Uploaded October 2020 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
Fernão de Magalhães (Ferdinand Magellan) led Spanish Armada de Molucca, commisioned by the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V in search of wetern route to spice island of Molucca (Maluku), avoiding the Tordesillas treaty as eastern route has been granted to Portugal.
After arriving in Cebu island in visaya region, Magellan was entangled in local rivalry between Rajah Humabon, ruler of the kingdom of Sugbu (Cebu) who already acknowledge Spanish overlordship and Datu si Lapu lapu, chief of Mactan who resist spanish subjugation, as well as Rajah Humabon overlordship.
On 27 April 1521, Magellan and 60 of his fully armed conquistadors landed on Mactan island. Dozen of his men remained in the ships as Magellan did not trust them.
Conquistadors were fully armored and equipped with latest weapons in europe, notably muskets, crossbows, sword, spear and small cannon on their landing boat.
Mactan people revered Datu Lapu lapu, and around 1500 warriors readily fight for Mactan and Lapu Lapu.
Mactn warrior were equipped with wooden shield, sword, scimitar, iron tipped bamboo spear, bow and poisoned arrows.
Lapu lapu organize his foces into three division, one up front an two flanking the conquistadr from both side.
Initially onquistadors set fire to the village, to terrify the mactan people. Instead mactan warrior became furious and charged.
Musket fire did not deter the warriors, as visayans were already familiar with gunpower weapon, notably malay lantaka, javanese cetbang and chinese pao.
as conquistadors were fully armed, mactan warrior concentrate their attack on unprotected leg of the spaniards. Attacking them with arrow, spear & sword.
Magellan and his men were pinned down in 3 direction and overwhelmed. As Magellan were overconfident, and dismissing the help of Rajah Humabon and the rest of his mutinous crew.
Datu Lapu lapu and mactan warrior killed Magellan, while surviving conquistadors flee to their ships. His resistance foiled intial spanish attempt to subugate the islands.
clip taken from :
Lupang Hinirang - Philipine national anthem GMA 7 (2010)
Conquistadores: Adventvm (2017)
Magellan – 5 entscheidende Schritte zur Weltumsegelung (2020)
A Malay and Magellan (2016)
Ruta Maritima de la Seda (2011)
The King Maker (2005)
Rambo IV (2008)
Fernão de Magalhães (Ferdinand Magellan) led Spanish Armada de Molucca, commisioned by the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V in search of wetern route to spice island of Molucca (Maluku), avoiding the Tordesillas treaty as eastern route has been granted to Portugal.
After arriving in Cebu island in visaya region, Magellan was entangled in local rivalry between Rajah Humabon, ruler of the kingdom of Sugbu (Cebu) who already acknowledge Spanish overlordship and Datu si Lapu lapu, chief of Mactan who resist spanish subjugation, as well as Rajah Humabon overlordship.
On 27 April 1521, Magellan and 60 of his fully armed conquistadors landed on Mactan island. Dozen of his men remained in the ships as Magellan did not trust them.
Conquistadors were fully armored and equipped with latest weapons in europe, notably muskets, crossbows, sword, spear and small cannon on their landing boat.
Mactan people revered Datu Lapu lapu, and around 1500 warriors readily fight for Mactan and Lapu Lapu.
Mactn warrior were equipped with wooden shield, sword, scimitar, iron tipped bamboo spear, bow and poisoned arrows.
Lapu lapu organize his foces into three division, one up front an two flanking the conquistadr from both side.
Initially onquistadors set fire to the village, to terrify the mactan people. Instead mactan warrior became furious and charged.
Musket fire did not deter the warriors, as visayans were already familiar with gunpower weapon, notably malay lantaka, javanese cetbang and chinese pao.
as conquistadors were fully armed, mactan warrior concentrate their attack on unprotected leg of the spaniards. Attacking them with arrow, spear & sword.
Magellan and his men were pinned down in 3 direction and overwhelmed. As Magellan were overconfident, and dismissing the help of Rajah Humabon and the rest of his mutinous crew.
Datu Lapu lapu and mactan warrior killed Magellan, while surviving conquistadors flee to their ships. His resistance foiled intial spanish attempt to subugate the islands.
clip taken from :
Lupang Hinirang - Philipine national anthem GMA 7 (2010)
Conquistadores: Adventvm (2017)
Magellan – 5 entscheidende Schritte zur Weltumsegelung (2020)
A Malay and Magellan (2016)
Ruta Maritima de la Seda (2011)
The King Maker (2005)
Rambo IV (2008)


![Kemaharajaan Sriwijaya
Ilustrasi Sejarah Kerajaan/Kemaharajaan/Kedatuan Sriwijaya (Srivijaya Empire)
