Uploaded August 2024 | Updated September 2026, 11 hours ago
In this video, we look at thermoregulation in endotherms. First we explore the roles of thermoreceptors and the thermoregulatory centre in the hypothalamus. We then look at how endotherms respond to an increase and decrease in core body temperature, including vasodilation and vasoconstriction. Finally, we look at adaptations of endotherms to hot and cold conditions.
Image credits:
Cat
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cat_Iran.jpg
درفش کاویانی, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Pigeon
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Feral_pigeon_2022_03_18_01.jpg
Alexis Lours, CC BY 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Human body
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_Body_1.jpg
Mikael Häggströmderivative work: Lamilli, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Marathon runner
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lydd_Half_Marathon_%26_20_Miler_2016_FNK_9168_(25509480890).jpg
Funk Dooby from Kent, UK, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Sweating
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sweating_at_Wilson_Trail_Stage_One_1.jpg
Minghong, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Dog panting
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dog_Panting_on_a_Hot_Day_2013.JPG
David Shankbone, CC BY 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Kangaroo licking to cool down
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kangaroo_licking_itself_to_cool.jpg
fir0002 flagstaffotos [at] gmail.com Canon 20D + Canon 400mm f/5.6 L, GFDL 1.2 gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/fdl-1.2.html, via Wikimedia Commons
Arm hair
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ArmHair.jpg
Zephyris, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Desert fox
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sleeping_Vulpes_zerda_at_Happy_Hollow,_closeup.jpg
Grendelkhan, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Fluffy pigeon
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fluffy_pigeon_at_Manasota_Key_Beach,_side_view.jpg
Grendelkhan, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Cold cat
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cat_on_a_cold_tin_roof_-_geograph.org.uk_-_434975.jpg
ceridwen / Cat on a cold tin roof
Dog in snow
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dog_in_snow_jacket.jpg
Magda K from Opole, Poland, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Arctic fox
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arctic_fox_(6375703941).jpg
Emma, CC BY 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Hedgehog
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Erinaceus_europaeus_LC0119.jpg
I, Jörg Hempel, CC BY-SA 2.0 DE creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/de/deed.en, via Wikimedia Commons
Seal
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arctocephalus_pusillus_2.jpg
© Hans Hillewaert CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
In this video, we look at thermoregulation in endotherms. First we explore the roles of thermoreceptors and the thermoregulatory centre in the hypothalamus. We then look at how endotherms respond to an increase and decrease in core body temperature, including vasodilation and vasoconstriction. Finally, we look at adaptations of endotherms to hot and cold conditions.
Image credits:
Cat
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cat_Iran.jpg
درفش کاویانی, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Pigeon
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Feral_pigeon_2022_03_18_01.jpg
Alexis Lours, CC BY 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Human body
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_Body_1.jpg
Mikael Häggströmderivative work: Lamilli, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Marathon runner
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lydd_Half_Marathon_%26_20_Miler_2016_FNK_9168_(25509480890).jpg
Funk Dooby from Kent, UK, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Sweating
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sweating_at_Wilson_Trail_Stage_One_1.jpg
Minghong, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Dog panting
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dog_Panting_on_a_Hot_Day_2013.JPG
David Shankbone, CC BY 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Kangaroo licking to cool down
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kangaroo_licking_itself_to_cool.jpg
fir0002 flagstaffotos [at] gmail.com Canon 20D + Canon 400mm f/5.6 L, GFDL 1.2 gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/fdl-1.2.html, via Wikimedia Commons
Arm hair
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ArmHair.jpg
Zephyris, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Desert fox
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sleeping_Vulpes_zerda_at_Happy_Hollow,_closeup.jpg
Grendelkhan, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Fluffy pigeon
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fluffy_pigeon_at_Manasota_Key_Beach,_side_view.jpg
Grendelkhan, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Cold cat
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cat_on_a_cold_tin_roof_-_geograph.org.uk_-_434975.jpg
ceridwen / Cat on a cold tin roof
Dog in snow
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dog_in_snow_jacket.jpg
Magda K from Opole, Poland, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Arctic fox
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arctic_fox_(6375703941).jpg
Emma, CC BY 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Hedgehog
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Erinaceus_europaeus_LC0119.jpg
I, Jörg Hempel, CC BY-SA 2.0 DE creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/de/deed.en, via Wikimedia Commons
Seal
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arctocephalus_pusillus_2.jpg
© Hans Hillewaert CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons





![GCSE Biology Revision Sizes of Cells
Find your 9s with PLUS. Click the link to try for free https://www.freesciencelessons.co.uk/modules/gcse-biology-1-triple/
Teachers, to get PLUS for your school, email schools@freesciencelessons.co.uk
In this video, we look at the sizes of cells. We explore the meaning of the words millimetre, micrometre and nanometre and how these relate to cells and the objects within cells.
This video is based on the AQA spec. This video may be appropriate for iGCSE / O Level Biology. Please consult your specification. The Amazon link above is an affiliate link. This provides a small commission which helps to support freesciencelessons. The cost remains the same to you. If you prefer not to use this, you can search Amazon for the Freesciencelessons workbooks.
Image credits:
Helicobacter pylori By Yutaka Tsutsumi, M.D. Professor Department of Pathology Fujita Health University School of Medicine [Copyrighted free use], via Wikimedia Commons
Lymphocyte By No machine-readable author provided. NicolasGrandjean assumed (based on copyright claims). [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) or CC BY-SA 2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Little finger By Pogrebnoj-Alexandroff - open free cources, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1939117
Ballpoint CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=179315
German shepherd By Ellen Levy Finch (Elf) - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=80113
Neutrophils By Dr Graham Beards - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20521666
Haemoglobin By Zephyris at the English language Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2300973
Cheek cells
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cheekcells_stained.jpg
Mulletsrokk, CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, via Wikimedia Commons GCSE Biology Revision Sizes of Cells](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/t2Gi-kzZpZM/mqdefault.jpg)




