Why Cant We Agree on Facts? This Place 2017-06-02 | Nobody who understands the ideals and principles of science... is against those principles. We all recognize it's our best and most robust truth seeking system. So why do we all seem to disagree so passionately on testable and observable topics?How Does Do Science?- youtu.be/3MRHcYtZjFYPatreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925
Sex | This Amazing Place This Place 2021-08-04 | I haven't been working on this channel so much. Releases are likely to continue to be extremely sporadic. But stay subscribed and keep supporting if you want whatever might come down the pipe.Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/JesseAgarYTSongCicero- Lucy Ambertonfilmstro.com/music/theme/7677|| References and Species mentioned in this video ||Conditionally SexualAspergillus nidulans fungi produce more of their spores sexually in environments where they are less fit, although asexual spores are more dispersive and equally resistant:sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982210007098ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5031623pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24231534Grasshoppers spend over 50% of total living energy budget making mating calls:ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008630Species that are hermaphroditic because of how slow and/or dispersed they are:Snailssciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0022519377903630Species that “mate for life” by fusing their bodies:Angler Fishen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglerfish#ReproductionSpecies that start life as a female and switch to male:California sheepheadncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4386901Species that start life as a male and switch to female:Black Porgysciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/protandry
If you time travelled, could you save the Grand Banks Cod? This Place 2020-12-10 | What could you have done in the past to prevent the collapse of the cod?Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/JesseAgarYTSourcesComeback Studycdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0346General info:Årland, K., Bjørndal, T. 2002. Fisheries Management in Norway an overview.Chuenpagdee, R., Pascual-Fernandez, J.J., Szelianszky, E., Alegret, J.L., Fraga, J., and Jentoft, S. 2012. Marine Protected Areas: Re-Thinking their inception. Marine Policy 39 (2012) 234-240.DFO. 2012. Fisheries and Oceans Canada Values and Ethics code. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/reports-rapports/vicr-virc/vicr-virc2012-eng.htmFAO. 2005. Information on Fisheries Management in the Kingdom of. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN. Available online: http://www.fao.org/fi/oldsite/FCP/en/NOR/body.htmFinlayson, C. Fishing for Truth. Newfoundland: Institute of Social and Economic Research, 1994. Print.Godo, O.R. and Haug, T. 1999.Growth Rate and Sexual Maturity in Cod(Gadus morhua) and Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci., Vol. 25: 115--123Greenburg, P. Four Fish. New York: Penguin Group, 2010. Print. Jentoft, S. Dangling Lines and the future of Coastal Communities, the Norwegian experience. Newfoundland: Institute of Social and Economic Research, 1993. Print.Kurlansky, M. Cod, a biography of the fish that changed the world. USA: Walker Publishing Company, 1997. Print.Larkin, P.A. 1996. Concepts and issues in marine ecosystem management. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 6 (1996) 139-164OECD. 2004. Country Note on National Fisheries Management Systems- Norway. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. available online: http://www.oecd.org/norway/34430920.pdfPauly, D. and Maclean, J. In a Perfect Ocean, the state of fisheries and ecosystems in the North Atlantic ocean. Washington: Island Press, 2003. Print.Pilkey, O. and Pilkey-Jarvis, L. Useless Arithmetic. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. Print. Schrank, W.E. 2003. Introducing Fisheries Subsidied. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper no 437.Rose, A. Who killed the Grand Banks? Ontario: John Wiley & sons Canada, 2008. Print.
