The Quest For Aid: Manuel II, John VII and Henry IV @EasternRomanHistory
The Quest For Aid: Manuel II, John VII and Henry IV  @EasternRomanHistory
Uploaded December 2021 | Updated September 2026, 24 minutes ago
Under siege since 1394, Manuel II and John VII worked together to rescue Constantinople from the Ottoman Turks. In their search of military and financial aid, Manuel II was taken all the way to England. Henry IV did what he could to help them.

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Bibliography:
Adam of Usk, Chronicle, translated by C. Given-Wilson (1904).

John VII Palaiologos, Letter to Henry IV, translated by John W. Barker (1969).

Manuel II Palaiologos, Letters of Manuel II Palaeologus, translated by George T. Dennis, (1977).

Manuel II Palaiologos, Letter to Henry IV, translated by John W. Barker (1969).

Barker, J. W. (1969) Manuel II Palaeologus (1391-1425): A Study in Late Byzantine Statesmanship, New Jersey.

Nicol, D. M. (1993) The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453 - Second Edition, London.

Music Credits:
'The Capture' by Stephen and David Rippy from Age of Empires by Ensemble Studios.

'Ambient' by Jason Graves from Rise and Fall: Civilisations at War by Stainless Steel Studios and Midway Games.

'Exploration' by Robert Euvino from Stronghold by Firefly Studios.

All images used are for educational purposes, if I have used a piece of art and you would like me to credit you, please contact me and I shall do so.
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The Quest For Aid: Manuel II, John VII and Henry IV

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