Gregs Airplanes and Automobiles
World War Two Aircraft Exhaust Pipe Design
updated
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The Ju88 formation was line astern not line abreast, I misspoke.
Let's talk about it and take a look at the data provided.
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This video will explain how to take advantage of the Dora's strengths and avoid its weaknesses. To prove my point I'll take it out on a multiplayer server (Wolfpack Normandy) and fly all over the map. I get 10 kills and no losses against a variety of human and AI opponents.
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How to take down B-17s with the Dora: youtu.be/azsx5pOdF_E
Bishop's channel: youtube.com/@bishop1971/videos
This was a fascinating piece of WW2 technology, similar in many respects to the gyro gunsights fielded by Britain and the United States the EZ-42 is said to have been more accurate, which may have been true. However it's less user friendly, requiring the pilot to set in the aircraft altitude, which was difficult to do in a dynamic situation.
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I'm taking this opportunity to cover aircraft electrical systems and fire suppression as well as general information on the plane. I'll dive into the Sperry A17 turrets and Compensating gun sights as well, although I'm not super happy with my explanation of the later. I might revisit that in the future.
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Note, The Wellington went into battle with a turret before the Defiant. However these were fore aft turrets without the same large field of fire as a typical upper turret like that on the Defiant.
I'll also go over every single performance modification on the car, there are no secrets here. If you want a 400hp Giulia, I think this is the only proven way to set it up.
I think that at the time of this posting that this is the fastest modern Giulia with a 2.0 multiair engine ever to run down the drag strip. I could be wrong and I'm offering 1000 bucks to anyone who can prove they have one that's faster, details are of course in the video.
If you want to claim the prize please send an email to gregs (then part of the channel name) airplanes at geemail. Any other way of contacting me will be disqualifying. I can't keep up with comments on this channel, and sometimes youtube puts them into their "held for review" section and I never even see them.
All products on this car came from shopeurocompulsion.net
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Neither are great dogfighters, however if you want to "push the map" and have an effect on the simulated war, they are very effective because they can hunt and kill enemy planes and in the case of the Anton, it's also great at ground attack.
I'll talk about take off, ground attack, dogfighting, the Horrido single player campaign and more, all while flying a mission on a mulitplayer server deep into enemy territory. I hope you like it.
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Regarding the challenge. There are basically two ways to contact me. One is through Patreon, sure that costs a dollar, but it's a small price to pay if you really have the proof. I won't miss it there. The other choice is in the comments, I try to get to all of them, but it's difficult. Youtube send them too me for ALL my videos in chronological order so if I ask a question you may need to start a new comment for me to see the answer. Please keep that in mind. Good luck with the challenge, we are all counting on you.;
One more thing about the challenge, it's obviously not enough to just post the name of someone you think figured out adverse yaw and then ask me to do the digging for you. That's not how this works.
Rudder vs. other types of yaw control. In early aviation nearly all, and possibly all successfully flown aircraft used a rudder for yaw control. However it's certainly possible to control yaw with other methods, the B-2 does this, so do hang gliders. So for purposes of my challenge, the yaw control aspect does not specifically have to be a rudder, but it does have to be there to control adverse yaw.
Also, anyone who posts a comment on this video who obviously didn't even watch the video will be banned. I'm tired of those people.
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Links to videos I mentioned, drop tank stuff: youtu.be/aCLa078v69k and P-47's effect on the war: youtu.be/7jeV3wuML2s
I'll also destroy the German Head Quarters with bombs and strafing, and fight a 109K.
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Interesting short interview with "Killer Mike" Gladych : youtu.be/oABwbCkI2hY
Clarification on turn performance. I thought I explained this in the video, but apparently not well enough. The 109K will out turn the P-47D-40. However it won't do it by much and I beat it in this case by stacking all the variables in my favor. I do this all the time. First, this was later in the mission so I was pretty light and with no external loads. Second I was at 10 degrees flaps, which by itself puts my stall speed below the 109K's if his flaps are up, which they were. Thus I can pull a higher G load down at these low speeds without stalling. That's why his plane is wing wobbling and mine at the same speed and turn rate isn't. Third, his engine is hot from all that climbing, mine was rested and thus able to go around the turn at full War Emergency power, thus my sustained rate was better than his at that point in the fight. It's NOT that DCS is wrong, it isn't and it's not that the 47 has better turn performance, it doesn't. It's the fact that the K-4 is one of the worst turning 109s, and I stacked the variables in my favor here. I hope that explains this.