The girl who overdosed on her own endorphins This Place 2020-11-18 | Endorphins are your body’s natural painkillers. The pain she experienced was years prior but it was enough to train her to release them when a trigger occurred later.Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/JesseAgarYT Further ResourcesNo trigger warning?Apparently trigger warnings don’t really make people avoid content. But it does prime someone to be anxious and only focus on the negative. I want you to feel these issues are manageable because they are. Genuinely sorry if this video stressed you out.Might not be true but anyway: psychologytoday.com/ca/blog/brainstorm/201904/do-trigger-warnings-actually-workRecommended reading:Abuse and Neglect:The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog bit.ly/36JAgR1The Body Keeps the Score bit.ly/3lGEizPThe Deepest Well bit.ly/3nyd6nfDevelopment and Support:The Whole-Brain Child bit.ly/3lFHyeTHow to Talk So Kids Will Listen & Listen So Kids Will Talk bit.ly/2HeHEuWNo Bad Kids bit.ly/3faERPHSome information on what therapy can do:apa.org/topics/understanding-psychotherapyReddit Communities:reddit.com/r/CPTSDreddit.com/r/raisedbynarcissistsreddit.com/r/raisedbyborderlinesreddit.com/r/ptsd How to adopt ACEs screening:ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6376297Mental health lessons in schools:youtube.com/watch?v=vPPtUYlzQysMany work drop outs due to mental healthncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3062016Bell increases productivity with mental health programsbenefitscanada.com/benefits/health-wellness/are-mentally-healthy-employees-more-productive-48854Mental health reduces recidivism:ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7113431 SourcesAmber’s story and the two boys stories are pulled from:Perry, B. 2007. The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog. bit.ly/3pEysRWKinds of traumatic experiences:http://traumadissociation.com/ptsd.htmlDescribed as an epidemic:bit.ly/2HaK1Pnbit.ly/3lJfnviresearchgate.net/publication/292635847_The_impact_of_early_life_trauma_on_health_and_disease_The_hidden_epidemic90% at least 1 trauma in lifetime, 8% PTSD:ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4096796(7.3 % PTSD:)pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20346193(Between 6 and 9% depending on study:)bit.ly/38QxYSBEconomic Impact:ACEs economic impact of $458 billion per yearreadcube.com/articles/10.2139%2Fssrn.3458626ACEs economic impact of $1.33 Trillion billion per yearpsychologytoday.com/ca/blog/experimentations/201909/how-adverse-childhood-experiences-cost-133-trillion-yearCancer Costs:I added these numbers together. Likely double counts, just back of envelope sort of thing:Direct costs, $95 billion:jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/2737074?Indirect costs, $308 billionbit.ly/3nyRF5KBreakdown of trauma costs:researchgate.net/publication/328516988_The_economic_impact_of_post_traumatic_stress_disorder_in_Northern_IrelandVicarious trauma story pulled from:Shapiro, F. 2012. Getting Past Your Past. Chapter 7ACEs effects on healthacesaware.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/ACE-Clinical-Workflows-Algorithms-and-ACE-Associated-Health-Conditions.pdfEye studyncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1348655Amber’s story and the two boys stories are pulled from:Perry, B. 2007. The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog. bit.ly/3pEysRWSigns of Mental Health abusehealthline.com/health/signs-of-mental-abuse#control-and-shameAbuse gets passed downchildwelfare.gov/topics/can/impact/long-term-consequences-of-child-abuse-and-neglect/abuseTherapy paying for itself and other economic measures:ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/ajp.154.2.147
The Uncanny Valley Is Wrong This Place 2020-07-27 | Thnk about the way they move:- Animations move very expressively. - Humans are less animated, but they have the fundamental expressive nature that you can understand.- These "uncanny" animations and robots move strangely or creepily. Is their movement really a mix of animation and humans?Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/JesseAgarYTTime Stamps00:00 Intro00:48 Uncanny Valley “basics”2:08 “Human Likeness” is too broad4:46 Cherry Picking7:22 Summary of what’s wrong8:00 What’s right8:47 What’s actually going onSourcesThe ambiguity of “human likeness”frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2011.00126/fullMorphs where it gets creepy in the middleresearchgate.net/publication/241217609_Subjective_Ratings_of_Robot_Video_Clips_for_Human_Likeness_Familiarity_and_Eeriness_An_Exploration_of_the_Uncanny_ValleyDemonstrating the uncanny valley isn’t simply based on likenesshttp://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.472.2518&rep=rep1&type=pdfSeeing Faces (patterns on left side of brain were the same for faces and non faces. But the right side of brain was different for faces or non faces. Seems the left side of the brain goes “FACE!” then the right side of the brain goes “OK, let’s work this out”)royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2011.1784ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6290235jov.