Uploaded May 2020 | Updated September 2026, 3 weeks ago

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Electric charge is both a spacetime invariant and conserved over time. To understand why, we'll need to dive deep into it's connection to the electromagnetic field through Noether's theorem and quantum mechanics. Brilliant for 20% off: brilliant.org/ScienceAsylum
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VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS

What is Electric Charge?
youtu.be/gvX29HPmBEI

When Conservation of Energy FAILS!
youtu.be/cnGYMe6GBeQ

What is a Quantum Wave Function?
youtu.be/vShpwplJyXk
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RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS

PBS Space Time on Noether's Theorem:
youtu.be/V5kgruUjVBs
youtu.be/04ERSb06dOg
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OTHER SOURCES

https://quantummechanics.ucsd.edu/ph130a/130_notes/node479.html
https://quantummechanics.ucsd.edu/ph130a/130_notes/node296.html
arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0302062
cbooth.staff.shef.ac.uk/phy304/invariance.html
http://web.mst.edu/~hale/courses/Physics_357_457/Notes/Lecture.7.Gauge.Invariance/Lecture7.Guage.Invariance.Conserved.Quantities.pdf
ippp.dur.ac.uk/~krauss/Lectures/QuarksLeptons/QED/GaugeInvariance_2.html
physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/index.html
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LINKS TO COMMENTS

youtube.com/watch?v=7HBKEDyFTv8&lc=Ugwf3ndvZkvgimM0qZd4AaABAg
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IMAGE CREDITS

Emmy Noether:
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Noether.jpg