Metatron | The Truth About THE MOORS Once And For All @metatronyt | Uploaded September 2024 | Updated October 2024, 3 hours ago.
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The word 'Mori' (Moors) is an exonym, meaning a name that originates and is used outside the context it defines. To simplify, the 'Moors' did not identify themselves with this term. But who exactly were the Moors? This is where the issue becomes more complicated, because 'Moors' is not a true ethnonym, but an artificial category conceived by Europeans in the Middle Ages, used until the Modern Age in a fairly variable manner to define people of Islamic faith, often particularly those from the Maghreb, including those who had advanced into the Iberian Peninsula and conquered it.
The word 'Mori' derives from the Latin 'Mauri', which in turn comes from the Greek Μαῦροι or Μαυρούσιοι. In this case, we are dealing with an actual ethnic definition, which referred to a population of Berber origin, according to Herodotus settled in Morocco, and which according to Pliny had already been 'reduced to a few families by wars' in the 1st century AD.
It should be noted that even the term 'Mauri' seems to be used with some flexibility by the Classics, and if initially it indicated a specific people of Morocco, later the definition seems to include also the Berber peoples of west-central Algeria, eventually extending in late antiquity to all Berber peoples from Morocco to Tunisia.
The etymology of Μαῦροι is not certain, but although in the past it was proposed to find its origin in the Phoenician 'Mahurin', which simply means 'Westerners', hypothesizing a term used by the Carthaginians to indicate the peoples living to the West of them, today the most likely hypothesis points to the Greek adjective 'μαυρος', which means 'dark', most likely in reference to the complexion of the Mauri understood as the original tribe mentioned by Herodotus and Pliny.
A 'dark' complexion does not necessarily indicate that of 'Black Africans', also because otherwise instead of using 'Μαυρος' the Classics would have used Αἰθίοψ or at most Μέλας, as happens whenever they deal with 'Blacks', even in North Africa: see Diodorus Siculus who, speaking of the black population of the Asphodels settled in Tunisia, uses Αἰθίοψ as a term of comparison, or the Melanogaetuli, the 'Black Getuli', moreover neighbors of the Mauri, about whom Ptolemy writes.
The Birth of the 'Moors'
Between 647 and 709, the Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate carried out the conquest of the Maghreb, subjugating the local populations of Berber origin and converting them to Islam."
Initially, the Arab conquest had a significant impact from a religious and cultural perspective, but in ethnic terms, it must have been relative. While originally the Caliph granted land to Arab soldiers who carried out the conquest, creating a landed aristocracy to which the Berbers had to refer, by 710 there were already important figures in the Arab governorate of Ifriqiya (Muslim Africa) who were of Berber ethnicity, such as the famous general Tariq ibn Ziyad, who gave his name to Gibraltar (Gebel et Tariq, the Mountain of Tariq) and in 711 began the Muslim conquest of Spain.
Although al-Malik worked to extensively settle Arab communities to control the Berbers, his descendant Abd-Al Rahman, who fled to Africa following the Abbasid revolution, was of Berber mother.
The Caliphates and Emirates that would involve Algeria and Morocco in the following centuries would be ruled by dynasties of substantially Berber origin, although deeply Arabized culturally. In the 11th century, when the Berber dynasty of the Zirid emirs, who controlled the territory between Libya and the Moroccan hinterland on behalf of the Arab Caliphs of the Fatimid dynasty, declared their independence, in reaction the Fatimids relocated a whole series of Bedouin tribes to Africa, such as the Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym. This form of Arab penetration, which would take on the dimensions of a massive migration, would have a substantial impact on the social and ethnic fabric of the Maghreb, and even on its territory. The lands occupied by the Bedouin tribes would become uncultivated and desertified, and many of the originally sedentary Berber farming communities would convert into nomadic herding communities.
A study by Israeli geneticist Almut Nebel has also shown that, although not all-encompassing, the Arab contribution to the genetic pool of the Maghreb that was brought in this phase of its history has left important traces up to our days.
