Uploaded June 2019 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
Dr Alistair Humphrey has a dire warning for our descendants and future users of Canterbury’s world-renowned drinking water, “pollution could render it undrinkable in 100 years.”
In the latest**Frank Film**episode - Dairy farming and the water we drink - Dr Humphrey warns of the risk of nitrate contamination in Christchurch’s public water supply.
Speaking as the region’s Medical Officer of Health, Dr Humphrey assures residents their drinking water is currently safe to consume. His fear is for the future, and a predicted nitrate influx.
“Modelling from Environment Canterbury shows that nitrates on the north side of the Waimakariri River are flowing underneath that river towards the Christchurch urban drinking water supply,” says Humphrey. “There is a 75% chance that nitrate levels will increase significantly in the urban water supply in the next century.”
Christchurch’s alpine-fed, aquifer-purified water system is unique in New Zealand and, according to river engineer, Rob Blakely, there are few systems like it in the world.
“The fact that it comes out of the mountains, the snow covered mountains, and it flows across these wonderful plains with lots and lots of layers of gravel, hundreds if not thousands of feet deep.” says Blakely.
“When we draw water out of the aquifers of this river we’re getting the most beautiful, pristine water you could ever imagine. We need to be very careful that the water flowing into this river system is kept clean.”
Easier said than done, with a 1.3 million dairy cattle now grazing the Canterbury plains.
“Nitrogen is applied to improve poor quality soils,” explains Humphrey. “Cows excrete nitrogen as nitrate onto the paddock and into our aquifers.”
He warns that nitrates are already showing up in shallow, private bores throughout Canterbury and at levels above the World Health Organisation’s maximum allowable value of 11.3 mg per litre.
Water filter retailer, Sue Kelly, says reverse osmosis filters, imported from the United States and costing over $1200 NZD, remove nitrates from drinking water. She says hundreds of the under-bench units have been sold, and since a Danish study was released public awareness has grown further.
The study of 2.7 million people, found a link between nitrates in drinking water and incidence of bowel cancer.
Dr Humphrey has scrutinised the research, and says “the study accounted for all those other variables that may also give rise to bowel cancer, nonetheless it showed that nitrates in drinking water are a considerable contributor to this deadly and debilitating disease.”
He’d like to see the study replicated in New Zealand.
He’d also like to see a concerted effort to reduce cow numbers in Canterbury.
For more Frank stories visit frankfilm.co.nz
Dr Alistair Humphrey has a dire warning for our descendants and future users of Canterbury’s world-renowned drinking water, “pollution could render it undrinkable in 100 years.”
In the latest**Frank Film**episode - Dairy farming and the water we drink - Dr Humphrey warns of the risk of nitrate contamination in Christchurch’s public water supply.
Speaking as the region’s Medical Officer of Health, Dr Humphrey assures residents their drinking water is currently safe to consume. His fear is for the future, and a predicted nitrate influx.
“Modelling from Environment Canterbury shows that nitrates on the north side of the Waimakariri River are flowing underneath that river towards the Christchurch urban drinking water supply,” says Humphrey. “There is a 75% chance that nitrate levels will increase significantly in the urban water supply in the next century.”
Christchurch’s alpine-fed, aquifer-purified water system is unique in New Zealand and, according to river engineer, Rob Blakely, there are few systems like it in the world.
“The fact that it comes out of the mountains, the snow covered mountains, and it flows across these wonderful plains with lots and lots of layers of gravel, hundreds if not thousands of feet deep.” says Blakely.
“When we draw water out of the aquifers of this river we’re getting the most beautiful, pristine water you could ever imagine. We need to be very careful that the water flowing into this river system is kept clean.”
Easier said than done, with a 1.3 million dairy cattle now grazing the Canterbury plains.
“Nitrogen is applied to improve poor quality soils,” explains Humphrey. “Cows excrete nitrogen as nitrate onto the paddock and into our aquifers.”
He warns that nitrates are already showing up in shallow, private bores throughout Canterbury and at levels above the World Health Organisation’s maximum allowable value of 11.3 mg per litre.
Water filter retailer, Sue Kelly, says reverse osmosis filters, imported from the United States and costing over $1200 NZD, remove nitrates from drinking water. She says hundreds of the under-bench units have been sold, and since a Danish study was released public awareness has grown further.
