Zur Theorie der Gesellschaftsspiele [On the Theory of Games of Strategy]. Mathematische Annalen 100 (1928): 295–320.
· Nash, John F. Equilibrium Points in N-Person Games. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 36 (1950): 48–49.
· Nasar, Sylvia. A Beautiful Mind: The Life of Mathematical Genius and Nobel Laureate John Nash. Simon & Schuster, 1998.
· The Nobel Prize, 1994 Economics Prize Press Release: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1994/press-release/
· Google DeepMind, AlphaGo at 10: https://deepmind.google/blog/10-years-of-alphago/
· Springer Nature, Quantum Game Theory Review (2025): https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11128-025-04913-4
· Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Evolutionary Game Theory: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/game-evolutionary/
· MathWorld, Minimax Theorem: https://archive.lib.msu.edu/crcmath/math/math/m/m254.htm
🔗 Explore more on our website: mathsciencehistory.com 📚 To buy my book Hypatia: The Sum of Her Life on Amazon, visit https://a.co/d/g3OuP9h
🌍 Let’s Connect!Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/mathsciencehistory.bsky.social Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/math.science.history Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mathsciencehistory LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/math-science-history/ Threads: https://www.threads.com/@math.science.history Mastodon: https://mathsciencehistory@mathstodon.xyz YouTube: Math! Science! History! - YouTube Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/mathsciencehistory
🎧 Enjoying the Podcast?
☕ Support the Show: Coffee!! PayPal
Leave a review! It helps more people discover the show! Share this episode with friends & fellow history buffs! Subscribe on your favorite podcast platform
Check out our merch: https://www.mathsciencehistory.com/the-store
Music: All music is public domain and has no Copyright and no rights reserved. Selections from The Little Prince by Lloyd Rodgers
I Love Math by Gabrielle Birchak – all rights reserved
The Secret to Growing Up by Lee Rosevere - public domain from Pixabay
Until next time, carpe diem! Game Theory Explained: The History, Math, and Masterminds Behind It](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/hdoTDsu7_lQ/mqdefault.jpg)