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2651179biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/233387v1.fullThe study with all those imagessciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010027715300640Original uncanny valley paperspectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/humanoids/the-uncanny-valley
The Easy Way to Add Up a Sequence This Place 2019-06-02 | How fast can you add up all the numbers from 1 to 100?Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/JesseAgarYTSourcesCarl Friedrich Gauss: Titan of Science by Guy Waldo DunningtonThe Prince of Mathematics: Carl Friedrich Gauss by M. B. W. Tent Footage (in order of appearance)Snowden (2016)The Imitation Game (2014)MusicThree Hand Reel performed by NewShoe (this track is no longer available there. I downloaded it in like 2015):soundcloud.com/newshoe
The sky is blue. Why isnt everything blue? This Place 2019-05-10 | Why is the sky blue? Why isn’t everything blue as a result? Why is it whiter near the horizon? Why does the sky get orange at sunrise and sunset?(at 6:46 it says "molecules" should say "droplets". A bunch of water molecules together behave as a larger thing)Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/JesseAgarYT Other notesAll the experts and scholory articles I looked at stated both rayleigh and mie scattering as responsible for the whiter horizon. That there are 2 explanations feels inelegant but I couldn’t find that one of them was false. I suspect each one is more dominant under different conditions. SourcesVarious light stuffspc.noaa.gov/publications/corfidi/sunsethttp://homepages.wmich.edu/~korista/colors_of_the_sky-Bohren_Fraser.pdfWavelength and molecule size scatteringhttps://www.e-education.psu.edu/meteo300/node/785 ImagesMeadow, Hills, Clouds and Blue skyhttps://flic.kr/p/fmKf7ASun and Sky on beachpixabay.com/photos/sun-summer-mountains-sky-clouds-1413721/#_=_Mountain, sun and blue Skyhttps://flic.kr/p/CTWqtcSeeing blue of the mountainshttps://flic.kr/p/c56hPqSky and town in Germanyhttp://www.1zoom.me/en/wallpaper/396611/z6042.9Blue Pizza Signpexels.com/photo/blue-pizza-neon-signage-turned-on-1596884Coloured Painthttp://www.holifestival.com/my/en/festival-of-colours/reviewRocks and Mountainflickr.com/photos/volvob12b/9559397569See atmosphere from spacenasa.gov/image-feature/waxing-gibbous-moon-above-earths-limbBeach Thailandhttps://flic.kr/p/GPD3JTSpace walknasa.gov/images/content/501290main_spacewalks_grapple_lg.jpgGolden hour New Yorkhttps://flic.kr/p/qCKUUSBlue Hour Parishttps://flic.kr/p/pvEwypNormal Hour New Yorkhttps://flic.kr/p/211thrAGolden and Blue Hour togethershutterstock.com/image-photo/beautiful-landscape-between-golden-hour-blue-175746710Beachhttps://flic.kr/p/d2XSRyBlue sky lake mountainsgoodfreephotos.com/united-states/nevada/lake-tahoe/harbor-clear-water-landscape-sky.jpg.phpBlue mountains and mistpxhere.com/en/photo/1498949Sunset cloudsnew.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE:Sunset_Marina.JPGFoghttps://flic.kr/p/rPscYMSmog Sunsetearthjustice.org/blog/2013-june/eliminating-a-4-letter-word-smogSunset Beachmocah.org/4595524-sunset-sky-landscape-nature-clear-sky-lens-flare-silhouette-colorful-sunlight.html MusicInspiring Musicsoundcloud.com/ghostrifter-official/salvationThat freaky music from 2001 a space odyssey youtube.com/watch?v=oU4Rk0NATNs
Theres no purple light This Place 2019-04-04 | Even though you can see purple, there's no purple light. This also explains why we can use a colour wheel when the electromagnetic spectrum is linear.Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/JesseAgarYTImagesPaul Longinidis Purple Flower (CC BY 2.0) https://flic.kr/p/qG6xJaMusicDrum Solo Birdman by Michikawapond5.com/stock-music/70917957/drum-solo-birdman.htmlSourcessilversneakers-wp-prod.azureedge.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/SSBlog_MoreKThanBanana_1400x1050-1024x768.jpg
The Dolly Zoom This Place 2017-12-18 | How does the DOLLY ZOOM work? Why do things appear smaller as they go off into the distance? How does PERSPECTIVE DISTORTION work? Come on a journey with me.Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925Twitter- twitter.com/_ThisPlace_
