Uploaded April 2020 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago

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Measuring the curvature of a space takes parallel transport and the Riemann curvature tensor (General Relativity). Let's explore this using Flatland and Lineland, an old tool involving lower-dimensional spaces. Brilliant for 20% off: brilliant.org/ScienceAsylum
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VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS

The Ultimate Guide to Relativity:
youtu.be/FdWMM6aXpYE

What the HECK is a Tensor?!?
youtu.be/bpG3gqDM80w

How Elastic is the Fabric of the Universe?
youtu.be/DDwlDZidLSg
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RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS

PBS Space Time on Space Curvature:
youtu.be/D3GVVkPb3OI

Flatland by Carl Sagan:
youtu.be/N0WjV6MmCyM

Flatland by "What The Bleep?"
youtu.be/sEVEKL1Fbx0
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OTHER SOURCES

http://www.physics.ucc.ie/apeer/PY4112/Curvature.pdf
https://web.stanford.edu/~oas/SI/SRGR/notes/SRGRLect8_2012.pdf
https://www.asc.ohio-state.edu/mathur.16/grsolprob3.pdf
http://www.physics.usu.edu/Wheeler/GenRel/Lectures/2Sphere.pdf
preposterousuniverse.com/grnotes
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LINKS TO COMMENTS

youtube.com/watch?v=DDwlDZidLSg&lc=UgxQxbcX2bKf48i60oR4AaABAg
youtube.com/watch?v=DDwlDZidLSg&lc=UgxYGriPCFHfKBa37OF4AaABAg
youtube.com/watch?v=DDwlDZidLSg&lc=UgyakYv7jNKAaujfrWd4AaABAg
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IMAGE CREDITS

Earth by GOES-16:
nesdis.noaa.gov/content/goes-16-color-composite-images