Poll, we had 958 votes! 52% of you thought it was a human and 48% voting thought that the enemy pilot was AI. That's darn close! The truth is, it was an AI pilot. I didn't know that myself until I went into Tacview for the post flight. DCS AI has become quite realistic. Very often I can't tell which is which when on a server that has both types of enemies.
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Links:
Ki-61 Video: youtu.be/7MCsTRK8n6Y
Japanese Pilot Interview: youtu.be/A44v2G-0cVA
WW2 Pilot Experience: youtu.be/0IM5D-eqasE
Very Good Non Aviation Japanese Culture and Kimura: youtu.be/CBFx1a4L2ig (Doug Rogers became an airline pilot, of course he retired a number of years ago an is now no longer with us)
Turbo vs. Supercharging in WW2 Aircraft: youtu.be/ULLsIo1VzTw
P-47 Part 1: youtu.be/mzQuq2FHdeE
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Corsair and Hellcat video to help you get ready for their showdown with the Hayate: youtu.be/i2aqeALGWL8
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Eurocompulsion Jeep Page: shopeurocompulsion.net/collections/jeep-wrangler-jl-2-0l
Euro+Drive tune: shopeurocompulsion.net/collections/jeep-wrangler-jl-2-0l/products/euro-drive-ecu-tuning-direct-clone-jeep-wrangler-jl-2-0l-turbo
Power Booster: shopeurocompulsion.net/collections/jeep-wrangler-jl-2-0l-engine/products/power-booster-jeep-wrangler-jl-2-0l-turbo
Jeep Build and Development: shopeurocompulsion.net/blogs/eurocompulsion-development/ec-jeep-wrangler-jl-2-0l-build-development
Metric Power and Torque 274hp and 358NM.
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Exhaust video: youtu.be/m2hZql6tD7c
Corsair and Hellcat video to help you get ready for their showdown with the Hayate: youtu.be/i2aqeALGWL8
Information on this airplane is scarce. There isn't a lot of primary source data on the Ki-84, and a lot of the secondary stuff is contradictory. In this video I have pieced together what I can and I think the result is a fairly comprehensive look at the design and technical details of the plane. I hope you like it.
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Note: the La5Fn/La7 engine may have been lighter than the one on the chart by about 90kg. That would make it about the same as an R-2600, but still heavier than the Homare. It's hard to pin down Soviet stuff due to variations in standards.
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Used as a piggy back it can run a sub 14.5 quarter mile on pump gasoline at the dragstrip. That's faster than most competitor's flash tunes!
Even better it can be combined with flash tunes for very strong performance. This is possible because it can raise the boost in relatively small and precise increments.
The product can be found here: shopeurocompulsion.net/collections/fiat-124-spider-ecu-tuning/products/eurocompulsion-power-booster-for-fiat-1-4-multiair
Driven Districts video on performance testing Eurocompulsion's Phase 1 tune: youtu.be/w2ZrYTIVBHw
Eurocompulsion video on my stock 124 at the drag strip: youtu.be/IMZBKnGUmpA
A useful gauge from Driven District: drivendistrict.com/collections/fiat-124-spider/products/p3-gauges-v3-obd2-multi-gauge-2017-fiat-124-spider-multifunctional-boost-gauge
Note: the 500 Abarth Rally car is a factory built real deal rally car. It's running a T-Jet engine and I have two full videos on this channel about that exact car.
A large portion of this video deals with sleeve valve engine history and design, so it's not only about the Sea Fury. There is a fair bit of automotive content in this video.