How do we Right and Wrong? This Place 2016-11-24 | How does morality work? How do we work out what's right and wrong? Why do we have to ________?Patreon- patreon.com/user?u=849925 Thanks for your support!Ari and her Banjo. “The Cat” in this video is from the album “Collected Recordings from the Spring of 2011”. ariandherbanjo.bandcamp.com/album/the-square-root-of-2Great Lecture Series about Morality. Like a series of the best of TED talks. Has almost 7 million views for a reason. Definitely check it outyoutu.be/kBdfcR-8hEYReddit reddit.com/r/ThisPlace/comments/5eowlr/how_do_we_work_out_whats_right_and_wrong/?ref=share&ref_source=link
Free Will │ Determinism and Compatibilism This Place 2016-11-18 | Audio only (downloadable) soundcloud.com/user-964874949/1-free-will/s-KyQmWPatreon patreon.com/user?u=849925Related videosFree Will Choice Experiment youtu.be/1gBb1TWn4VcThe Survival of the Fittest youtu.be/pBAj3uQhZ_I
Do We Consciously Pick Our Choices? This Place 2016-08-24 | Do we author our choices? Are our conscious minds in control? Or do we watch our actions happen?This was a section of a longer video. But I decided that video doesn’t need this section. But I still liked it so here you go. Reddit reddit.com/r/ThisPlaceFurther watching/readingCrash Course on Free willyoutube.com/watch?v=vCGtkDzELAISam Harris on Free Willyoutube.com/watch?v=pCofmZlC72gDschinghis Khan- Moskau youtube.com/watch?v=BQAKRw6mToAEffects of child abusehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2872483Pyschopathyen.wikipedia.org/wiki/PsychopathyPatreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
My 23andme and You This Place 2016-07-14 | Learn about me through my DNAAlso some stats about you guysGenetic test done by 23andme 23andme.com , not a sponsor. It's a bit expensive. I don't know if I would recommend it unless if you wanted to know about a disease and it was approved by doctors/health boards. If you get the test and doctors don't trust it it might be a waste of money. Also it may not be trustworthy.Foot NotesRegarding soapSoap makes hair puffy. Makes skin itchy and dry. But without soap... nothing bad happens. When I get smelly pits, I find it's how hard I rub that makes the smell go away and stay away. Not how much soap I use. I think there's oils on skin that dirt can stick to so soap should make cleaning easier. And scents can just make any smells covered up. But for me soap seems to have more negatives than positives.Still use soap on my hands though. I wash my hands a lot.patreon.com/user?u=849925
The Iterated Prisoners Dilemma and The Evolution of Cooperation This Place 2016-07-02 | The iterated prisoner's dilemma is just like the regular game except you play it multiple times with an opponent and add up the scores. But it can change the strategy and has more real world applications as it resembles a relationship.THE PRISONER'S DILEMMA youtube.com/watch?v=t9Lo2fgxWHwFOOT NOTESAdditional requirements for an iterated prisoner’s dilemma gameFor a one off prisoner’s dilemma, they payoffs can just be like 5 greater than 3 greater than 1 greater than 0 (like in the video). But for an iterated prisoner’s dilemma game to be an iterated prisoner’s dilemma game, the total payout for both cooperating has to be bigger than the total payout for one person cooperating and one person defecting. Basically 2x3 greater than 5+0. If it was like 8 points for defecting while the other cooperates, it would still follow the on off prisoners dilemma format, 8 greater than 3 greater than 1 greater than 0. But with an iterated prisoner’s dilemma game the best strategy would be to go back and forth between cooperating and defecting (giving them on average 4 each, rather than 3 for both cooperating). Which can happen for sure, but it’s a different sort of game.With a one-off prisoner’s dilemma this doesn’t matter so much. Trade might change the relationship, but it should still appear as a prisoner’s dilemma. The incentives that make it the prisoner’s dilemma would be the same. Their best strategies would still be to always defect. Tournament 1 vs tournament 2 (A set number of rounds vs not knowing when it ends)There is a bit of a logical quirk when the players know how many rounds there are. A big part of game theory is getting into your opponents head, predicting what they will do. Also thinking about the whole game and reasoning backwards.So when they know how many rounds there are, the last round against any given opponent, has no consequences. If you defect in the first round the opponent can reciprocate and you probably won’t be better off or it. But an opponent can’t reciprocate against any defecting in that last round. And