650 M - Kemungkinanan berdirinya kerajaan Sriwijaya.(?)
671 M - Biksu I Tsing/ Yi Jing dai China (Dinasti Tang) belajar di Sriwijaya selama 6 bulan dalam perjalanannya menuju Universitas Buddha di Nalanda, India Timur.[2]
683 M - Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa memimpin 20.000 pasukan bergerak dari laut dan darat, berangkat Palembang menuju Jambi menaklukkan kerajaan Jambi (Prasasti Kedukan Bukit)(Sumber Dinasti Tang Hsin T’ang-shu)
684 M - Pembangunan taman Sriksetra di Bukit Seguntang, Palembang (taman Botani) (Prasasti Talang Tuo)
686 M - Raja Sriwijaya melakukan ekspansi ke pulau Bangka dan melakukan ekspedisi militer ke Jawa (Tarumanegara & Kalingga ?), yang belum tunduk di bawah kekuasaan Sriwijaya.(Prasasti Kota Kapur)
awal abad ke-7 - Dapunta Salendra berkuasa di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah.(Prasasti Sojomerto)
775 M - Kekuasaan Sriwijaya dibawah dinasti Sailendra meluas hingga ke selatan thailand (Nakhon Si Thammarat & Pattani) dibawah kepemimpinan Raja Dharmasetu yang membangun kuil Buddha di Ligor, Thailand Selatan.(Prasasti Ligor, Thailand)
Dinasti Sailendra (Raja Dharanindra) juga mulai membangun Borobudur di Pulau Jawa. (Prasasti Karangtengah)
Abad ke-7 - Kekuasaan Sriwijaya meluas hingga delta sungai Mekong di Kamboja. Raja Samagrawira menunjuk Jayavarman II untuk mewakili pemerintahan shailendra di Indrapura, Kamboja.(The Stele of Sdok Kak Thom)
767 M - Sriwijaya melakukan penyerangan ke pesisir kerajaan Dai Viet (Vietnam Utara)[1]
787 M - Sriwijaya melakukan penyerangan ke pesisir kerajaan Champa (Vietnam Selatan)[1]
802 M - Jayawarman II memberontak terhadap kekuasaan Sailendra dan mengangkat dirinya sebagai raja, dari kerajaan Khmer di Kamboja bebas dari pengaruh Sriwijaya-Sailendra di Jawa.(The Stele of Sdok Kak Thom)
830 M - Pelaut dan keluarganya (+- bersama 30 wanita) dari Wilayah Sriwijaya mendirikan koloni di Madagaskar, Afrika.[3]
852 M - Raja Sailendra di Jawa, Balaputradewa kalah dalam peperangan terhadap Rakai Pikatan yang memberontak terhadap kekuasaan Sriwijaya-Sailendra. Balaputradewa kalah kemudian mundur ke Palembang dan tetap melanjutkan pemerintahan kerajaan Sriwijaya.
860 M - Raja Sriwijaya, Balaputradewa mendirikan kuil Buddha di Nalanda di India Timur. (Nalanda Inscription)
937 M - Sriwijaya menyerang kerajaan Medang di Jawa, Pasukan Sriwijaya berhasil dipukul mundur oleh Mpu Sindok (Prasasti Anjuk Ladang)
990 M - Kerajaan Medang menyerang balik kerajaan Sriwijaya, namun serangan ini berhasil dipukul mundur oleh Sriwijaya.[1]
1006 M - Kerajaan Medang menyerang kembali kerajaan Sriwijaya, namun serangan ini berhasil dipukul mundur oleh Sriwijaya lagi [1]
Sri Maravijayottungavarman, raja Sriwijaya, mendirikan wihara Chudamanivarmavihara di Nagapattinam, India, wilayah kerajaan Chola.
1016 M - Sriwijaya menyerang kembali kerajaan Medang, Istana Watugaluh berhasil dihancurkan dan Raja Dharmawangsa beserta mayoritas keluarganya terbunuh.[1]
1013 M - Biksu Atisha, dari Bengal (Banglades) belajar kepada biksu Suvarnadvipi (Serlingpa) dan menetap di Sriwijaya (Sumatra) selama 12 tahun dan pulang ke India/Banglades pada 1025 M.[7]
1025 M - Sriwijaya (palembang) beserta 11 kota di wilayah sriwijaya (Sumatra dan Semenanjung Malaya) lainnya diserang oleh armada Kerajaan Chola, India, dibawah pimpinan Rajendra Chola I. Raja Sriwijaya Sangrama Vijayatunggavarma berhasil ditangkap oleh Pasukan Chola (Tanjore Inscription).
Kota yang diserang :
Sriwijaya (Palembang),Pannai (Pane, Sumatra Utara), Ilangsoka (Langkasuka, Thailand selatan), Malaiyur (Jambi), Mayirudingam (Chaiya, Thailand Selatan), Mapappalam (Myanmar Selatan),Kadaram(Kedah, Malaysia), Talaittakkolam (Takuapa, Thailand Selatan), Ilāmuridēśam (Lamuri, Aceh), Nakkavaram (Kep. Nikobar, Utara Aceh),Mēviḷimbangam, Vaḷaippandūru, Mādamālingam (Mandailing, Sumatra Utara)
Sumber :
1. Coedès, Coedès, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, p. 100; and On the Origin of the Sailendras of Indonesia, Journal of the Greater India Society 1, 1934
2. I-Tsing, Chinese Monks in India, Biography of Eminent Monks Who Went to the Western World in Search of the Law During the Great tang Dynasty, Translated by Latika Lahiri, Delhi, etc.: Motilal Banarsidass, 1986
3. A small cohort of Island Southeast Asian women founded Madagascar. Murray P. Cox, Michael G. Nelson, Meryanne K. Tumonggor, François-X. Ricaut, Herawati Sudoyo
Published 21 March 2012, Proceedings of the Royal Society, Volume 279, Issue 1739.
4. O. W Wolters, The Fall of Srivijaya in Malay History, Cornell University Press; First Edition edition (1970)
5. D. G. E. Hall, A History of Southeast Asia, London: Macmillan Limited,1955
6. W. M. Sirisena, Sri Lanka and South-East Asia: Political, Religious and Cultural Relations from A.D. C. 1000 to C. 1500,Brill Archive (1978).
7. Atisa Dipamkara translated by Thupten Jinpa, The Book of Kadam, The Library of Tibetan Classics, Wisdom Publications, 2008. Kemaharajaan Sriwijaya](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/shnfDssDXp4/mqdefault.jpg)