The video is long because there is just so much stuff
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ERRORS: I really messed up the fuel capacities by forgetting that the British were using Imperial gallons. That means the Sea Fury has the most internal fuel capacity by far and wins the range contest on internal fuel with relative ease.
Correct Fuel Capacities courtesy of MK Regular:
Sea Fury - 240 US gallons (200 imperial gallons)
Bearcat - 185 US gallons
Seafire - 182.4 US gallons (152 imperial gallons)
When you consider maximum fuel capacity with drop tanks, the Bearcat still comes out on top due to the absolutely absurd amount of fuel it can carry in drop tanks and the Sea Fury falls behind to a point around 2/3 of the way from the Seafire to the Bearcat:
Bearcat - 535 US gallons (185+150+2x100)
Sea Fury - 456 US gallons (240+2x108) (200+2x90 imperial gallons)
Seafire - 296.4 US gallons (182.4+60+2x27) (152+50+2x22.5 imperial gallons)
Also the P-47N could get its 2800 horsepower on 130 octane fuel at least by 1950. It's not clear if this was the case during the war. The other 47s running 70" or above did use 150.
This video will be a little less accurate than my normal work because I have to speculate to fill in the blanks a bit more than I would like. Information on Japanese airplanes is a bit scarce, and often all we have are intelligence reports from the period, which were often inaccurate. For example, U.S. intelligence thought this was an Italian plane, which it wasn't.
Thankfully, we do have a lot of really solid performance information, speed, climb, turn and so on. We also have great information on the aircraft system, armor, weapons and more, , so the key data is accurate
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Check out Gill Billington, winner of last months contest:
Home page:fineartamerica.com/profiles/gill-billington?tab=artwork
Winning art:pixels.com/featured/homeward-bound-spitfires-over-the-white-cliffs-of-dover-gill-billington.html
I also cover a lot of the systems, engine limitations and emergency procedures, as well as talk about the way the Dora's ignition system works.
All in all, I cover a lot, including the Dora's excellent gyro gunsight, which I demonstrate at the end of the video. It's possible to down a B-17 without taking damage using the Dora's cannons and that gyro sight, I'll show how.
I also touch on the DCS Dora's issue of weird engine failures which I think are no longer an issue with the latest update.
In short, my hopes are that both sim and non sim users alike will find a lot of interesting and useful information in this video.
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Direct Link to Dora Mug: gregs-airplanesandautomobiles.pixels.com/featured/focke-wolfe-fw-190-d9-dora-gregs-airplanes-and-automobiles.html?product=coffee-mug
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Agathos Flight School Video on Dora power settings: youtu.be/US2uktcxolQ
Notes: Obviously you would press the IFF self destruct if you made a forced landing in enemy territory.
Some U.S. fighters used a shotgun shell type mechanism to turn the motor over for start. However the electric flywheel type was more common. There were also manual cranks for backup in some planes.
The Weapons system gets electrical power from the aircraft main electrical system. It's not independent. So you have to have EITHER the batter cb or the generator cb on for the master arm switch to arm the weapons.
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Answers to common questions and concerns:
1. Didn't the Soviets like it because of it's centrally mounted weapons? Probably, however this video is about why the plane was successful for the Soviet and less so for the US. As the plane had centrally mounted weapons in both cases, I don't think it had an effect on the comparative results the two air forces had with it.
2. People have pointed out that the Flying Tigers didn't see combat until after Pearl Harbor. That's true, and I worded that part of the video poorly. When you talk for 50 mins straight that can happen. Still what I said isn't technically incorrect. I said that the P-40 scored some kills right from the start at Pearl Harbor. I didn't say that the Flying Tigers flew combat or scored kills before that. I then said that the P-40 was having success in China earlier, that's true, just not combat success, that wouldn't come for another couple weeks after Pearl Harbor. Poorly worded on my part. I should have said Chennault was having success in China before Pearl and thus the Flying Tigers were ready to score kills and first did so shortly after Pearl Harbor. I hope that clears this up.