since no matter what the other person is going to do, defecting gives a better payout. A player should defect in the last round... so should everyone really. They will only get more for doing that. We should expect them to do it.But then if everyone is defecting in the last round, not in response to anything that happened before, then really the second to last round also has no consequences. Nobody is going to defect because you defected in the second to last round. What they’re doing in that next round is already set, if we defect in the second to last round we’re not giving up future gains we could have gotten while cooperating. So everyone should defect in the second to last round because there are no consequences and the payoff is higher. But then if everyone is defecting in these rounds, then the third to last round also has no consequences…. Blah blah, defect the whole time. With this reasoning the correct strategy is to always defect. But we already know that ALWAYS DEFECT isn’t a great strategy here. Because defecting has consequences. But reasoning backwards, in this context, only works if everyone is doing it. If everyone has thought that way. If everyone reasoned this way, then everyone is always defecting. Then always defecting is the best strategy against that. But the people who submitted for this tournament clearly didn’t reason this way. Maybe because most of the time in the real world, we don’t know how many rounds there are, so we always think our actions will have consequences. Also we rarely interact with one person in isolation. We can build a reputation for being un-cooperative. If we are dicks to people who we are about to never see again those who will may not want to cooperate with us as much. So those who submitted thought like this. Maybe because they didn’t know about the idea. But even still, in the context of that tournament it would still better to defect in the last round. I suspect TIT FOR TAT or FORGIVING TIT FOR TAT modified to defect in the last round would have won... in the tournaments at least. If you're done with a relationship and you kill them and take your stuff, the people watching you won'y want to cooperate with you.For that tournament they actually changed the definition of what a “nice” strategy was to allow defecting in those last few rounds against an opponent. The weird space where the two ideas meet.Cooperating with whom? Cooperation and defection refer to between the two players. Not necessarily with outside forces like with the police.Patreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
Why do we Care about Family? (Even Plants) This Place 2016-06-08 | Why does life seem to be nicer to family? Would an offspring ever care for their parents? Inclusive Fitness, Hamilton's rule, Kin SelectionSIDE NOTES / ADDITIONAL STUFF (sources for video in video credits)How Thale Cress recognizes familyIf you put a green filter beside them as they grow, they will bend their leaves away from the lifeless filter, like they do for family. Plants have proteins that detect light of certain wavelengths. It seems when light in those spectrums are blocked in the horizontal direction, like when there is a neighbor leaf there, they try to grow away from it. Plants from different families are going to have different genes, grow a bit differently, and their leaves will be at different heights and different angles. But closely related plants are going to be similar. They’ll have leaves that are at similar heights blocking the light in the horizontal direction for one another. That’s why they grow away from family and not strangers, their horizontal light profile, is going to be similar. When with strangers their leaves don’t match up so much. So they only bend away for family. At least that’s the idea.Thale Cress Leaf Bending: Is It Really for Family?They tested for that. Using a mutant that cannot bend their leaves, they put them in rows like mutant│wild type│mutant│wild type... The mutants were find on their own, produce the same number of seeds as wild type. In the row, the mutants produced more seeds than the wild type. In this context at least, the benefit seems to be for the other plant, not the bender. Plant altruism is a difficult thing though. There's only a finite amount of resources. Giving resources to a neighbor may be a 1:1 thing. Hard to detect. