Uploaded April 2015 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago
096 - Conservation of Angular Momentum
In this video Paul Andersen explains that the angular momentum of a system will be conserved as long as there is no net external torque. Both point objects and extended objects are covered along with several examples.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
bozemanscience.com/translations
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
deerstop, original photograph: K. “bird” N. derivative work: Camel Spin Performed by Yukina Ota at the 2003 NHK Trophy., May 7, 2009. Yukina_Ota_2003_NHK_Trophy_2.jpg. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Camel_spin.png.
Wikiscient. English: Related to File Globespin.gif Simply Turning It into Plain Colours, September 16, 2011. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Globespin.gif. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spinning_globe.gif.
096 - Conservation of Angular Momentum
In this video Paul Andersen explains that the angular momentum of a system will be conserved as long as there is no net external torque. Both point objects and extended objects are covered along with several examples.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
bozemanscience.com/translations
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
deerstop, original photograph: K. “bird” N. derivative work: Camel Spin Performed by Yukina Ota at the 2003 NHK Trophy., May 7, 2009. Yukina_Ota_2003_NHK_Trophy_2.jpg. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Camel_spin.png.
Wikiscient. English: Related to File Globespin.gif Simply Turning It into Plain Colours, September 16, 2011. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Globespin.gif. commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spinning_globe.gif.

![Ideal Gas Law
131 - Ideal Gas Law
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the pressure, volume, amount, and temperature of an ideal gas are related. Absolute zero of a gas can be determined by varying the temperature and measuring the corresponding volume of a gas sample. Several examples including Boyles and Charles Law are included.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/translations/
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
“Absolute Zero.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, May 12, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Absolute_zero&oldid=662075935.
“Boomerang Nebula.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, February 13, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boomerang_Nebula&oldid=646876689.
“Ideal Gas Law.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, May 12, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ideal_gas_law&oldid=662028114.
Jlpons. English: Elastic Collision within an Ideal Gas, [object HTMLTableCellElement]. Own work. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gaz_molecules.gif.
USA, Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park. These Are Two of My Favorite Things…, February 28, 2010. Pipes + Wires. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bose-Einstein_condensate,_a_cloud_of_super-cooled_Rubidium_atoms_in_a_Laser_trap_on_an_Optical_table In_a_game_of_catch_%26_release,_the_atoms_will_shoot_up_a_30_ft._tall_Atomic_fountain Stanford.jpg. Ideal Gas Law](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ir64EcRkf5Q/mqdefault.jpg)


![Environmental Systems
002 - Environmental Systems
Water: https://youtu.be/iOOvX0jmhJ4
pH: https://youtu.be/rIvEvwViJGk
Biological Molecules: https://youtu.be/PYH63o10iTE
In this video Paul Andersen explains how matter and energy are conserved within the Earths system. Matter is a closed system and Energy is open to the surroundings. In natural systems steady state is maintained through feedback loops but can be be affected by human society.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/translations/
Music Attribution
Intro
Title: I4dsong_loop_main.wav
Artist: CosmicD
Link to sound: http://www.freesound.org/people/CosmicD/sounds/72556/
Creative Commons Atribution License
Outro
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
2006, Photo by Johntex. English: Man Sitting under Beach Umbrella., February 18, 2006. Johntex. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Man_sitting_under_beach_umbrella.JPG.
“Circular Graphic of Business Cycle or Circuit - Free Business Icons.” Flaticon. Accessed August 23, 2015. www.flaticon.com/free-icon/circular-graphic-of-business-cycle-or-circuit_45323.
College, OpenStax. English: Illustration from Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web Site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013., May 16, 2013. Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:206_Electron_Shells-01.jpg.
DePiep. English: Category Colors according to - Diatomic Nonmetals. See En:wp., August 14, 2013. Own work. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Periodic_table_(polyatomic).svg.
DynaBlast. Covalently Bonded Hydrogen and Carbon in a W:molecule of Methane., January 28, 2006. Created with Inkscape. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Covalent.svg.
Eastland, Jessie. English: Sunset, Joshua Tree California, USA., July 20, 2012. Own work. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Actual_Sunset.jpg.
Ebaychatter0. English: Sport Car, October 3, 2012. Own work. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orange_sport_car.svg.
France, Chad Teer from Coquitlam. Offshore Platform Located in the Gulf of Mexico, Port Location Cd. Del Carmen., October 22, 2004. Flickr.com - image description page. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gulf_Offshore_Platform.jpg.
“Gasoline.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, August 19, 2015. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gasoline&oldid=676894788.
https://github.com/Ranks/emojione/graphs/contributors. English: A Colored Emoji from Emojione Project, [object HTMLTableCellElement]. https://github.com/Ranks/emojione. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emojione_1F6C1.svg.
“James Prescott Joule.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, July 29, 2015. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Prescott_Joule&oldid=673687877.
Kulenov, Zhanat. English: The Aral Sea Is Drying Up. Bay of Zhalanash, Ship Cemetery, Aralsk, Kazakhstan, April 11, 2006. UNESCO. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Aral_sea_is_drying_up._Bay_of_Zhalanash,_Ship_Cemetery,_Aralsk,_Kazakhstan.jpg.
“Lake.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, August 21, 2015. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lake&oldid=677085416.
MODIS, NASA images by Reto Stöckli, based on data from NASA and NOAA Instrument: Terra-. Polski: Mozaika Zdjęć Półkuli Zachodniej, Zrzutowana Na Sferę I Poddana Obróbce., October 2, 2007. Earth Observatory: Twin Blue Marbles. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blue_Marble_Western_Hemisphere.jpg.
“Molecular Configuration - Free Education Icons.” Flaticon. Accessed August 22, 2015. www.flaticon.com/free-icon/molecular-configuration_68084.
Producercunningham, NASA Collage by. English: A Comparison of the Aral Sea in 1989 (left) and 2014 (right)., September 30, 2014. 1989: aral sea 1989 250m File:Aralsea tmo 2014231 lrg.jpg. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AralSea1989_2014.jpg.
“Recycle Reuse - Free Arrows Icons.” Flaticon. Accessed August 22, 2015. www.flaticon.com/free-icon/recycle-reuse_25274.
Roscoe, Henry. Picture of James Joule, 1906. The Life & Experiences of Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe (Macmillan: London and New York), p. 120. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joule_James_sitting.jpg.
Wikipedia, The original uploader was Adz at English. Daintree Rainforest. Photo Taken June 2005. Uploaded with Permission., August 13, 2005. Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Daintree_Rainforest.JPG. Environmental Systems](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/jfgE-LAJ8fA/mqdefault.jpg)


