Uploaded October 2019 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago

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Red Summer refers to a series of approximately 25 “anti-black riots” that erupted in major cities throughout the nation in 1919, including Houston, Texas; East St. Louis and Chicago, Illinois, Washington, D.C. Omaha, Nebraska, Elaine, Arkansas, Tulsa, Oklahoma; and Charleston, South Carolina.

To order the books referenced in the video please click the link below:

Red Summer by Cameron McWhirter

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Race Riot Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919 by William M Tuttle Jr.

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