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25264216Family helping “strategies”This model describes where a gene’s protein CAN act, not necessarily where it will. What works for bees may not work for humans. The other proteins of that cell are a part of a gene’s environment.Bees and eusocialityThere’s a lot of discussion about how bees and other creatures evolved eusociality. Also Wikipedia pageen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eusociality#EvolutionArticle to get you startedhttp://www.sciencealert.com/monogamous-queens-help-bees-cooperateit describes this paperhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21772268Some Examples of How Cells Recognize FamilyThe armpit effect. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armpit_effectIn humans there’s what they call the Westermarck effecten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westermarck_effectDucks imprinting on their mother. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imprinting_(psychology)#Filial_imprintingWhen it goes wrongen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brood_parasiteHere’s a Sapolsky lecture. youtu.be/P388gUPSq_I?t=30m7s Starts at 30 minutes 7 secondsWhy Aren’t We All Family?Really we’re asking “why don’t genes recognize when other cells have those genes?” For a gene to only help cells with those genes they have to have the effect where they are they have to have:- Some form of specific phenotypic marker, a pheromone, an appearance, a sound/call- Recognize that phenotypic marker- Only help cells with those genes.There are actually a couple specific examples, it’s called the Green beard effecten.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green-beard_effectWhy isn’t it more common? Maybe it’s a little bit like asking “why don’t we all have 4 arms? Surely having more limbs would be beneficial” or “why don’t we have laser eyes to heat our food and melt our enemies”. But mutations are random and maybe 4 arms/green beards just weren’t a possibly part of our history. Maybe it’s because it’s working against the rest of the genome. There’s lots of genes that may not benefit from the green beard gene’s action. Mutations that shut off the green beard gene would make that cell reproduce more. Or maybe it’s common and it’s just difficult to detect. There are several papers that claim it’s relatively common and very important. It could that to our brains we just don’t think we can recognize specific genes. But that’s just because our altruistic genes are scattered over our 46 chromosomes, all with markers and recognizing parts and on average we just view our children as related. I don’t know for sure.Patreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
How Does Do Science? │ Figuring out whats true This Place 2015-12-04 | About... how we can learn about the world, how to test hypothesis, and the basics of science. What is science? Patreon patreon.com/user?u=849925Sourceshttps://i.imgur.com/XTlO1R8.jpg
Tragedy of the Commons │ The Problem with Open Access This Place 2015-06-10 | The semantics of the model I'm working from use common goods/common property/ common pool resources (resources used by multiple people) and common property regimes (the institutions or social arrangements between people, the property rights regarding common pool resources). We were taught that "the commons" is sort of an old term. It has issues because it blankets both common pool resources with no communication, no rules, no accountability, no punishment for those who break the rules, etc. (open access) and common pool resources with some cooperation or institution in place (common property regimes). When you get away from those aspects that allow people to trust one another and work together, the system looks like an open access system. The tragedy of the commons model describes what happens in that open access system. But not what happens when a common property regime is in place. But the term "commons" doesn't distinguish between the two. Further watchingSome Field Ecology " Allan Savory: How to green the world's deserts and reverse climate change"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpTHi...Patreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
Why Kill a Baby? This Place 2015-03-24 | It seems like creatures killing infants of their own species is a very common occurrence. Why is this a thing?Patreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
The Prisoners Dilemma This Place 2014-10-04 | The prisoners dilemma is a hypothetical game set up showing a situation where people won't want to work together even when it's beneficial to do so. It's just a long way of saying people don't like to be taken advantage of. Is often game theory 101.Patreon patreon.com/user?u=849925ITERATED PRISONER'S DILEMMA AND THE EVOLUTION OF COOPERATION youtube.com/watch?v=BOvAbjfJ0x0EXTRA NOTESConcerning "Cooperation"Cooperation refers to cooperation between the two players. Not necessarily with outside parties like the police.