In this episode I fly a lone wolf mission deep into enemy territory and bite of a bit more than I can chew, but it was still a great time. I hope you enjoy it.
Regarding the graphics, at the time I flew this mission I wasn't planning on making a video, thus I didn't have any recording software running. The views you see are from the DCS built in playback system which automatically records but doesn't make a super smooth high res file. Probably because if it did you would soon run out of hard drive space. So this video does NOT represent the quality graphics and frame rates you will see in DCS.
If I do make this type of video again I'll use better recording software, and at some point a better computer.
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Spitfire model build video: youtu.be/UrfkbOyBQUM
Other subjects covered are center of gravity, spin recovery and more.
The Lumchevak: youtube.com/watch?v=h4ykA7GR7Vo
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The Lancaster was the newest design with by far the largest engines. Plus they were liquid cooled V-12s, much more streamlined than the U.S. air cooled radials. Then again, the US planes had turbochargers. Let's run the numbers from primary source material and compare.
Turbo and Supercharging Video: youtu.be/ULLsIo1VzTw
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Note: I mis-spoke on the engine sizes. The Lancaster's Merlins have the least displacement, but are liquid cooled and are the heaviest of the bunch.
Could it really carry twice as much as a B-17? What about a B-24. We'll look at the actual numbers from the manuals.
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My Record Monza Exhaust Video: youtube.com/watch?v=Gf5tJxICf98
Check out Driven District: youtube.com/c/DrivenDistrict
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You may enjoy Susy's channel: youtube.com/c/SusyGrisonManzan . No cars or planes, but she travels a lot.
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Muscle Cars 1964 youtu.be/fNdcd71CQZ4
Muscle Cars 1965 youtu.be/GwLu4rjGy6k
Muscle Cars 1966 youtu.be/FCcqnd8S6jQ
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A large portion of this video covers the Rolls Royce Griffon series of engines.
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Note: A couple errors I need correct.
1. It was the FRENCH Navy, Not the British Navy that replaced all Seafires with Hellcats in 1950. In regards to the British Navy, Seafire 47's were operating from HMS Triumph. These didn't hold up and when she returned to England the Seafires were replaced with Boulton Paul Balliols because she went into use for cadet training.
2. Yes, the Mk8 came out after the Mk9. The point is that every Spitfire I know of in numerical order after the 8 has the earlier type of non self sealing fuel tank. These include the 9, 11, 16, 19, 21, 22, and 24. As some of these are post Mk8, Supermarine went "back" to the earlier non self sealing design. In regards to the Mk9, yes it came out before the 8, but I'm not sure when the design work started on the 8 vs. the 9. In any case, the most numerous marks have non self sealing upper tanks.
3. The wing on the Seafire 47 is not "the same" as the early Spitfire model, nor did I say that in the video. Obviously it's different. As mentioned in the video it has a folding mechanism and the entire structure is beefed up relative to early airplanes. However the wing areas of the Seafire 47 and early Spitfires are within ONE percent of each other. The wingspans are within ONE inch. The wing profiles are EXACTLY the same NACA numbers for the main section and the tips. All this stuff is the same, yet the weight of the plane doubled.
In this video we will go over the planes technical features, both the good and the bad.
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Other videos related to this one:
Supercharging tech: youtu.be/ULLsIo1VzTw
Superprops 1: youtu.be/fgIz5N11TZ8
F-14 Horsepower: youtu.be/JC-7wRmMH2g
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Update, I want to address to common points/questions that keep coming up in the comments.
1. I said in the video "The Japanese were caught down low when the U.S. dive bombers came in and they couldn't defend the fleet, they were out of position down low because they had been dealing with the torpedo bombing threat" That's an exact quote of what I said in the video.
