Uploaded January 2026 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
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Credits:
The Goffin Labs, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
Prof. Alice Auersperg
Dr. Antonio J. Osuna Mascaró
Dr. Mark O’Hara
Berenika Mioduszewska
Dr. Isabelle Laumer
Keene & Kirkland, UW Medicine
Bene Croy
Citations:
Auersperg AM, Szabo B, von Bayern AM, Kacelnik A. Spontaneous innovation in tool manufacture and use in a Goffin's cockatoo. Curr Biol. 2012 Nov 6;22(21):R903-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.002.
Auersperg AM, Borasinski S, Laumer I, Kacelnik A. Goffin's cockatoos make the same tool type from different materials. Biol Lett. 2016 Nov;12(11):20160689. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0689.
Auersperg, A. M. I., Szabo, B., von Bayern, A. M. P., & Bugnyar, T. (2013, July 22). Object Permanence in the Goffin Cockatoo (Cacatua goffini). Journal of Comparative Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/a0033272
Auersperg AM, Kacelnik A, von Bayern AM. Explorative learning and functional inferences on a five-step means-means-end problem in Goffin's cockatoos (Cacatuagoffini). PLoS One. 2013 Jul 3;8(7):e68979. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068979.
Beinhauer, I. & Bugnyar, Thomas & Auersperg, Alice. (2018). Prospective but not retrospective tool selection in the Goffin’s cockatoo (Cacatua goffiniana). Behaviour. 156. 10.1163/1568539X-00003515.
Jarvis, E., Güntürkün, O., Bruce, L. et al. Avian brains and a new understanding of vertebrate brain evolution. Nat Rev Neurosci 6, 151–159 (2005). doi.org/10.1038/nrn1606
Laumer IB, Bugnyar T, Reber SA, Auersperg AMI. Can hook-bending be let off the hook? Bending/unbending of pliant tools by cockatoos. Proc Biol Sci. 2017 Sep 13;284(1862):20171026. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1026.
Laumer IB, Massen JJM, Boehm PM, Boehm A, Geisler A, Auersperg AMI. Individual Goffin´s cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana) show flexible targeted helping in a tool transfer task. PLoS One. 2021 Jun 29;16(6):e0253416. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253416. Erratum in: PLoS One. 2024 Dec 30;19(12):e0316744. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316744.
Laumer, Isabelle & Massen, Jorg & Wakonig, Birgit & Lorck Tympner, Melina & Carminito, Chelsea & Auersperg, Alice. (2019). Tentative evidence for inequity aversion to unequal work‐effort but not to unequal reward distribution in Goffin's cockatoos. Ethology. 126. 10.1111/eth.12947.
Lessner EJ, Echols MS, Paul-Murphy JR, Speer BL, Holliday CM. Grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) beak papillae and nerves identified using novel 2-D and 3-D imaging modalities. Am J Vet Res. 2023 May 31;84(7):ajvr.23.03.0059. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.03.0059.
Mioduszewska, Berenika & Auersperg, Alice & O'Hara, Mark. (2022). Treasure islands: foraging ecology and the emergence of tool use in wild Goffin’s cockatoos. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences. 45. 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101118.
O’Hara, Mark, Berenika Mioduszewska, Roger Mundry, Yohanna, Tri Haryoko, Rini Rachmatika, Dewi M. Prawiradilaga, Ludwig Huber, Alice M.I. Auersperg, Wild Goffin’s cockatoos flexibly manufacture and use tool sets, Current Biology, Volume 31, Issue 20, 2021, Pages 4512-4520.e6, ISSN 0960-9822, doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.009.
Olkowicz, S., M. Kocourek, R.K. Lučan, M. Porteš, W.T. Fitch, S. Herculano-Houzel, & P. Němec, Birds have primate-like numbers of neurons in the forebrain, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113 (26) 7255-7260, doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517131113 (2016).
Osuna-Mascaró, Antonio & O'Hara, Mark & Folkertsma, Remco & Tebbich, Sabine & Beck, Sarah & Auersperg, Alice. (2023). Flexible tool set transport in Goffin’s cockatoos. Current Biology. 33. 10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.023.
Osuna-Mascaró, A.J., Mundry, R., Tebbich, S. et al. Innovative composite tool use by Goffin’s cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana). Sci Rep 12, 1510 (2022). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05529-9
Rose J. The avian brain. Curr Biol. 2022 Oct 24;32(20):R1076-R1079. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.072.