Why are Males often More Physically Aggressive? This Place 2014-04-27 | Tournament vs pair-bondingThe term I keep coming across to describe humans (and other species) is "serial pair bonders" or "serial monogamist". We tend to fall madly in love for a few years and then fall out of love. But considering all the diversity in human sexuality, and the fact that there are billions of us, it's hardly beneficial to put a label on it. You'll get polygamists, you'll get monogamists for life, you'll get males who are attracted to males, you'll get males who feel like they are female and who are attracted to females... and you know everything else. Looking at animal behaviour and the reasons for animal behaviour is just a way to start thinking about behaviour on a evolutionary scale. These are not necessarily models to explain human behaviour. Every species and every community will have a different world of when it's appropriate to be aggressive and when it's appropriate to be sexual.From secondary sources I've read that male and female humans are equally aggressive (how this is measured I do not know) but that males are more "physically aggressive". But that a big part of the difference stems from male vs male aggression. For example, from what I can see from internet article statistics (not really statistics), females and males are similar in counts of "physical domestic aggression". Link DumpLow level aggression in baboonsyoutube.com/watch?v=QZcTvFqzxA0Photos are from Flikr users. All photos are under licence: creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0Sources:The Extended Phenotype- Richard DawkinsLectures... check these out, they are awsome. If you like this stuff and don't like listening to me, watch these:youtube.com/watch?v=NNnIGh9g6fAPatreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
What is life? Are viruses alive? This Place 2014-03-12 | What is it that makes things alive?What if we made robots that could sustain themselves? What if they could mine metals or recycle old robots, reprogram and remake themselves? There's nothing there we would traditional call alive, but they would have at least have the essence of this perpetual rube Goldberg machine. Would that be called life? I don't think many people would. Those are just self replicating robots. Those are fucked up robots that need to learn there place under humanity's boot.It might be another sort of replicating never ending Rube Goldberg machine, but maybe life is more specific to the shape that we apply the name to (with cells and DNA and all).But then what about life on other planets? Sometimes people say that we shouldn't assume all other forms of life are like ours because it's close minded. What if it's not just DNA and the cell. What if it's not even ....a code, and some bunch of stuff that reproduces the code in a way that we understand it.What if it's something ambiguous that we can't even begin to comprehend or recognize?but ..... What? I think the uncertainty of what alien life might be like, maybe it's a side effect of being able to recognize and describe life here really easily, while right beside that having a difficult time defining it. There isn't really an unequivocal definition yet. So people can imagine some being of pure energy or whatever that we would recognize as life, without first imagining the fundamental process behind it and why we call it life. Original "What is Life?" Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZHD9E6i1fsPatreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
What do brains do? This Place 2014-02-18 | Brains and nervous systems do a lot of things, but overall their purpose seems to be to allow cells to communicate and behave together. But because gene's generally code for things that help reproduction, you can start to see harsh patterns in behaviour.Patreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