Numerous people have pointed out that in the book Shattered Sword the author makes it clear that the Zeros had plenty of time to climb back up between the torpedo and dive bombing attacks. That's true, but if you read or go back and listen to what I said, nothing is in disagreement with this. I'm not saying the Zeros didn't have the time or ability to reach the dive bombers, I'm saying they didn't reach the dive bombers specifically because they were out of position when the dive bombers showed up and thus were unable to attack them. Why were they out of position? I think the answer to that is obvious. They had incurred at least two torpedo attacks from the US at that point, and certainly knew how effective torpedo bombers could be (Pearl Harbor, Repulse etc.). Had the US torpedo bombers not been there, I think it's much more likely the Zeros would have been up high and ready to intercept the dive bombers.
2. Alternating sides when torpedo attacking a battleship was a common tactic. This was used from the time the Prince of Wales was sunk by Japanese Torpedo planes around the start of the Pacific war in Dec. of 41, and the Musashi was sunk with this tactic in Oct. of 1944. That's most of the Pacific war, the vast majority of sinking at least in terms of significant warships were during that period. Some of you are saying that attacking Musashi on both sides was a mistake and that the US Navy learned from it and attacked Yamato on one side.
First of all, I'm not advocating tactics here, but I'm pointing out a fact, and the fact is that attacking on the up side of a listing ship was safer and was done. What I said in the video is that this was done, and stated the logic behind it. In regards to the Musashi vs. Yamato sinkings there is a lot more going on here than just the side to side issues. The Yamato was attacked on one side to make here more likely to sink faster. However I think people are missing the fact that the attacks on Musashi were spread out over a five hour period giving damage control a lot of time to try to save the ship. Even after the last attack she floated another 4 hours or so.
All the attacks on Yamato leading to her sinking took place over about an 80 mins period in which she was hit by around 11 torpedoes and 6 bombs. In that amount of time, meaning the first 80 mins of the attacks on Musashi she had been hit by one bomb which didn't explode and 1 torpedo. That's vastly different. The next attack which came about 90 mins from the first added another 3 torpedoes and two bombs one of which didn't detonate. It went on like this for about 5 hours. I think the difference in the total number of hits required to sink the two ships had as much to do with time as with the side to side issue, but that's just my opinion. Obviously any talk along these lines is just speculation.
I'll be using the F-14A as the example aircraft, although this video isn't really about the F-14 specifically. It's more of an attempt to convey certain concepts related to aircraft performance.
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Note: I did a poor job explaining BSFC and .5 is not 50% efficient. BSFC= Engine Fuel Flow/ Brake Horsepower. The discussion on BSFC in this video is only intended to clarify the concept of an engine needing power to turn itself and operate the subsystems it needs to run (cooling, oil pump, fuel pump, etc.). Thus you could have two engines with the same amount of propulsive horsepower while one needs to burn a lot more fuel to do it. An engine with a BSFC of .5 is burning more fuel to make each horsepower than one with a BSFC of .4. The exact definition of BSFC is on screen if you need it.
I'll cover both engines as used in various models including the E, K, F, L, M, and N. The F and L models are Merlin powered.
Check out Enigma's channel as he helped out a bit on my video: youtube.com/c/Enigma89/videos
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Why did the P-38 soldier on without paddle props and limited to 60 inches of manifold pressure throughout the war when both the 47 and 51 got paddle props and manifold pressure values of 72" and 75" respectively?
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We will get into the air fuel ratios and ignition timing values run by the BMW 801. Some people have asked for that, and it's tough information to come by. The information is in the video, but as you will see, some of it raises as many questions as it answers.
The Kommandogerat system was used on BMW 801 radials, typically found on 190 A models as well as Ju88s and Do17s. So while I think of this video as Fw190 part 4 in a series, it's relevant to some other planes as well, and to the basic principles of engine operation.
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Patreon Note: all manuals used in the creation of this video are in the Fw190A folder in the Patreon section.
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A word on piston rings. I mis spoke there. Typical automotive applications of the time used 4 piston rings, three compression rings and an oil control ring. Aero applications including the BMW 801, Merlin, R-2800 and most others I know of used FIVE rings. Yes 5, they had three compression and two oil control rings.
