Uploaded September 2025 | Updated September 2026, 1 week ago

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Today I've got my hands on an even older map of Africa for us to explore!

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Sources / Further Reading

link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230271050_92

jstor.org/stable/180172

https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/FOID/Reading%20Room/Litigation_Release/Litigation%20Release%20-%20Final%20Report-West%20African%20Jihadist%20Movements%20%20201407.pdf

researchgate.net/publication/335259979_Causes_of_the_Jihad_of_Usman_Dan_Fodio_A_Historiographical_Review

jstor.org/stable/716705

digital.mobilepubliclibrary.org/items/show/1802

books.google.com/books?id=stl97FdyRswC&pg=PA229#v=onepage&q&f=false

jstor.org/stable/179583