The study of 2.7 million people, found a link between nitrates in drinking water and incidence of bowel cancer.
Dr Humphrey has scrutinised the research, and says “the study accounted for all those other variables that may also give rise to bowel cancer, nonetheless it showed that nitrates in drinking water are a considerable contributor to this deadly and debilitating disease.”
He’d like to see the study replicated in New Zealand.
He’d also like to see a concerted effort to reduce cow numbers in Canterbury.
For more Frank stories visit frankfilm.co.nz









![Frank Film asks what it’s like to be trans in Aotearoa New Zealand
“As soon as the testosterone started hitting, and as soon as I started to feel that I looked more male, things just started to make sense,” says Nick Winchester, who came out as as a trans man at 27. “I stopped feeling like I was fighting with my body every day, and I stopped feeling like everything was so hard.”
Winchester, a business consultant, says his energy and enthusiasm for life has redoubled since transitioning. And, seeing him bound through the golden Port Hills tussocks with his dog, Rogue, his joie de vivre is clear.
Jennifer Shields, the healthcare lead at QTopia, says that Winchester’s post-transition contentment is a common feeling – known as gender euphoria. “[It’s] that moment where who you are is really in sync with how you’re feeling and looking, and how people see you and describe you. Everything just clicks.”
Gender euphoria doesn’t have to come from medical transition, says Shields – often it comes simply from feeling supported by friends, family and community. Small acts of consideration, like using someone’s preferred pronouns, can have a profound impact.
Family support has contributed to Winchester’s self-confidence. “[Mum has] very much become a supporter. When I was running Kindred, an organisation for mentoring trans youth, she would come and give talks to the kids.”
It took both Winchester and Shields a long time to understand and accept that they were trans. Shields came out as a trans woman in her second year at university. “There are so many moments, looking back, where I could have identified it earlier, if I’d had the understanding.”
“I tried really hard to make the best of what I had,” Winchester says, of his life before he transitioned. “But I couldn’t get happy with my body. It never felt like it was me.” Now, Shields and Winchester are both openly trans. Although living authentically has made them both happier and more confident, they say that transitioning doesn’t come without risks.
It’s now a few weeks after anti-trans activist Posie Parker’s visit to New Zealand was met with nationwide protests. Since Parker’s arrival, there has been a documented surge of online hate towards the trans community.
Winchester has observed a large amount of online abuse towards people who are openly trans, including death threats. “That feels, definitely, like it’s increasing.” He says some of the abuse is horrific, with phrases like “extermination season” being used.
Shields agrees that things are “full-on” at the moment. “But what we’re seeing is a really vocal minority, particularly in online spaces.”
According to the Disinformation Project, there’s a significant overlap between anti-vaccine and anti-trans online groups. Transphobic rhetoric often originates in the United States, and is parroted in New Zealand online spaces. One common accusation is that trans women transition purely to gain access to womens’ bathrooms and commit sexual assault.
“We know from organisations like Women’s Refuge and Rape Crisis that this just doesn’t happen,” says Shields. “Trans people are much more likely to be the victims of violence than the perpetrators. A lot of what they’re saying about trans people now is exactly the same as what was once said about gay people.”
Winchester and Shields lead busy, fulfilled lives. Winchester bikes, walks or runs through the hills whenever he gets the chance. Shields practises vintage photography in her spare time: two favourite subjects are her cats and her partner’s flower garden.
Even so, like many trans people in Aotearoa, both admit to moments of fear and vulnerability.
“It’s a community that’s pretty over-represented, sadly, in stats around self-harm, suicide, substance abuse, and homelessness,” says Shields. “But we know that that isn’t inherent to the community. It comes as a result of having to exist in a world that doesn’t see you for who you are.”
“I’m tired and I’m scared,” says Winchester. “And if I’ve been doing this for 12 years and I’m tired and scared, I can only imagine how it feels for someone who’s just starting out.”
“We genuinely just want to live our lives.”
Credits:
Producer/Director: Gerard Smyth
Editor: Oliver Dawe
Researcher/Writer: Nicole Phillipson
Production Manager: Jo Ffitch
Post-Production Coordinator: Andy Johnson
Sound Design and Mix: Chris Sinclair Frank Film asks what it’s like to be trans in Aotearoa New Zealand](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Zcz7cVxXEbI/mqdefault.jpg)
