Archaeology with Flint Dibble | The Geoarchaeology of the Sphinx with Bob Schneiker and Dan Fallu #RealArchaeology @FlintDibble | Uploaded September 2023 | Updated October 2024, 3 hours ago.
Thanks to Bob Schneiker and Dan Fallu for the great conversation about the Sphinx. Thanks to Jonida Martini for graphic design, image sourcing, and video editing and help with the captions.
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If you like these videos:
Chip me a tip at ko-fi.com/flintdibble
Or subscribe at patreon.com/FlintDibble
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For extensive images, data, videos, essays, and information related to the Sphinx and its topography, check out the American Egypt Research Association: aeraweb.org/projects/sphinx
The full set of archival data from the 1979-1983 ARCE Sphinx Project directed by Mark Lehner is available on Open Context: opencontext.org/query/?proj=101-arce-sphinx-project-1979-1983-archive&type=media#18/29.97528/31.13711/20/any/Google-Satellite.
An additional archive of data, essays, articles, and images is available at the older website: The Giza Archives: gizapyramids.org
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A Short Bibliography on the Sphinx (most, but not all, are available for free)
Bonani, G. et al. 2001. "Radiocarbon Dates of Old and Middle Kingdom Monuments in Egypt." Radiocarbon. cambridge.org/core/journals/radiocarbon/article/radiocarbon-dates-of-old-and-middle-kingdom-monuments-in-egypt/A967302ADD527BFEB9226457682C0B4A
El-Arabi, N. et al. 2013. Assessment of groundwater movement at Giza pyramids plateau using GIS techniques. Journal of Applied Scientific Research.
Hassan, S. 1949. The Sphinx. Its History in Light of Recent Excavations. https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/hassan_sphinx.pdf
Hawass, Z. The Great Sphinx at Giza: Date and Function. gizapyramids.org/pdf_library/hawass_ice_6.2.pdf
Klemm, D. and R. Klemm. 2010. The Stones of the Pyramids. Provenance of the Buildings Stones of the Old Kingdom Pyramids of Egypt. https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/documents/klemm-klemm_stones_gizeh.pdf
Kuper, R. and S. Kropelin. 2006. Climate-Controlled Holocene Occupation in the Sahara: Motor of Africa’s Evolution. Science.
Lehner, M. 1985. The Development of the Giza Necropolis: The Khufu Project. gizapyramids.org/pdf_library/lehner_mdaik_41_1985.pdf
Lehner, M. 1992. Reconstructing the Sphinx. Cambridge Archaeological Journal.
https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/documents/lehner_caj_2-1_1992.pdf
Lehner, M. 2017. Who Built the Sphinx? The Sphinx Temple Has the Answer. aeraweb.org/projects/who-built-the-sphinx
Olszewski, D. et al. 2005. High Desert Paleolithic Survey at Abydos, Egypt. Journal of Field Archaeology. https://www.academia.edu/6030015/Paleolithic_Survey_in_the_High_Desert_of_Middle_Egypt
Sheisha, H. et al. 2022. Nile waterscapes facilitated the construction of the Giza pyramids during the 3rd millennium BCE. PNAS. pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2202530119?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed#:~:text=New%20palaeoecological%20analyses%20have%20helped,of%20the%20Giza%20Pyramid%20Complex
Serra-Kiel et al. 1998. Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Tethyan Paleocene and Eocene. Bull. soc. geol. France.
Sharafeldin et al. 2019. Shallow geophysical techniques to investigate the groundwater table at the Great Pyramids of Giza, Egypt. gi.copernicus.org/articles/8/29/2019
Some sources for the Pseudoarchaeological/Alternative Ideas we talked about
Dobecki, T. and R. Schoch. 1992. "Seismic Investigations in the Vicinity of the Great Sphinx of Giza, Egypt." Geoarchaeology. 7.6.
Hancock, G. and R. Bauval. 1997. The Message of the Sphinx: A Quest for the Hidden Legacy of Mankind.
Schoch, R. and R. Bauval. 2017. Origins of the Sphinx: Celestial Guardian of Pre-Pharaonic Civilization.
keywords: sphinx, Egypt, archaeology, ancient history, geology, Giza, erosion, Khafre, Khufu, geoarchaeology, Egyptology
Thanks to Bob Schneiker and Dan Fallu for the great conversation about the Sphinx. Thanks to Jonida Martini for graphic design, image sourcing, and video editing and help with the captions.
