Uploaded August 2023 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago
The great depths of the Mariana Trench have intrigued oceanographers, biologists, geologists, and other scientists for over one and a half centuries. It has been explored using methods as primitive as lowered cables to measure its depths, to modern echo sounding and other methods. Its deepest spots have been explored, though in the case of manned vehicles sparingly. Despite the great pressures from the sea, the absence of light, and the cold temperatures of the water, living organisms have been found there. Many are found nowhere else on Earth, while others are commonly found in the ocean depths around the globe.
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Sources:
mappingthedeep-story.hub.arcgis.com/pages/explore-challenger-deep
fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/habitat-conservation/marianas-trench-marine-national-monument
sciencetrends.com/this-is-the-worlds-smallest-ocean
universetoday.com/tag/flattening-at-the-poles/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%202004%20Working,to%20bulge%20at%20the%20equator.
https://divediscover.whoi.edu/history-of-oceanography/the-challenger-expedition/
nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/shuttleoperations/orbiters/challenger-info.html
panam.org/pan-am-stories/622-all-the-way-to-guam-2
doi.gov/oia/islands/cnmi
tripadvisor.com/Attraction_Review-g298500-d8770462-Reviews-Research_vessel_Vityaz-Kaliningrad_Kaliningrad_Oblast_Northwestern_District.html
https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/exploration-and-innovation/bathyscaph-trieste.html
seasky.org/ocean-exploration/ocean-explorers-jacques-piccard.html
https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/museums/nmusn/explore/prior-exhibits/2020/trieste/project-nekton.html
nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Invertebrates/Sea-Cucumbers
nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/120828-amphipods-oceans-mariana-trench-wood-science-animals
fws.gov/refuge/mariana-trench
fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/habitat-conservation/marianas-trench-marine-national-monument#management
theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/13/extraordinary-levels-of-toxic-pollution-found-in-10km-deep-mariana-trench
bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53008948
bbc.com/news/science-environment-48230157
The great depths of the Mariana Trench have intrigued oceanographers, biologists, geologists, and other scientists for over one and a half centuries. It has been explored using methods as primitive as lowered cables to measure its depths, to modern echo sounding and other methods. Its deepest spots have been explored, though in the case of manned vehicles sparingly. Despite the great pressures from the sea, the absence of light, and the cold temperatures of the water, living organisms have been found there. Many are found nowhere else on Earth, while others are commonly found in the ocean depths around the globe.
→ Subscribe for new videos two times per week.
youtube.com/channel/UCHKRfxkMTqiiv4pF99qGKIw?sub_confirmation=1
Love content? Check out our other YouTube Channels:
Biographics: youtube.com/channel/UClnDI2sdehVm1zm_LmUHsjQ
TopTenz: youtube.com/user/toptenznet
And check out Karl's channel, Fact Fiend: youtube.com/@FactFiend
And Wiki Weekends: youtube.com/@UCtrzkwlnKfS9knQ-zuwYBLQ
And their Untitled Side Channel: youtube.com/@UCLJvIXTMM7bjZ5-ju8xckJg
Sources:
mappingthedeep-story.hub.arcgis.com/pages/explore-challenger-deep
fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/habitat-conservation/marianas-trench-marine-national-monument
sciencetrends.com/this-is-the-worlds-smallest-ocean
universetoday.com/tag/flattening-at-the-poles/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%202004%20Working,to%20bulge%20at%20the%20equator.
https://divediscover.whoi.edu/history-of-oceanography/the-challenger-expedition/
nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/shuttleoperations/orbiters/challenger-info.html
panam.org/pan-am-stories/622-all-the-way-to-guam-2
doi.gov/oia/islands/cnmi
tripadvisor.com/Attraction_Review-g298500-d8770462-Reviews-Research_vessel_Vityaz-Kaliningrad_Kaliningrad_Oblast_Northwestern_District.html
https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/exploration-and-innovation/bathyscaph-trieste.html
seasky.org/ocean-exploration/ocean-explorers-jacques-piccard.html
https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/museums/nmusn/explore/prior-exhibits/2020/trieste/project-nekton.html
nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Invertebrates/Sea-Cucumbers
nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/120828-amphipods-oceans-mariana-trench-wood-science-animals
fws.gov/refuge/mariana-trench
fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/habitat-conservation/marianas-trench-marine-national-monument#management
theguardian.com/environment/2017/feb/13/extraordinary-levels-of-toxic-pollution-found-in-10km-deep-mariana-trench
bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53008948
bbc.com/news/science-environment-48230157




![Lighthouse of Alexandria: A Beacon of the Ancient World [Re-Upload]
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Further Reading:
https://www.britannica.com/list/new-seven-wonders-of-the-world
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Seven-Wonders-of-the-World
https://www.albany.edu/~mwolfe/ist538/unit4/Chapter_07_examples/07-07.html
https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Egypt/History
https://www.en-vols.com/en/inspirations-en/culture-en/alexandria-lighthouse-egypt/#:~:text=While%20it%20was%20not%20the,advanced%20constructions%20in%20the%20world.
https://egyptianmuseum.org/explore/greco-and-roman-period-lighthouse-alexandria
https://www.britannica.com/technology/lighthouse
https://lighthousepreservation.org/history/
https://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/greece/paganism/pharos.html
https://www.britannica.com/topic/lighthouse-of-Alexandria
https://www.google.com/search?q=sandstone+region+of+egypt&oq=sandstone+region+of+egypt&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIHCAEQIRigATIHCAIQIRigATIHCAMQIRigATIHCAQQIRifBdIBCDMzNTdqMGo3qAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/252071415_Characterization_and_Source_of_Sedimentary_Rocks_of_the_Alexandria_Lighthouse_Archaeological_Objects_Egypt
https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-rome/seven-wonders-of-the-ancient-world#section_7
https://archive.org/details/judith-mc-kenzie-the-architecture-of-alexandria-and-egypt-c.-300-b.-c.-to-a.-d.-/page/42/mode/1up
https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Pyramid-of-Giza
https://study.com/academy/lesson/lighthouse-of-alexandria-history-location-destruction.html
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257520187_Integrity_assessment_of_the_Pharos_of_Alexandria_during_the_AD_1303_earthquake
https://www.worldhistory.org/Lighthouse_of_Alexandria/#google_vignette
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006JAfES..44...37H/abstract
https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Plate-Tectonics/Chap3-Plate-Margins/Divergent/Triple-Junction
https://egymonuments.gov.eg/en/monuments/qaitbay-fort
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/raising-alexandria-151005550/
https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144016/https://www.opendemocracy.net/north-africa-west-asia/amro-ali/frightening-vision-on-plans-to-rebuild-alexandria-lighthouse
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