JoshTheEngineer | Explained: Converging-Diverging Nozzle @JoshTheEngineer | Uploaded November 2017 | Updated October 2024, 1 hour ago.
Why do rocket engines look the way they do? In this video, I'll be explaining what a converging-diverging (CD) nozzle is, and how the flow changes as it passes through it.

See the Relevant Videos section below for some more in-depth videos on each of the flow states, including examples!

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===== NOTES =====
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► At 11:28, I say "so far, we have subsonic flow throughout the nozzle for all these cases." I meant to say that we have isentropic flow throughout the nozzle for all these cases.

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===== RELEVANT VIDEOS =====
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Pressure Ratio Delineations
goo.gl/VQnH1n

Normal Shock in the Nozzle Calculations
youtube.com/watch?v=b0wvwkKqoVw

Overexpanded Flow Calculations
Coming soon!

Underexpanded Flow Calculations
Coming soon!

Area-Mach Number Relation
goo.gl/j4FwQX

Sonic State (Critical, Star)
goo.gl/vhjESy

Normal Shock Relations
goo.gl/bhw6Ln

Isentropic Relations
goo.gl/mkdNHd

Stagnation Relations
goo.gl/hBY2AV

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===== RELEVANT BLOG POST =====
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joshtheengineer.com/2016/11/16/solving-the-area-mach-number-relation

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===== REFERENCES =====
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► Notes by Matt MacLean
► Modern Compressible Flow, Anderson
Amazon Link: goo.gl/9B7F8H
► Elements of Gasdynamics, Liepmann and Roshko
Amazon Link: goo.gl/brfScu
► Gas Dynamics, Zucrow and Hoffman
Amazon Link: goo.gl/mwLk8L

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===== THUMBNAIL IMAGE =====
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By NASA (NIX #: MSFC-0201422. [1], Alt. URL.) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons