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![Tech Tips - What is RAM? How does Ram Work?? (PC RAM Explained) [SD-RAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3, DDR4]](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/nbqqdOR2weo/hqdefault.jpg "Tech Tips - What is RAM? How does Ram Work?? (PC RAM Explained) [SD-RAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3, DDR4]
What is RAM? How does Ram Work?? (PC RAM Explained) [SD-RAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3, DDR4]
hAVE YOU EVER HEARD tHE tERM rAm BeforE?? Well, This video is all about the computer component known as Ram, how it works and what it does. So stay tuned and lets talk a bit about RAM a.k.a Random Access Memory. And also a little bit about ROM.
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Random Access Memory (RAM) is a hardware device that allows information to be stored and retrieved on a computer. RAM is a volatile memory and requires power to keep the data accessible. If the computer is turned off, all data contained in RAM is lost.
In common usage, the term RAM is synonymous with main memory, the memory available to programs. For example, a computer with 8GB RAM has approximately 8 billion bytes of memory that programs can use. In contrast, ROM (read-only memory) refers to special memory used to store programs that boot the computer and perform diagnostics. Most personal computers have a small amount of ROM (a few thousand bytes). In fact, both types of memory (ROM and RAM) allow random access. To be precise, therefore, RAM should be referred to as read/write RAM and ROM as read-only RAM.
SDRAM is designed to synchronize itself with the timing of the CPU. This enables the memory controller to know the exact clock cycle when the requested data will be ready, so the CPU no longer has to wait between memory accesses. For example, PC66 SDRAM runs at 66 MT/s or Megtransfers per second, PC100 SDRAM runs at 100 MT/s, PC133 SDRAM runs at 133 MT/s, and so on.
SDRAM can stand for SDR SDRAM (Single Data Rate SDRAM), where the I/O, internal clock and bus clock are the same. For example, the I/O, internal clock and bus clock of PC133 are all 133 Mhz. Single Data Rate means that SDR SDRAM can only read/write one time in a clock cycle. SDRAM have to wait for the completion of the previous command to be able to do another read/write operation.
The next generation of SDRAM is DDR or in other terms (Double Data Rate SDRAM). This type achieves greater bandwidth than the preceding single data rate SDRAM by transferring data on the rising and falling edges of the clock signal. Effectively, it doubles the transfer rate without increasing the frequency of the clock. The transfer rate of DDR SDRAM is the double of SDR SDRAM without changing the internal clock. DDR SDRAM, as the first generation of DDR memory, the prefetch buffer is 2bit, which is the double of SDR SDRAM. The transfer rate of DDR is between 266~400 MT/s.
DDR2 RAM or (Double Data Rate Two SDRAM) added a 2x clock multiplier to the module, which meant the bus clock running at the same speed as DDR RAM would be doubled, thus multiplying transfer speeds by 2 for the same bus speed. This is achieved by improved bus signal. The prefetch buffer of DDR2 is 4 bit(double of DDR SDRAM). DDR2 memory is at the same internal clock speed (133~200MHz) as DDR, but the transfer rate of DDR2 can reach 533~800 MT/s with the improved I/O bus signal.
DDR3 SDRAM or (Double Data Rate Three SDRAM):
DDR3 memory reduces 40% power consumption compared to current DDR2 modules, allowing for lower operating currents and voltages (1.5 V, compared to DDR2s 1.8 V or DDRs 2.5 V). The transfer rate of DDR3 is 800~1600 MT/s. DDR3s prefetch buffer width is 8 bit, whereas DDR2s is 4 bit, and DDRs is 2 bit. DDR3 also adds two functions, such as ASR (Automatic Self-Refresh) and SRT (Self-Refresh Temperature). They can make the memory control the refresh rate according to the temperature variation.
DDR4 SDRAM (Double Data Rate Fourth SDRAM):
DDR4 SDRAM provides the lower operating voltage (1.2V) and higher transfer rate. The transfer rate of DDR4 is 2133~3200 MT/s. DDR4 adds four new Bank Groups technology. Each bank group has the feature of singlehanded operation. DDR4 can process 4 data within a clock cycle, so DDR4s efficiency is better than DDR3 obviously. DDR4 also adds some functions, such as DBI (Data Bus Inversion), CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) and CA parity. They can enhance DDR4 memorys signal integrity, and improve the stability of data transmission/access.
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