Uploaded October 2021 | Updated September 2026, 2 weeks ago

---

Featuring James Grime.
Check out kiwico.com/Numberphile and get 50% off your first month of any subscription. (sponsor)
More links & stuff in full description below ↓↓↓

More James Grime videos: bit.ly/grimevideos
James Grime: singingbanana.com

John Conway: bit.ly/ConwayNumberphile

Numberphile is supported by the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI): bit.ly/MSRINumberphile


We are also supported by Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation initiative dedicated to engaging everyone with the process of science. simonsfoundation.org/outreach/science-sandbox

And support from Math For America - mathforamerica.org

NUMBERPHILE
Website: numberphile.com
Numberphile on Facebook: facebook.com/numberphile
Numberphile tweets: twitter.com/numberphile
Subscribe: bit.ly/Numberphile_Sub

Videos by Brady Haran
Artwork by Pete McPartlan

Patreon: patreon.com/numberphile

Numberphile T-Shirts and Merch: teespring.com/stores/numberphile

Brady's videos subreddit: reddit.com/r/BradyHaran

Brady's latest videos across all channels: bradyharanblog.com

Sign up for (occasional) emails: eepurl.com/YdjL9