#themoors #debunkingmyths #mythbusting
Join this channel to get access to more old school Metatron videos the algorithm wouldn't prioritize!
youtube.com/channel/UCIjGKyrdT4Gja0VLO40RlOw/join
Also if you like what I do and wish to support my work to help me make sure that I can continue to tell it how it is please consider checking out my Patreon! Unboxings are Patreon exclusives!
patreon.com/themetatron
The word 'Mori' (Moors) is an exonym, meaning a name that originates and is used outside the context it defines. To simplify, the 'Moors' did not identify themselves with this term. But who exactly were the Moors? This is where the issue becomes more complicated, because 'Moors' is not a true ethnonym, but an artificial category conceived by Europeans in the Middle Ages, used until the Modern Age in a fairly variable manner to define people of Islamic faith, often particularly those from the Maghreb, including those who had advanced into the Iberian Peninsula and conquered it.
The word 'Mori' derives from the Latin 'Mauri', which in turn comes from the Greek Μαῦροι or Μαυρούσιοι. In this case, we are dealing with an actual ethnic definition, which referred to a population of Berber origin, according to Herodotus settled in Morocco, and which according to Pliny had already been 'reduced to a few families by wars' in the 1st century AD.
It should be noted that even the term 'Mauri' seems to be used with some flexibility by the Classics, and if initially it indicated a specific people of Morocco, later the definition seems to include also the Berber peoples of west-central Algeria, eventually extending in late antiquity to all Berber peoples from Morocco to Tunisia.
The etymology of Μαῦροι is not certain, but although in the past it was proposed to find its origin in the Phoenician 'Mahurin', which simply means 'Westerners', hypothesizing a term used by the Carthaginians to indicate the peoples living to the West of them, today the most likely hypothesis points to the Greek adjective 'μαυρος', which means 'dark', most likely in reference to the complexion of the Mauri understood as the original tribe mentioned by Herodotus and Pliny.
A 'dark' complexion does not necessarily indicate that of 'Black Africans', also because otherwise instead of using 'Μαυρος' the Classics would have used Αἰθίοψ or at most Μέλας, as happens whenever they deal with 'Blacks', even in North Africa: see Diodorus Siculus who, speaking of the black population of the Asphodels settled in Tunisia, uses Αἰθίοψ as a term of comparison, or the Melanogaetuli, the 'Black Getuli', moreover neighbors of the Mauri, about whom Ptolemy writes.
The Birth of the 'Moors'
Between 647 and 709, the Arabs of the Umayyad Caliphate carried out the conquest of the Maghreb, subjugating the local populations of Berber origin and converting them to Islam."
Initially, the Arab conquest had a significant impact from a religious and cultural perspective, but in ethnic terms, it must have been relative. While originally the Caliph granted land to Arab soldiers who carried out the conquest, creating a landed aristocracy to which the Berbers had to refer, by 710 there were already important figures in the Arab governorate of Ifriqiya (Muslim Africa) who were of Berber ethnicity, such as the famous general Tariq ibn Ziyad, who gave his name to Gibraltar (Gebel et Tariq, the Mountain of Tariq) and in 711 began the Muslim conquest of Spain.
Although al-Malik worked to extensively settle Arab communities to control the Berbers, his descendant Abd-Al Rahman, who fled to Africa following the Abbasid revolution, was of Berber mother.
The Caliphates and Emirates that would involve Algeria and Morocco in the following centuries would be ruled by dynasties of substantially Berber origin, although deeply Arabized culturally. In the 11th century, when the Berber dynasty of the Zirid emirs, who controlled the territory between Libya and the Moroccan hinterland on behalf of the Arab Caliphs of the Fatimid dynasty, declared their independence, in reaction the Fatimids relocated a whole series of Bedouin tribes to Africa, such as the Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym. This form of Arab penetration, which would take on the dimensions of a massive migration, would have a substantial impact on the social and ethnic fabric of the Maghreb, and even on its territory. The lands occupied by the Bedouin tribes would become uncultivated and desertified, and many of the originally sedentary Berber farming communities would convert into nomadic herding communities.
A study by Israeli geneticist Almut Nebel has also shown that, although not all-encompassing, the Arab contribution to the genetic pool of the Maghreb that was brought in this phase of its history has left important traces up to our days.
#themoors #debunkingmyths #mythbusting