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This is a non technical video, unusual for this channel, but it's largely just an opinion piece, although I'll argue my opinion is well thought out. Keep in mind the aerial victory claims for the various aces differ a bit from one source to the next. I didn't get into that because it's not really relevant to the main topic at hand.
As I uploaded this video I realized I forgot to include the Red Baron's story from his book, so I'll just put it here:
"After we had been talking for some time he asked me of course the celebrated question: "Have you ever brought down a machine?" As I said before he had probably not understood my name. So I answered nonchalantly: "Oh, yes! I have done so now and then." He replied: "Indeed! Perhaps you have shot down two?" I answered: "No. Not two but twenty-four." He smiled, repeated his question and gave me to understand that, when he was speaking about shooting down an aeroplane, he meant not shooting at an aeroplane but shooting into an aeroplane in such a manner that it would fall to the ground and remain there. I immediately assured him that I entirely shared his conception of the meaning of the words "shooting down.
Now I had completely lost caste with him. He was convinced that I was a fearful liar. He left me sitting where I was and told me that a meal would be served in an hour. If I liked I could join in. I accepted his invitation and slept soundly for an hour. Then we went to the Officers' Club. Arrived at the club I was glad to find that I was wearing the Ordre pour le Mérite.
Unfortunately I had no uniform jacket underneath my greasy leather coat but only a waistcoat. I apologized for being so badly dressed. Suddenly my good chief discovered on me the Ordre pour le Mérite. He was speechless with surprise and assured me that he did not know my name. I gave him my name once more. Now it seemed to dawn upon him that he had heard my name before. He feasted me with oysters and champagne and I did gloriously until at last my orderly arrived and fetched me with my car."
P.S. I didn't think I would have to provide evidence for the idea that it's often claimed that Hartmann was not shot down, but here you go: migflug.com/jetflights/final-interview-with-erich-hartmann and allthatsinteresting.com/erich-hartmann and military.wikia.org/wiki/Erich_Hartmann . This is a claim VERY frequently made, so stop trying to say otherwise.
How good were the German B4 and C3 aviation fuels? We have allied reports on them, but they don't answer all the questions. Were the Luftwaffe aircraft really held back by low fuel quality, or was it something else like metallurgy?
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Mr. Douglas' book: calum-douglas.com
The Stuka book from Chris and Bernhard. indiegogo.com/projects/stuka-the-doctrine-of-the-german-dive-bomber/#
The Ricardo book is now in the Patreon section for all members, and my book on supercharging is now readable there for the premium tier members.
Here is the original video from Dodge: youtu.be/xZNXVuzPio4
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The car is running an engine with stock internals, plus various upgrades from Eurocompulsion. The key upgrades here are the V4 Intake, Exhaust Cross Pipe, Race Intercooler and a TBA Piggy Back as well as the Euro+Drive Phase 1 tune combined with Piggy Back.
I added in a pair of DOT street tires which are very borderline on the street legal side. They are darn close to racing slicks. As compared with the previous tires these are consistently knocked about 5/100s of a second from the 60 foot times, and the best run they knocked off about a 1/10th.
Additionally the car has the EC turbo, Record Monza exhaust, CAE shifter, Vaitrix gauges, water injection (not used at the drags this time) and intercooler sprayers (also not used at the drags).
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These products can be found on eurocompulsion.net
Some of these problems were overcome, some just couldn't be. Even so, it was a highly effective plane in demand in every theater of conflict during WW2.
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I'm trying out a new microphone and audio settings as well.
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Regarding the claim about recon work on the Lockheed-Martin website. I'll go over that in detail in a future video. It's NOT wrong, it's just that it's not really complete either. As I said at about 1:50 in the video, I'll go over these types of things in future episodes. This video is about the basics of the design.
The Mosquito's stall numbers are in knots, I forgot to convert, so the stall speeds for it should be 121 and 109 in mph. It doesn't really matter as in this video we are looking the effects of flaps, I'll get into the performance differences in another video.
Primary Source Definition from UC Irvine, https://www.lib.uci.edu/what-are-primary-sources , yes I know there are other definitions, that's not the point.
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