![Doppler Effect
108 - Doppler Effect
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the perceived frequency of a source depends on the motion of both the source and the observer. As a source approaches an observer the frequency will increase and as it moves away it will decrease. The same will occur for a moving observer. All waves (sound, water, and light) will experience the Doppler Effect.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/translations/
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
1. “Doppler Effect.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, April 13, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doppler_effect&oldid=656300445.
2. “Doppler Effect.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, April 13, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doppler_effect&oldid=656300445.
3. “Doppler Effect.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, April 13, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doppler_effect&oldid=656300445.
4. “Edwin Hubble.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, April 10, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Hubble&oldid=655757644.
5. “Edwin Hubble.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, April 10, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Hubble&oldid=655757644.
6. “File:Speeding-Car-Horn Doppler Effect Sample.ogg.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed April 15, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Speeding-car-horn_doppler_effect_sample.ogg.
7. Tošovský, Aleš. En: Redshift and Blueshift of Light by Doppler Effect., March 27, 2006. Own work. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Redshift_blueshift.svg.
8. Wiora, Georg. Deutsch: Rotverschiebung von Spektrallinien Im Optischen Spektrum Des Weit Entfernten Superhaufens BAS11 (rechts) Im Vergleich Mit Dem Sonnenspektrum (links).English: Absorption Lines in the Optical Spectrum of a Supercluster of Distant Galaxies (BAS11) (right), as Compared to Those in the Optical Spectrum of the Sun (left). Arrows Indicating Redshift.Español: Líneas de Absorción En El Espectro Visible de Un Supercúmulo de Galaxias Distantes (BAS11) (derecha), Comparadas Con Aquellas En El Espectro Visible Del Sol (izquierda). Las Flechas Indican El Corrimiento Al rojo.Nederlands: Roodverschuiving Te Zien in de Spectraallijnen van Een Supercluster Verre Sterren (BAS11, Rechts), Vergeleken Met Die van de zon.Tiếng Việt: Dịch Chuyển Đỏ, November 27, 2005. Removed jpg-quality degradation from Image:Redshift.jpg. Based on a public domain image created by Harold T. Stokes [1], and amended by Ian Tresman. Original upload in English Wikipedia by Iantresman. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Redshift.png. Doppler Effect](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/kdiHmSWI2Ks/mqdefault.jpg)
![Wave Model of an Electron
135 - Wave Model of an Electron
The wave model of the electron can be used to explain the Bohr model. Electrons are found in certain orbits because they interfere with themselves and create standing waves. When the wavelengths don’t match up with a whole integer they will create destructive interference. When electrons fall to a lower orbit they emit a photon. They can move to a higher orbit by absorbing an identical photon.
Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos:
http://www.bozemanscience.com/translations/
Music Attribution
Title: String Theory
Artist: Herman Jolly
http://sunsetvalley.bandcamp.com/track/string-theory
All of the images are licensed under creative commons and public domain licensing:
Chrisdesign. A Gibson Les Paul Guitar with Warm Flametopfinish., July 18, 2007. http://www.openclipart.org/detail/4444 (slightly tweaked and optimized by uploader). http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LP_Guitar_with_flametopfinish.svg.
English: Colorful Spectrum simulationEspañol: Espectro de Colores de La Luz visibleEsperanto: Koloroj Videblaj中文(简体): 软件模拟的可见光谱。中文(繁體): 軟件模擬的可見光譜。, August 27, 2008. Digitally created by Deborah S Krolls, December 13, 2004. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spectrum4websiteEval.png.
en.wikipedia, Original uplo:JabberWok]] at. A Vector Graphic Similar of an Image Originally Created by en:User:PAR, of the en:Bohr Model., February 23, 2007. Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bohr-atom-PAR.svg.
Foundation, CK-12. English: The Standing Wave on the Left Exactly Fits in the Electron Cloud and Hence Represents an “Allowed” Energy Level Whereas the Standing Wave on the Right Does Not Fit in the Electron Cloud and Therefore Is Not an “Allowed” Energy Level., February 22, 2010. File:High School Chemistry.pdf, page 238. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Standing_wave_electron_cloud.png.
“Gas-Filled Tube.” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, January 31, 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gas-filled_tube&oldid=634245710.
“Guitar Harmonics A Minor .wav by Panta_rei.” Freesound.org. Accessed April 21, 2015. http://www.freesound.org/people/panta_rei/sounds/115105/.
Kurzon. English: A Simple Illustration of Bohr’s Model of the Atom, with an Electron Making Quantum Leaps., April 14, 2014. Own work. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bohr_atom_animation.gif.
standwave2.gif, n.d. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Standing_wave_2.gif. Wave Model of an Electron](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/kpa_HO6yy18/mqdefault.jpg)

