Uploaded April 2026 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago

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In 1881, France used a tribal skirmish near the border of French Algeria to justify turning Tunisia into a French protectorate.
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Music used:
"The Chase" by Kevin MacLeod

Notes:
- The insurrection areas are based on approximate tribal boundaries of the ones that rebelled. But there were likely isolated incidents and divided tribes as well, so treat it as a more approximate area.
- There are some vague details of the final two months of the insurrection, hence the simplified ending.

Sources:
- Estournelles de Constant, Paul-Henri-Benjamin Balluet. La conquête de la Tunisie: récit contemporain. France: Sfar, 2002.
- Lewis, Mary Dewhurst. Divided Rule: Sovereignty and Empire in French Tunisia, 1881–1938. United Kingdom: University of California Press, 2013.
- Mensching, H. “Nordafrika (Tunesien, Algerien).” Map. Afrika - Kartenwerk. N. Berlin: Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, 1976.
- The Treaty of Bardo, Signed: 12 May, 1881.