Head to brilliant.org/zefrank to start learning for free for 30 days and get 20% off the premium subscription.
merch: ze-true-store.myshopify.com
patreon: patreon.com/truefacts/posts
classical music: soundcloud.com/querflote/5-au
sponsor music: incompetech.com
Credits:
The Goffin Labs, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
Prof. Alice Auersperg
Dr. Antonio J. Osuna Mascaró
Dr. Mark O’Hara
Berenika Mioduszewska
Dr. Isabelle Laumer
Keene & Kirkland, UW Medicine
Bene Croy
Citations:
Auersperg AM, Szabo B, von Bayern AM, Kacelnik A. Spontaneous innovation in tool manufacture and use in a Goffin's cockatoo. Curr Biol. 2012 Nov 6;22(21):R903-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.002.
Auersperg AM, Borasinski S, Laumer I, Kacelnik A. Goffin's cockatoos make the same tool type from different materials. Biol Lett. 2016 Nov;12(11):20160689. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0689.
Auersperg, A. M. I., Szabo, B., von Bayern, A. M. P., & Bugnyar, T. (2013, July 22). Object Permanence in the Goffin Cockatoo (Cacatua goffini). Journal of Comparative Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/a0033272
Auersperg AM, Kacelnik A, von Bayern AM. Explorative learning and functional inferences on a five-step means-means-end problem in Goffin's cockatoos (Cacatuagoffini). PLoS One. 2013 Jul 3;8(7):e68979. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068979.
Beinhauer, I. & Bugnyar, Thomas & Auersperg, Alice. (2018). Prospective but not retrospective tool selection in the Goffin’s cockatoo (Cacatua goffiniana). Behaviour. 156. 10.1163/1568539X-00003515.
Jarvis, E., Güntürkün, O., Bruce, L. et al. Avian brains and a new understanding of vertebrate brain evolution. Nat Rev Neurosci 6, 151–159 (2005). doi.org/10.1038/nrn1606
Laumer IB, Bugnyar T, Reber SA, Auersperg AMI. Can hook-bending be let off the hook? Bending/unbending of pliant tools by cockatoos. Proc Biol Sci. 2017 Sep 13;284(1862):20171026. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1026.
Laumer IB, Massen JJM, Boehm PM, Boehm A, Geisler A, Auersperg AMI. Individual Goffin´s cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana) show flexible targeted helping in a tool transfer task. PLoS One. 2021 Jun 29;16(6):e0253416. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253416. Erratum in: PLoS One. 2024 Dec 30;19(12):e0316744. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316744.
Laumer, Isabelle & Massen, Jorg & Wakonig, Birgit & Lorck Tympner, Melina & Carminito, Chelsea & Auersperg, Alice. (2019). Tentative evidence for inequity aversion to unequal work‐effort but not to unequal reward distribution in Goffin's cockatoos. Ethology. 126. 10.1111/eth.12947.
Lessner EJ, Echols MS, Paul-Murphy JR, Speer BL, Holliday CM. Grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) beak papillae and nerves identified using novel 2-D and 3-D imaging modalities. Am J Vet Res. 2023 May 31;84(7):ajvr.23.03.0059. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.03.0059.
Mioduszewska, Berenika & Auersperg, Alice & O'Hara, Mark. (2022). Treasure islands: foraging ecology and the emergence of tool use in wild Goffin’s cockatoos. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences. 45. 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101118.
O’Hara, Mark, Berenika Mioduszewska, Roger Mundry, Yohanna, Tri Haryoko, Rini Rachmatika, Dewi M. Prawiradilaga, Ludwig Huber, Alice M.I. Auersperg, Wild Goffin’s cockatoos flexibly manufacture and use tool sets, Current Biology, Volume 31, Issue 20, 2021, Pages 4512-4520.e6, ISSN 0960-9822, doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.009.
Olkowicz, S., M. Kocourek, R.K. Lučan, M. Porteš, W.T. Fitch, S. Herculano-Houzel, & P. Němec, Birds have primate-like numbers of neurons in the forebrain, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113 (26) 7255-7260, doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517131113 (2016).
Osuna-Mascaró, Antonio & O'Hara, Mark & Folkertsma, Remco & Tebbich, Sabine & Beck, Sarah & Auersperg, Alice. (2023). Flexible tool set transport in Goffin’s cockatoos. Current Biology. 33. 10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.023.
Osuna-Mascaró, A.J., Mundry, R., Tebbich, S. et al. Innovative composite tool use by Goffin’s cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana). Sci Rep 12, 1510 (2022). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05529-9
Rose J. The avian brain. Curr Biol. 2022 Oct 24;32(20):R1076-R1079. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.072.