*******
If you like these videos:
Chip me a tip at ko-fi.com/flintdibble
Or subscribe at patreon.com/FlintDibble
*******
For extensive images, data, videos, essays, and information related to the Sphinx and its topography, check out the American Egypt Research Association: aeraweb.org/projects/sphinx
The full set of archival data from the 1979-1983 ARCE Sphinx Project directed by Mark Lehner is available on Open Context: opencontext.org/query/?proj=101-arce-sphinx-project-1979-1983-archive&type=media#18/29.97528/31.13711/20/any/Google-Satellite.
An additional archive of data, essays, articles, and images is available at the older website: The Giza Archives: gizapyramids.org
*******
A Short Bibliography on the Sphinx (most, but not all, are available for free)
Bonani, G. et al. 2001. "Radiocarbon Dates of Old and Middle Kingdom Monuments in Egypt." Radiocarbon. cambridge.org/core/journals/radiocarbon/article/radiocarbon-dates-of-old-and-middle-kingdom-monuments-in-egypt/A967302ADD527BFEB9226457682C0B4A
El-Arabi, N. et al. 2013. Assessment of groundwater movement at Giza pyramids plateau using GIS techniques. Journal of Applied Scientific Research.
Hassan, S. 1949. The Sphinx. Its History in Light of Recent Excavations. https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/images/MFA-images/Giza/GizaImage/full/library/hassan_sphinx.pdf
Hawass, Z. The Great Sphinx at Giza: Date and Function. gizapyramids.org/pdf_library/hawass_ice_6.2.pdf
Klemm, D. and R. Klemm. 2010. The Stones of the Pyramids. Provenance of the Buildings Stones of the Old Kingdom Pyramids of Egypt. https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/documents/klemm-klemm_stones_gizeh.pdf
Kuper, R. and S. Kropelin. 2006. Climate-Controlled Holocene Occupation in the Sahara: Motor of Africa’s Evolution. Science.
Lehner, M. 1985. The Development of the Giza Necropolis: The Khufu Project. gizapyramids.org/pdf_library/lehner_mdaik_41_1985.pdf
Lehner, M. 1992. Reconstructing the Sphinx. Cambridge Archaeological Journal.
https://gizamedia.rc.fas.harvard.edu/documents/lehner_caj_2-1_1992.pdf
Lehner, M. 2017. Who Built the Sphinx? The Sphinx Temple Has the Answer. aeraweb.org/projects/who-built-the-sphinx
Olszewski, D. et al. 2005. High Desert Paleolithic Survey at Abydos, Egypt. Journal of Field Archaeology. https://www.academia.edu/6030015/Paleolithic_Survey_in_the_High_Desert_of_Middle_Egypt
Sheisha, H. et al. 2022. Nile waterscapes facilitated the construction of the Giza pyramids during the 3rd millennium BCE. PNAS. pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2202530119?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed#:~:text=New%20palaeoecological%20analyses%20have%20helped,of%20the%20Giza%20Pyramid%20Complex
Serra-Kiel et al. 1998. Larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Tethyan Paleocene and Eocene. Bull. soc. geol. France.
Sharafeldin et al. 2019. Shallow geophysical techniques to investigate the groundwater table at the Great Pyramids of Giza, Egypt. gi.copernicus.org/articles/8/29/2019
Some sources for the Pseudoarchaeological/Alternative Ideas we talked about
Dobecki, T. and R. Schoch. 1992. "Seismic Investigations in the Vicinity of the Great Sphinx of Giza, Egypt." Geoarchaeology. 7.6.
Hancock, G. and R. Bauval. 1997. The Message of the Sphinx: A Quest for the Hidden Legacy of Mankind.
Schoch, R. and R. Bauval. 2017. Origins of the Sphinx: Celestial Guardian of Pre-Pharaonic Civilization.
keywords: sphinx, Egypt, archaeology, ancient history, geology, Giza, erosion, Khafre, Khufu, geoarchaeology, Egyptology