More on the Selfish Gene and Evolution This Place 2014-01-25 | Some additional information regarding why things evolve and "the selfish gene". This Side Notes covers:- Birds with Horns- Survival vs reproduction, K and r selection- A single gene for a trait?- More on the selfish gene and crossing over- DNA doesn't code for proteins. RNA world hypothesis?Link DumpWhy do things evolve? youtube.com/watch?v=WGL4HPuFKZASenesence: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SenescenceImage CreditsCassowaryCuatrock77- http://www.flickr.com/photos/cuatrok77/9687779143youtube.com/watch?v=KFVb90bCNjY&list=WL9F07272518E64107HornbillLip Kee- http://www.flickr.com/photos/lipkee/5109558511/sizes/lCamouflage owl- Potoo Wagner Machado Carlos Lemes- http://www.fotopedia.com/items/wagnermclemes-kgVyXIKf-HM/slideshowThe Lilac Breasted Roller- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nyctibius_griseus_471885191_27f931630d_o.jpgCamoflage bugRemy Snippe- http://www.flickr.com/photos/rs_snippe/6089795516/sizes/lBacteriaGina Bei- http://www.flickr.com/photos/melynaguona/3459685047/sizes/oBabyBridget Coila - http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibbit/4273718204/sizes/lThese were all http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en and were all croppedPatreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
Why Do Living Things Evolve? │ Selfish Gene This Place 2014-01-25 | Not literally selfish, but seemingly selfish. If a gene codes for that which allows it to continue is self reproduction... then it will reproduce. All the genes that don't help reproduction tend to go away.For more information on stuff related to this video, check out the side notes:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Nt2I...Photo CreditsJacobs SheepEd Bierman (cropped)- http://www.flickr.com/photos/edbierma...ReferencesThe selfish gene- Richard DawkinsThe extended phenotype- Richard DawkinsPatreon patreon.com/user?u=849925
What is Life? This Place 2013-11-01 | This video is mostly nonsense. But because of positive feedback I decided to keep it around.FootageBear who plays with stick goodhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ghgg_fukbvUSocientize: Cell Images Experimenthttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXegth8CmM4Ibercivis CienciaPainfully unawarehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nnQTt5IuczYsciencemuseumPhototropism in Tomatoes - Timelapsehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ze8NV7cvW8k therealbealeCreatures in my Water!!! - Microscopic Animals from a Local Stream.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7Qo2thTMaAantiprotonsI'm not really an animator. If you liked the animation in this video, check out the work of Masanobu Hiraoka (vimeo.com/74114715) and Don Hertzfeldt (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMsyOowMaEY) who's styles were an influence to this vid.ReferencesThe Wikipedia page. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LifeI pulled the rest outta my butt. Because doing proper research, can be a lot of work.
Who Should Govern Nature? This Place 2013-07-31 | People often feel that the government should be in charge of natural resources because the environment belongs to us all and the government represents the people. While there's no single way for renewable resource ownership, people tend towards government control a little too often. It can hurt instead of help.Song soundcloud.com/stephen-moller-1/chinquapin-huntingPatreon patreon.com/user?u=849925ReferencesArnold, J.E.M. and Cambell, J.G. 1985. Collective Management of hill Forests in Nepal: The Community Forestry Development Project.Harding, Garrett. 1968. The Tragedy of the Commons. Science. 13 (162) p.1243-1248.http://dieoff.org/page95.htmOstrom, Elinor. 1990. Governing the Commons. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Whats the difference between identical and fraternal twins? This Place 2013-07-31 | Identical twins are basically clones, made from the same sperm and egg due to the splitting of a zygote. They typically portray different phenotypes and are distinguishable though.Fraternal twins are like any other siblings from different sperms and eggs but born at the same time due to both ovaries releasing eggs at the same time.Link DumpFootage of Mitosishttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DD3IQknCEdcSemi-Identical Twinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin#Semi-identical_twins
